Principles of Health and Social Care: A Comprehensive Report

This report delves into the principles of Health and Social Care (HSC), examining the application of support principles, procedures for protecting clients, and the advantages of a person-centered approach. It analyzes the implementation and impact of policies, legislation, regulations, and codes of practice within the HSC context. The report further explores the impact of social processes on service users, evaluates the effectiveness of inter-professional working, and assesses the roles, responsibilities, and accountability within HSC. It also addresses ethical dilemmas faced by care workers, such as freedom versus safety and the importance of informed choices. The report uses case studies to illustrate the practical application of these principles and provides recommendations for improving practices to meet good practice requirements.

PRINCIPLES OF HSC
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
1.1 Application of principle of support in HSC practice.............................................................3
1.2 Procedures for protecting clients from harm.........................................................................3
1.3Analyzing advantages of using person centered approach with users of HSC.......................4
1.4 Stating the ethical dilemma....................................................................................................5
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
2.1 Implementing policies, legislation, regulation and codes of practices..................................5
2.2 Development of local policies and procedure in accordance with national policy
requirement..................................................................................................................................6
2.3Evaluating impact of policy, legislation, regulation and codes of practices...........................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
3.1 Theories of health and social care practices..........................................................................7
3.2 Impact of social processes in HSC in diverse society............................................................8
3.3 Evaluating effectiveness of inter professional working.........................................................8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................9
4.1 Roles, responsibilities, accountability and duties for working within or outside HSC.........9
4.2 Evaluating own contribution to the development and implementation of HSC
organizational policy....................................................................................................................9
4.3 Making recommendations to develop own contribution in meeting good practice
requirement ...............................................................................................................................10
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11
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ILLUSTRATION INDEX
Illustration 1: Change management model......................................................................................8
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INTRODUCTION
The principle of health and social care consists of set of specific rules and regulations by
which patients are provided with right kind of care. It can create standards for the present report
which is based on number of case studies where patients are having health issues. In this regard,
principles of support that are applied to ensure individual care are explained. Further, procedure
for protecting clients, patients and colleagues from harm has also been mentioned. In addition to
this, policies, regulations and codes of practices are specified by which service providers can
deliver the services in an effectual manner. Furthermore, impact of social processes on users of
health and social care is explained by which their care can be taken effectively.
TASK 1
1.1 Application of principle of support in HSC practice
There are several principles of support which need to be considered at the time of
providing services to patients. It consists of choice, respecting diversity and dignity. Along with
that privacy and Independence are also the key principles.
 Informed choices-Here, service providers give options to users. According to the given
case, Angela, care workers decided to amend care plan of Ahmed without discussing with
Sylvia (Alakeson, 2013). It affected Sylvia's situation to a great extent because she was
informed about this. Further, Independence has also not been focused because both of
them (Ahmad and Sylvia) were suffering from disease. Apart from this, Sylvia feels that
she can no longer trust Angela as she did not discuss about the changed care plan with
her. Also, she thought that both Angela and her children are undermining her role in
carding for Ahmed.
 Communicate among users- Furthermore, respecting diversity depicts that management
of care home show respect for all its patients as well as service providers. In addition to
this, privacy is maintained by keeping record of patients effectively (Bernard, 2013).
Under this, Sylvia was not informed about the shifting of Ahmad to another place and
when she came to know for the same (Principles in HSC Practice, 2013). At that time she
became upset. It depicts that she was not provided detail information regarding reason
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behind shifting of Ahmad to care home. Instead of accepting the decision Sylvia
misunderstood that her role is undermined. Here, no any information of service users are
provided to third party without taking prior approval. However, in the given case study,
respect is shown for diversity owing to both service users is getting good quality of
services. In addition to this, they should also be provided information regarding their
treatment and for making informed choices.
 Support for using technology for self care-The principle of support also states that
services users should be supported for using equipment effective for their self care.
However, their safety must be considered while informing them for the use of assertive
technology. As per the given case study, Sylvia has hearing impairment and communicate
with other by using sign language only (Dunning, 2008). Here, it is very important for
Angela to provide effective technology which support Sylvia to listen others and
understand what they are saying. Similarly, the same can be applicable on Ahmad also
because he is suffering from Alzheimer. Here, assertive technology will help him to
differentiate between day and night.
1.2 Procedures for protecting clients from harm
There are several procedures by which clients can be protected from harm. In consists of
several procedures such as clean environment, protection of medicine and other related activities.
