Health Advancement and Promotion: Tobacco Use Report

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of tobacco use, tracing its historical context and evolution from a medicinal substance to a widespread societal trend. The study delves into the detrimental health impacts of tobacco consumption, supported by statistical evidence and data from various sources, including journal articles and health organizations. It explores the global prevalence of tobacco use, highlighting the staggering number of users and associated mortality rates, emphasizing the significant burden on low- and middle-income countries. The report examines the financial aspects of the tobacco industry, including revenue generation and expenditure on tobacco control. Furthermore, it discusses various programs and laws implemented in Australia to control tobacco use, such as advertising and packaging regulations and taxation policies. The report concludes by underscoring the critical need for effective tobacco control measures to mitigate the adverse effects of tobacco on public health and reduce the risk of diseases like cancer and lung problems.

Running Head: Health Advancement and Health Promotion 0
Health Advancement and Health
Promotion
August 18
2019

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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Tobacco and its Use.........................................................................................................................3
Evidence on the use of Tobacco......................................................................................................3
Programs to control the use of Tobacco..........................................................................................4
Motivation for the Review...............................................................................................................5
Methods and Strategy......................................................................................................................5
Inclusion and Exclusion criteria......................................................................................................6
Results..............................................................................................................................................6
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................6
References........................................................................................................................................7

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Introduction
In this report, the discussion is conducted upon the use of tobacco which is getting
increased with the time. The main aim of the study of this topic is to learn about the tobacco and
the industry which is connected with it. In this report the evidence is presented which are
collected by conducting the research of various statistics and data from the journal articles as
well as health organization. At first the tobacco was consumed on some special occasion by the
adults but now it has become trend in the society with the change in time not even men but
women and children are consuming tobacco. The reason behind to choose the topic is to analyze
the statistics about the use of tobacco and its adverse effect on the health of population.
Tobacco and its Use
The tobacco was introduced for the cure of many disorder and diseases at first later on it
become the trend and even the normal people start consuming tobacco. The tobacco was first
recommended for the cure of toothache, disease related to gums, throat aches, and mental
disorders. In Australia, the tobacco was first reached by the Indonesian fishermen in year of
1700s (Nguyen, Glantz, Palmer, & Schmidt, 2019). Till 1788 the tobacco in Australia was
supplied to only officers, and rich people but with the beginning of 1800s it reaches to labors,
servants, common people and even the prisoners. In 2016 according to a survey which was
conducted on the industries of tobacco and when the data was collected which described that
revenue generated in the tobacco industries was more than 346 billion dollars that is equal to the
29% of the Gross national income of Australia. In the year of 2014 there were 2242 metric tons
quantity of the tobacco produced in Australia (Gallagher, Evans-Reeves, Hatchard, & Gilmore,
2019), however it is 0.01% of the total cultivation of the Australian agricultural activity.
Evidence on the Use of Tobacco
The data and information about the use of tobacco and its impact are mentioned below:
 According to research, it was examined that 9.36 billion dollars were spent on the
promotion of tobacco and smoking in year of 2017 (Honeycutt, Bradley, Khavjou,
Yarnoff, Soler, & Orenstein, 2019).

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 There are 852 million users of tobacco in 16 countries only in which 661 million people
were smokers and 247 consumes smokeless tobacco.
 It was found in the survey that around the world China is the country with most tobacco
users approximately 300.8 million people (Ranabhat, Kim, Park, & Jakovljevic, 2019).
 In the world by the use of tobacco already 6 million people are died which means one
person out of 10 dies due to consuming it.
 In the world out of the total population the tobacco and smokers 80% of the people which
means 1.1 billion people belongs to low- and middle-income countries (Veisani, Jenabi,
Delpisheh, & Khazaei, 2019).
 Every year more than 8 million people died from tobacco. By the direct use of the
tobacco more than 7 million people died and 1.2 people died from the smokeless tobacco.
 Out of the total population of the world, only 1 country out of 3 monitors the quality of
the tobacco before supplying to their national market.
 Half of the children in the world are breathing polluted air by the tobacco which is
becoming reason of lung cancer; in the study due to second-hand smoking of tobacco
every year, 65,000 children dies (Crume, 2019).
 According to the available data the revenue generated from the tobacco tax is 154 times
more than the amount which is used to control tobacco consumption.
 The world’s first health treaty which is entitled as WHO framework convention on
Tobacco control consists of 176 parties who are representing 87% population of the
world.
 In the world, only 27 countries applied rate of tax more than 75% of the retail price.
Programs to control the use of Tobacco
The consumption of tobacco is becoming the largest cause of death and reason for many
diseases around the world. It is affecting the youth, adult population as well as the infants which
are newborn. Many newborn babies are found with lung diseases and other diseases which are
caused due to tobacco or its smoke (Hawkins, Holden, & Mackinder, 2019). In Australia there
are several laws are developed to control the use of tobacco and the results are also getting
reflected. The laws which are designed for the control are described below:

