Public Health: Disease Control and Community Wellbeing Report

This report delves into the multifaceted role of public health within the context of health and social care. It begins by exploring various approaches and strategies used to measure, monitor, and control the incidence of diseases within communities, including the roles of different agencies and the epidemiology of infectious and non-infectious diseases, supported by statistical data. The report then investigates the implications of health and disease, examining current priorities in service provision, the relationship between disease prevalence and service requirements, and the impact of lifestyle choices on healthcare needs. Finally, it assesses factors influencing individual health and wellbeing, evaluating implemented strategies and discussing potential improvements to encourage positive behavior change within health and social care settings. The report aims to provide a comprehensive overview of public health's critical role in promoting and maintaining community health.

THE ROLE OF PUBLIC HEALTH IN HEALTH AND SOCIAL
CARE

Table of Contents
LO1 Understanding the different approaches and strategies used to measure monitor and control
incidence of diseases in communities..............................................................................................3
1.1 Explaining the roles of different agencies in identifying levels of health and disease in
communities.................................................................................................................................3
1.2 Explaining by using statistical data, the epidemiology of one infectious and one non-
infectious disease that is widespread in a country.......................................................................4
1.3 Evaluating the effectiveness of different approaches and strategies to control the incidence
of disease in communities............................................................................................................5
LO2 Investigating the implications of health and disease in communities.....................................7
2.1 Determining the current priorities and approaches to the provision of services for people
with disease or illness .................................................................................................................7
2.2 Explaining the relationship between the prevalence of disease and requirements of services
to support individuals...................................................................................................................7
2.3 Analysing the impact of current lifestyle choices on future needs for health and social care
services.........................................................................................................................................8
LO3 Understanding the factors influencing health and wellbeing of individuals...........................9
3.1 Assessing the health and wellbeing priorities for individuals in health or social care setting
......................................................................................................................................................9
3.2 Evaluating the effectiveness of the implemented strategies, systems and policies in a health
or social care setting.....................................................................................................................9
3.3 Discussing the changes that could be made to improve the health and wellbeing of
individuals in a health or social care setting..............................................................................10
3.4 Evaluating activities that can be implemented to encourage behaviour change .................10
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................10
References......................................................................................................................................12

Introduction
The general health of a population as a whole, which is monitored and regulated to
simultaneously enhance and promote them by the collaborative working of the various health
and social care institutions is termed as public health. This is a continuous development process
under which new Policies are formulated by taking into consideration does growing global
scenario. This report deals with providing knowledge regarding the different approaches and
strategies that are undertaken to qualitatively and quantitatively monitor and measure the growth
and the control of the diseases in communities. This report also deals with conducting
investigation pertaining to the various impacts caused by these diseases and the various factors
that influence the health and well-being of the individuals.
LO1 Understanding the different approaches and strategies used to measure monitor and
control incidence of diseases in communities
1.1 Explaining the roles of different agencies in identifying levels of health and disease in
communities
As stated by Brett et al. (2014, p.637), there are distinctive organisations working to recognise
the stages which are related to well-being along with the illness in the different groups and those
groups can be national as well as world wide. Although, the institutions who are providing care
to those people who are suffering from different diseases have to deliver the best services so that
all the issues should be resolved in a proper manner. Along with this local authorities are also
known as responder of community and they are working with the other suppliers who are also
providing care.
According to Bradley et al. (2016, p.761), WHO is a world association which provide their
maximum effort so that they can conduct the examination structure which relates to the
momentum neighbourhood, common, globally and distributed method of research labs. Along
with this it focuses on the health which is an extraordinary examination systems of infections.
They have to take initiatives which includes that they can use appropriate system as well as
services should be provided by using proper functions for resolving the infectious diseases. For
instance, UK community health laboratory services, US centres for illness reduction and
avoidance, the international systems colleges and group welfare and the running of epidemiology
and society health interference system give established data. Given organizations and specialists
have various duties in recognizing and conveying diseases.