According to the give case study, Ahmed is suffering from Alzheimer and he is also not aware of
the differences in day and night. In this regard, his care plan is amended for Ahmed so that he
can shift to care home. Along with that, medicines are preserved effectively which keep patients
safe from any kind of infection (Stretch, 2012). On the other hand, cleaning department work
well by which suffers find clean surrounding and can get well soon. Furthermore, ward of
serious patients is kept aside by which normal patients or service users can be protected. Apart
from this, patients like Ahmed are supported by experienced carers. It proves to be effective to
ensure safety and well being of patients. Furthermore, effective techniques are used such as
person centered approach so that vulnerable people' safety can be ensured from any kind of
harm. In addition to this, health budget are prepared from care home in order to provide safety
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for those who cannot afford the services of care home. In this regard, they are provided services
at home (Lloyd and Marjorie, 2010).
Furthermore, detail information of clients is stored with confidentiality in order to ensure
safety of a person or service users. At this juncture,it is very important for care workers to not
share any private information of clients to any other third party. However, in case of urgency
information can be provided to third by party only by taking prior information. It facilitate to
secure to right of users and provide good environment as well as services. For example, Ahmad
will be admitted in care home. At that time it is very important for service providers to keep all
related information of client with proper security. It will be done by using effective source of
data recording such Information Communication Technology. Such kind of effective technology
makes it possible for corporation to store data effectively. This in turn their personal information
will be not be disclosed to third party. Security system need to be implemented to check
unauthorized access to the data pertaining to medical condition of Ahmad and Sylvia.
Furthermore, sharing of documents related to patients among staff members also need to be
stored with proper security so as to stop disclosing information in front of third party. In addition
to this, Ahmad need to be provided personal cater taker who protect him from harm (Macfarlane
and et. al., 2009). For example Ahmad is not able to differentiate among day and night where
care taker will be there to take his care in night as well. Apart from this, Sylvia should be treated
with care and her requirement can be assessed by service providers effectively. On the other
hand, Angela can also be protected by harm by keeping safe environment of care home.
However it is the prime responsibilities of management.
1.3Analyzing advantages of using person centered approach with users of HSC
The person centered approach refers to method to provide services on the basis of
informed choices. Under this approach clients or patients are provided services according to their
preferences. It aids to develop confidence as well as trust among them towards care workers.
This in turn generate positive attitude among them which leads to recover their health in less
time span. This approach is applied with proper consultation in the present of service users and
his/her family members. Here, they are provided the detail information regarding treatment to be
provided to them. On the basis of given case both Sylvia and Ahmed requires effective care.
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However, they do not want to go at care home. In this regard they need services at home only.
Furthermore, person centered approach enables services providers to provide all the information
to both Ahmed and Sylvia. Although, case depicts that care plan was amended without providing
information to both service users (Dunning, 2008). It creates a negative perception about the
service providers. This in turn affect overall situation of patients to a great extent. Furthermore,
person centered approach consider several factors such as personal needs, wants and desires and
goals. The benefits of person centered approach has been explained as follows- Improve quality of life-Person centered approach generates positive attitude among
patients like Sylvia and Ahmed because informed choices are made. It is also helpful to
build good relationship with sufferers and services providers that aid to improve quality
of life. This is because patients are provided information for their treatment and their
views are also considered while rendering services. For example, Sylvia is provided
information regarding shifting of Ahmad with mutual consent then it would be better for
her to manage the situation (Lloyd and Marjorie, 2010). Also, here she can be treated in
better manner as her responsibilities will be reduced to a great extent. Also, Ahmad will
get services as per own preferences which aid to improve their quality of life. Here,
quality of life refer to changes in their present situation by which they can easily have
normal life with less complicated situations. Less agitation-This forces nurses to take interest in patients and provide them services
accordingly to their own desire and wants. It enables Angela to feel less rushed and more
tolerant to behavior of client (Nordgren, 2011).
 Improve self esteem and sleep patterns-By adopting person centered approach Ahmed
and Sylvia can get freedom to express their views which helps to reduce feeling of
anxiety, anger and grief. It aids to improve their sleep pattern that affect their health
condition in positive manner.