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i. Advertising Law: In Australia, there is ban on the advertising of tobacco the law
which was proposed for this is entitled as The Tobacco Advertising Prohibition Act
1992 (Carvalho, Fornasier, Leitão, Moraes, & Schneider, 2019).
ii. Tobacco Packaging Law: A law imposed for all the products which are associated
with the tobacco must be in a plain package, there should be no display of logos and
brand images. This law was passed under Tobacco Plain Packaging Act 2011 (Zhou,
& Wakefield, 2019).
iii. The government of Australia has imposed taxes on the tobacco industries are higher
than usual which makes them less affordable to produce the products. The excise
rates on the tobacco are completely based upon the average weekly ordinary-time
earning (Crosbie, Eckford, & Bialous, 2019).
iv. In Australia, any person in any territory cannot consume tobacco in their cars or in
any vehicle (Chaloupka, Powell, & Warner, 2019).
v. For minors who consume tobacco, there are different laws and actions are proposed
which varies with the territory (Wu, Wang, Bao, Shi, Tao, & Zeng, 2019).
The motivation for the Review
There are many research articles and reports are available from where the data and
information of the tobacco and its use can be studied. The main aim to prepare this report is to
understand the adverse effect of tobacco around the globe and the methods which are getting
used to controlling the use of tobacco. There are certain reports which are prepared
systematically on the use of tobacco, impact of tobacco in society, etc. but in this report the
complete analysis is conducted from the history of the tobacco to current situation so that proper
knowledge can be gained.
Methods and Strategy
Data sources: The entire data and information which is used to prepare the report are
collected from different journal articles, from the data of department of health Australia,
information collected by the surveys of World health organization, and through the articles
which are presented by the different health organizations.

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Keywords: The keywords which are used for the research while preparing the reports
were history of tobacco, use of tobacco, statistics of tobacco, impact of tobacco and consumption
of tobacco in Australia.
Inclusion and Exclusion criteria
 The articles which are used for the study and research are considered for Australia and
globally.
 The articles which explain about the benefits of tobacco introduced in ancient times were
excluded.
 The act or the law for the control of tobacco use included in the report are proposed by
the government of Australia
 The studies which are adopted for the report are mentioned with the link mentioned
below:
https://www.health.gov.au/health-topics/smoking-and-tobacco/about-smoking-and-
tobacco
https://www.health.gov.au/health-topics/smoking-and-tobacco/tobacco-control
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tobacco
Results
 The tobacco was introduced for the cure of disease but it was adopted in the regular
consumption and now it is affecting the health of major population world.
 In the world, there are many organizations which are working to control the use of
tobacco but their investment is very low as compared to revenue generated in this
industry.
 In Australia, there are very strict laws imposed due to which the rate on the consumption
of tobacco is low as compared to other countries.
Conclusion
The report concludes about the use of tobacco and its effect on society. This report
includes the history of tobacco from the ancient times. In early ages the tobacco was used as
medicine for the cure of many diseases but now it is in the trend of consumption amongst major
population. With the help of this report it can be understood very clearly that for many diseases

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and disorders tobacco is responsible, cancer is one of the most common diseases which can
easily be examined in the individual who is consuming tobacco. The tobacco industry is
generating revenue which is much higher than the plans or programs which are introduced to
control on use of tobacco. This report clearly indicates that tobacco is affecting the common
people and the increasing the risk factors of fatal diseases like cancer, liver failure, lungs
problem, etc.

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References
Chaloupka, F. J., Powell, L. M., & Warner, K. E. (2019). The use of excise taxes to reduce
tobacco, alcohol, and sugary beverage consumption. Annual review of public health, 40,
187-201.
Crosbie, E., Eckford, R., & Bialous, S. (2019). Containing diffusion: the tobacco industry’s
multipronged trade strategy to block tobacco standardised packaging. Tobacco
control, 28(2), 195-205.
Crume, T. (2019). Tobacco Use During Pregnancy. Clinical obstetrics and gynecology, 62(1),
128-141.
Gallagher, A. W., Evans-Reeves, K. A., Hatchard, J. L., & Gilmore, A. B. (2019). Tobacco
industry data on illicit tobacco trade: a systematic review of existing
assessments. Tobacco control, 28(3), 334-345.
Hawkins, B., Holden, C., & Mackinder, S. (2019). A multi-level, multi-jurisdictional strategy:
Transnational tobacco companies’ attempts to obstruct tobacco packaging
restrictions. Global public health, 14(4), 570-583.
Honeycutt, A., Bradley, C., Khavjou, O., Yarnoff, B., Soler, R., & Orenstein, D. (2019).
Simulated impacts and potential cost effectiveness of Communities Putting Prevention to
Work: Tobacco control interventions in 21 US communities, 2010–2020. Preventive
medicine, 120, 100-106.
Nguyen, K. H., Glantz, S. A., Palmer, C. N., & Schmidt, L. A. (2019). Tobacco industry
involvement in children’s sugary drinks market. BMJ, 364, l736.
Ranabhat, C. L., Kim, C. B., Park, M. B., & Jakovljevic, M. M. (2019). Situation, impacts and
future challenges of tobacco control policies for youth: systematic policy
review. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 10, 981.
Veisani, Y., Jenabi, E., Delpisheh, A., & Khazaei, S. (2019). Effect of prenatal smoking
cessation interventions on birth weight: meta-analysis. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal &
Neonatal Medicine, 32(2), 332-338.

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Wu, C. C., Wang, W. J., Bao, L. J., Shi, L., Tao, S., & Zeng, E. Y. (2019). Impacts of texture
properties and airborne particles on accumulation of tobacco-derived chemicals in
fabrics. Journal of hazardous materials, 369, 108-115
Zhou, S., & Wakefield, M. (2019). A Global Public Health Victory for Tobacco Plain-Packaging
Laws in Australia. JAMA internal medicine, 179(2), 137-138.