1.2 Explaining by using statistical data, the epidemiology of one infectious and one non-
infectious disease that is widespread in a country
According to Eggleston and Finkelston (2014, p.797), the study of disease epidemiology is the
review and examination of the example cause impact well-being and illness conditions in
characterised population. It is based on the generic welfare, shapes formulation as well as
verification based activities which are elements of infection. It also focuses on preventive human
services. Here is the statistical data of one infectious and one non-infectious disease that is
widespread in the country (Gradinger et al. 2015, p.669).
Infectious disease (mad cow
disease)
Non-infectious
disease(obesity)
Geographical distribution Mainly seen in developed
nations.
Developed nations
Incidence rates In the United States, four
cattle have been recognised
with mad distraught bovine
ailment prions, while in
Canada, 20 cases have been
distinguished.
Around the globe, rates of
obesity are on the ascent:
Since 1980 the total rate of
weight got doubled. Present
number of corpulent men has
increased to 200 million and
300 million hefty ladies which
was comparatively less
before.
Vulnerable groups Cattles, rarely humans People above 20 years of age
are highly vulnerable.
Causes In spite of the fact that the
particular cause isn't known,
it is hypothesised that
irresistible prions are the
possible cause.
Obesity occurs when
individuals routinely eat a
bigger number of calories
than they smoulder. It can be
the outcomes of change in
physical activities like less
exercise, no rest and genetic
reasons along with some other

factors.
Spreads and controls It spreads through infected
cows when they are
slaughtered. There is no cure
for vCJD. Treatment
incorporates dealing with the
indications that happen as the
infection deteriorates.
Making small changes in food
routine can help reduce
obesity. Eating healthy on a
regular basis can make long
term changes.
Table 1: Epidemiology report
(Source: Ebringer, 2015)
Figure 1.1: Overview of mad cow disease
(Source: Ebringer, 2015)
1.3 Evaluating the effectiveness of different approaches and strategies to control the
incidence of disease in communities
According to Nakanishi and Nakashima (2014, p.470), there are distinctive methodologies in
control cardiovascular, considering the final objective of studying cardiovascular can be
understood. According to the intelligence, it is a suitable exercise in which well-being of
different individuals are checked randomly specially of that areas which are more prone to get

infected. This activity was started in Saharan with a view of having less availability of assets as
well as low quality of health which is not helpful in observing the illnesses if occurred. Survey is
conducted in order to get the statics of health but those fail to give effective results as proper
planning was not done before doing research. The results not just gave the data for
cardiovascular but also helped in understanding the impact of essential shirking systems. There
are a few systems which incorporate after strides, they are planning the advancing plagues and
analysing the cause. Decrease the levels of the scope of occupants to aggregate hazard elements
and their causes. In this tools and techniques, this fact demonstrate the different stages which
creates the hypertension among the various persons and the methods which they are adopting
that should be appropriate. Along with this, they have to provide better services to the patients
who are suffering from hypertension and have to provide services until all the issues of disease
are resolved. For instance, heart assault as well as kidney disappointment.
As stated by Beard and Bloom (2015. p.660), projects which are related to the prevention of
consumers can be directed for Mad Cow disease. According to the fact, projects in which
counteractive actions are needed to be taken should be measured properly and that are practical
in nature as well. For different diseases, service users have to take proper cure which is
necessary. The illness avoid efforts which includes instruction which are provided to children in
schools, training and education. It is also provided to employees in firms and advancement of
media assist in transmitting the thoughts and perform segmentation on the basis of consequences
so that persons can remain away from distinctive diseases.