1.4 Stating the ethical dilemma
Ethical dilemma creates confusion among services providers at workplace. It forces them
to take right decision on the basis of specified criteria. According to the give case study, both
Sylvia and Ahmed decided not to go at care home. However, Angela found that taking care of
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Ahmed is becoming tough task due to his increasing problems. However, she need to consider
the standard principle for respecting the decisions of individual but critical situation of Ahmed
forced her to change his care plan (Principles in HSC Practice, 2013). It may create negative
attitude among Ahmed as he already decided to stay at home and being cared by Sylvia. In this
regard, Angela did want to disappoint her patients but being care workers he has to take decision
for well being of both patients. However, both aspect are right from the perspective of patients
and care home. This is because Ahmed and Sylvia did not want to go at care home but can access
services at home. On the other hand, care home must ensure that they keep their patients safe
from any kind of harm but condition of Ahmed can be harmful for Sylvia also. This was the
main reason to change care plan of Ahmed. Another example of ethical dilemma which may be
faced by care workers are; freedom vs safety and risk vs independency. Along with that, choices
vs confidentiality. For example, a person or service user has right to select the treatment as per
own desire but it is prime responsibility of care workers to provide services by considering
freedom as well as safety of patients.
TASK 2
2.1 Implementing policies, legislation, regulation and codes of practices
The policies and legations as well as codes of practices are the effective aspect by which
a care home provides services in an effectual manner. According to the give case study, Rachel
was searching for right care home where she can get better treatment and care for her mum.
However, it was not easy to search such as kind of care home. In this regard, government
imposes several kind of regulations and codes of practices like Health and Social Care Act, 2012
and Nursing and Midwifery council (NMC). Here, NMC sets standard for education, training and
performance by which midwives and nurses can make their career in working for HSC (Rivers,
and Glover,2008). Furthermore, Nursing and Midwifery Council plays vital role in providing
care to patients like Rachel's mum (Regulation of Health and Social Care Professionals, 2015).
In addition to this, Codes imposed by Care Quality Commission assists local care homes to
provide services to service users on the basis of certain standards. With this, Patients like
Rachel's mum can get best quality of services as she already capable to pay for the services. The
NMC also aids to regulate hospital and other health care settings. It contributes towards
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maintaining quality standards (Nursing & Midwifery Council, 2015). Apart from this, Equality
Act, 2010 support both service users and care workers so they cannot be discriminated on the
ground of region, ethnicity and race. It aids to provide equal respect for all members and protect
their right to access good quality of services and for care workers work with confidence
(Equality Act 2010, 2016). Furthermore, Data Protection Act ,1998 is made for secured storage
of collected data regarding the service users and staff. According to this, no any party can
provide personal information of client to any third party. They must store the information with
confidentiality (Data Protection Act 1998, 2016). Both of these act show that Sylvia and Ahmad
have equal right to make informed choices for accessing services from care home. Also, care
home need to keep their information with confidentiality. Also, all personal data will be kept
with confidentiality when he will be moved to care home (The Equality Act 2010, 2016).
2.2 Development of local policies and procedure in accordance with national policy requirement
The development of local policies and procedures are generally based on national policy
requirement. For example, The Care Act, 2014 assists that management of care home need to
ensure that all service users are provided timely care in accordance with their requirement.
Similarly, plan is made for those who can or cannot afford the services of care home. However,
Rachel's mum is paying for services which she require. The main require for her just to get good
care home. Further, local authorities are responsible to promote individual well being by
protection of abuse and neglect. Similarly, authority makes sure about the preventing needs for
care and support from adults (Macfarlane and et. al., 2009). Apart from this, detail information is
also provided in society by which people can be aware of health and safety. Also, diversity and
quality in provision of services are promoted so that all individual are treated with respect and
dignity. Here, Rachel's mum will get good environment where she is treat with respect and
dignity. This will help her to stay free of tension and get his best care at care home. It aids to
boost morale of care workers and provide best care in an effectual manner. Furthermore, national
authorities take into account the national policy by which all people of society can access to good
quality of services. It enables them to get right to work; get education and live independently.
Similarly, local policies are also made to provide free of charge services and awareness about the
health issues. It contributes in promoting healthy life style which in turn reduces need of care
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home. In addition to this, Care Standard Act, 2000 which has prime aim to reform the
regulations and law related to inspection and regulation of several care institution. Furthermore,
it includes children homes, independent hospitals and residential care homes as well as nursing
homes. These all helps to protect patients like Rachel's mum and provide her better quality of
services. All these prove to be effective in catering need or clients of services users effectively
and support them to a great extent (Care Standards Act 2000, 2016).
2.3Evaluating impact of policy, legislation, regulation and codes of practices
The regulatory policies have both positive and negative impact on the performance of
health and social care. Further, the policies and regulations set limitations for the local authorities
to work in the set boundaries. It assists the management to health and social care to treat all the
patients with respect and contribute in the direction of well being of society. Further, codes of
practices integrate the workforce or nursing staff to deliver good quality of services to sufferers.
At this juncture, Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 is also imposed by the government by
which employees or staff members are provided with safety at workplace (VanVactor, 2013).
This aspect of organization determine the well being of care workers so they can ultimately
protect right of patients like Rachel's mum. Furthermore, Care Quality Commission is assigned
for the protection of individual. It makes possible for government or regulatory authorities to
inspect the services in an effectual manner and also implement the changed plan, if require. In
addition to this, codes of practices are helpful in bringing improvement at workplace as well as
in removing issues that are being faced by community members. Apart from this, compliance of
regulatory framework is an effective means for government to set subsidy criteria by which
performance of care home can be measured in an effectual manner (Price, 2006). In addition to
this, Nursing and Midwifery Council set the effective regulation for the protection of patients
suffering from health issues. Here, mother of Rachel's get best care as she is also paying for his
care. It will protect Rachel's mum by regulating hospitals, health care assistants and set the level
of staffing.
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TASK 3
3.1 Theories of health and social care practices
There are several kinds of theories which help manage and develop employees at
workplace. Here, Freud's psychosexual development shows that human personality is shaped
from childhood. He stated that personality stated to exist in the age of five and after that frequent
development take place according the influence of behavior. At the completion of all the stages
of psychosexual a person gets healthy personality (Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development,
2015). It enables individual to learn from experience and become expert at the time of career
development. On other hand, managing change is also the crucial task which is made possible by
the help of implementation of change management theory of Kurt Lewin (Morris and et. al.,
2005). It is based on three stages such as unfreezing, implementing change and refreezing. Here,
at first staff members of care home are motivated to implement the change and they are provided
information related to need of change.
(Source: Cheung-Judge and et.al., 2011)
Apart from this, stress management is also an effective method by which an individual or
staff members are motivated to work with concentration. For example, Sara is working in HSC
and facing issue related to manage to work on right time. This is because of high demand of
services and less guidance by management. In this regard, she can talk to immediate supervisor
for managing her work and define her roles and responsibilities in an effectual manner.
Furthermore, management can also impart training by which she can effectively meet demand of
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Illustration 1: Change management model

products and services (Brown, Tucker, Domokos, 2003). In addition to this behavioural social
work is also the effective practices which are used by care workers in providing services to large
number of patients. It consists of factors like trial-and-error, learned responses and instinctual
responses. It facilitates to assess the detail of psychological state of services users and
accordingly staff workers respond them. Thus behavioual social work is the effective way ot
assists a person who is using services with particular issue.
In addition to this theory of elisabeth could be applied to manage the change for services
users. It consists of five step where the first one is denial under which users generally refuse to
accept the reality related to loss of close family members and divorce etc. However, it quite
natural where one become locked and cannot manage the situation (Elisabeth kübler-ross - five
stages of grief, 2016). The second step is of anger where users tend to be angry with others who
are close to them. Furthermore, the third step is of bargaining under which users seek for the
negotiation or compromise. This step is taken by service providers towards users by making
them understand that what is done is done. After that, the next step is of depression under which
users make small efforts to accept the reality. Furthermore, under this stage people tend to
become sad and estimate uncertainty in every situation but at least try to accept the reality. In
addition to this, acceptance is the last stage where users manage their grief and try to move
ahead in their life. Thus, this theory of change management need to be used by service providers
for users.
3.2 Impact of social processes in HSC in diverse society
The social processes have direct impact on the individual living in the society. It consists
of poverty, social exclusion and unemployment. This is because diversity society include number
of individual who belong to different community, religion and ethnicity. However, their income
status and life-style also differ from each other. For example, many of vulnerable people are
excluded from the society because cannot afford the services of HSC. Society also do not
provide an opportunity to them with their inclusion in social activities. Similarly, poor people are
excluded from the society. It creates barriers in getting good quality of services. Furthermore,
unemployment takes place just because of unequal distribution of income and lack of education
and other related to facilities of general community (Alakeson, 2013). For example,
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