LO2 Investigating the implications of health and disease in communities
2.1 Determining the current priorities and approaches to the provision of services for
people with disease or illness
According to Braveman and Gottlieb (2014, p.30), there are different approaches and strategies
that are taken into consideration while dealing with the disease and providing services for the
same. The first approved step was taken, on the basis of priority, is the prevention of the disease.
This is a division of medication that focuses its attention on helping the people to avoid
infectious disease by forming groups. This is important as the restraints or obstacles that are
faced during the treatment of the disease trace its origins from the anthropological differences
among the different individuals. Learning racial practices and understanding them can also be a
good way to control the spread of a disease. As stated by Sallnow et al. (2016, p.210), the next
phase of action is treatment. In this phase, the novel and operative treatment strategies and
courses are undertaken that would be helpful in treating the disease. This proactively helps a
person towards a better living condition without the threat of the disease that they had been
affected with.
Palliative care concentrates on releasing and inhibiting the distress caused to the patients and is
most suitable for patients who suffer from treatable infections or for those who live life, facing
the challenges and disease at the same time. This can also be termed as the last health care stage
wherein the patients who have a very little reminder of life their left is exposed to treatments
which can lead to a much more comfortable demise. The last approach that needs to be discussed
is remedial care which is a non-residential domestic centre for providing services in line with
maintenance and curing of people who are physically incapable or challenged.
2.2 Explaining the relationship between the prevalence of disease and requirements of
services to support individuals
According to Gili et al. (2013, p.105), prevalence is the measure and of the old and new
circumstances that are involved in an ailment. They take into consideration only a specific
period of time the prevalence of a disease or ailment. All the cumulative appearances of a disease
over a defined time period divided by the proportion of a population gives rise to the measurable
quantity of prevalence. This quantity is responsible for measuring the effect of the disease among
the public while evaluating the success of the different mitigation strategies in place. In the case
of social services which are dedicated to providing support to an individual, prevalence is a
necessity as it helps in planning and facilitating the systems that are required, accordingly to the

needs of the patient. The prevalence of a disease helps an organisation to understand and plan the
number of services that are essential for the treatment of the disease and caring for the patients
can be measured by understanding prevalence. This identification leads to better health care
services as the organisations understand the areas that require more focus, attention and
expertise.
According to Garg et al. (2015, p.304), the balance helps in understanding the involvement and
consequences of the Healthcare organisations and their effectiveness in diagnosing and treating
the patient. Incidence prevalence is a much more appropriate term rather than incident
occurrence, as this does not help in identifying the effective and beneficial health care plans for
the patients. Understanding the problems of a disease can help in setting up of achieving targets
by analysing the facts and accordingly expand and fund the facilities by providing and allocating
them resources to provide the health care services that are required during treatment of these
diseases.
2.3 Analysing the impact of current lifestyle choices on future needs for health and social
care services
According to Carman (2016, p.566), the lifestyle choices of an individual are directly related to
the impact on their health. The current trends, which are medically unsuitable, drives the present-
day health and social care settings to undertake more comprehensive steps so as to cater to the
patients. Hence, this is a very important and useful aspect that helps in analysing the impact of
current lifestyles on health and social care practices. The current lifestyle of the individuals is
inclined more towards the urban rituals that are helpful in developing a career by ignoring the
daily rituals that would lead to a healthy life.
Consumption of alcohol compounded with cigarette smoking and regular food habits of view of
the lifestyle changes that have the effect on health and social care services. All the above-
mentioned Lifestyle practices that have been visualised by the modern day individuals has led to
an estimation that showcases of very large number of people who will be suffering in the future
from cancer, gastric problems and liver failure (Gili et al. 2013, p.107).

LO3 Understanding the factors influencing health and wellbeing of individuals
3.1 Assessing the health and wellbeing priorities for individuals in health or social care
setting
In words of Boivin et al. (2014, p.345), There are numerous health and social welfare issues and
priority that an organisation needs to undertake So as to adapt and orient the services that they
provide according to the needs of the service users. These orientations on the basis of the
priorities help the organisation to develop their skills and resources so as to tackle the problems
that are faced during the treatment of these diseases. This helps the Service users to enjoy a
better living and healthy lifestyle as the organisation promote the healthy diet for an individual.
This allows a competitive edge to the healthcare organisation as the people that cater two or
more healthier Windows who are in the rival Healthcare organisation.
According to Hibbard and Greene (2013, p.211), the healthcare organisations need to prioritise
the physical activities that can be easily done in the comfort of one's own home. This promotion
of healthy diets and physical activities is helpful in inculcating good habits which ensure a
prolonged life. The social issues that these good habits are passed on to the next generation that
will make the community much more safe and resilient to diseases and health issues.
3.2 Evaluating the effectiveness of the implemented strategies, systems and policies in a
health or social care setting
As per the views of Kentikelenis et al. (2014. p.750), in HSC sector, various methodologies can
be adopted by them to attain the desired goal to frame better qualities and better propensities in
human nature. When the staff members executes the better qualities in an appropriate manner
then improved client fascination can be concluded. Enchantment of the consumers should be
established as a perfect and slick place which continuously amenable to get drag in by service
users. Additionally, When the place is required to be improved then, an organization needs to
manufacture the best among all the alternate foundations.
In words of Palència (2014, p.100), better partner engaging quality is likewise liable to get pulled
in when the organisations are probably going to make the health and care. Likewise, there is a
decent probability of choosing a preferable representative faithfulness and a social place where
the organisation which will assist in converting the retainer ability and searcher capacity. In this
manner, they have to provide better practices as well as services which will provide a positive
impact on business entity.

3.3 Discussing the changes that could be made to improve the health and wellbeing of
individuals in a health or social care setting
Changing lifestyle is needed to bring about health and social well-being of the community. By
shifting their attitudes towards the healthy attitude. This is the first step to ensuring a better and
improved health and social care. In words of Sandberg et al. (2014, p.1975), the care pertaining
to the elderly and the children invokes attitude which can be detrimental to the betterment of
conditions and services that are provided in organisational health care environment. Attitudes
like short temperateness or impatience shown by the carer should be minimised in order to gain
the trust and making the treatment process much more comfortable for the patient.
According to Kondilis et al. (2013, p.975), dieting practices that are existent in the current
society also needs to undergo a serious makeover and it should become a combination of both,
nutrition as well as health. These dieting practices can be useful to convince the health and care
objectives to the patients as well as the care workers who work in collaboration with these
patients to achieve the. Training and other such practices can help in reducing the chances and
vulnerability of getting infected by future diseases and at the same time inhibiting their spread.
3.4 Evaluating activities that can be implemented to encourage behaviour change
As observed by Price et al. (2014, p.550), behavioural changes cannot be brought by simply
asking people to change. Conducting activities or special acts can influence the people to change
their behaviour such as enlightening the people about the various details pertaining to a disease
or ailment. This can help the society too has a better understanding of the causes of the disease
and the sufferings of the individuals. Bringing in the people of different regions and sects to of
common platform where they can showcase their faulty thought process towards a particular
disease can help the myths to be busted and help in saving lives.
As highlighted by Haywood et al. (2015, p.1070), better working environment and working
standards helps in motivating as well as promoting a healthy work space. This could result in
decreasing the amount of stress and other related psychological issues which are responsible for
various diseases when observed from an objective perception and these activities can be helpful
implementing and encouraging of behavioural changes.
Conclusion
The private and public authorities that are involved in health and social care organisations have a
crucial role to play in maintaining public health by treating and eliminating diseases such as
HIV, Ebola, mad cow and obesity. These diseases may be infectious or non-infectious and their

treatment will be dependent upon the way these diseases have been categorised. In the current
report, the various implications of diseases on a society and their impact on the services provided
by the health and social care organisations have been analysed. The report also analyses the
various psychological and mental aspects which are involved in propagation or spreading of a
disease and how it can be effectively mitigated.

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