Health and Social Care Assignment: Understanding Specific Needs

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UNDERSTANDING SPECIFIC NEEDS IN
HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................................3
LO1..............................................................................................................................................................4
1.1............................................................................................................................................................4
1.2............................................................................................................................................................5
1.3............................................................................................................................................................6
LO2..............................................................................................................................................................7
2.1............................................................................................................................................................7
2.2............................................................................................................................................................8
2.3............................................................................................................................................................9
LO3............................................................................................................................................................10
3.1..........................................................................................................................................................10
3.2..........................................................................................................................................................11
3.3..........................................................................................................................................................12
LO4............................................................................................................................................................13
4.1..........................................................................................................................................................13
4.2..........................................................................................................................................................15
4.3..........................................................................................................................................................16
CONCLUSION.............................................................................................................................................17
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................................18
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INTRODUCTION
This assignment will understand the specific needs of the individual that vary from person to
person in health care organization. We will study the concept of health, disability, illness and
behaviour in detail. We will discuss the case of Tom, who has been suffering from a mental
disorder and has been died due to both mental and adult care professionals were failed to
perceive him as a weak adult. The need for Tom has changed over time. There are various
behavioural and biological interventions can be used to treat the patient with a specific need.
The UK government has made various laws, policies legislation in order to fulfil the need of the
person with a disability. We will discuss the different concept of challenging behaviour which is
most commonly shown by the individual with a mental health disorder. It has been seen that
challenging behaviour may have various impact on health and social care organization.
Sometimes it could affect to deliver the service to the individual with specific needs.
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LO1
1.1
The health of an individual can be defined as a complete state of physical, mental and social
wellbeing without the absence of any disease. It can be also defined as a good feeling of a
person. Health can be characterized by anatomical, physiological and psychological integrity of
the individual. An individual can be said to be healthy if he could be able to maintain any
mental, social, physical and emotional challenges in his daily life. Health can be considered as a
dynamic condition that may be due to constant adjustment and adaptation in response to
environmental change.
Disability of the individual can be explained as any physical impairment which leads to
restriction of activities. Disability can be mental, cognitive, intellectual, developmental, and
physical or it can be a combination of others (Riekert et al., 2013). Disability can be present
since birth or it could be acquired with time. It is common in elders and youngster. It has been
seen that disability could change the individual behaviour and hence affect the re1uirent and
needs of the individual.
Illness can be considered as a period of sickness or disease that may lead to a negative impact
on mind and body. Illness can be the feeling of being unwell or sick (Aveyard, 2014). However,
illness is paying a crucial role in diagnosis the sickness or disease. The symptoms of the illness
include dizziness, tremor, diarrhoea, chest pain, anxiety or blurred vision.
The behaviour of the individual can be explained as a way or trend that someone can conduct
oneself towards others. Behaviour can be innate or it can be acquired with time (Curtis, 2013).
It can be represented as a way of act. In the given case scenario of Tom, it has been seen that
the behaviour of the health care professional towards his health was unpredictable and
uncooperative which could lead to the death of tom.
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1.2
The individual with specific or special needs in the care sector required special care and attention. The
individual with any disability required assistance in order to perform their daily routine task (Curtis and
Burn, 2015). It has been seen that Tom has been suffering from a mental disorder and hence required
special care and assistance to perform his task but it has been noticed in health and social care sector,
no assistance or support is being provided to him who could affect the health of Tom (Curtis and Burn,
2015). In various health care organization, the person with any disability has been treated very badly
and their needs and requirement have not being fulfilled which could affect the health of the user.
However, with time such type of practice is changed and hence health care professionals are taking
more concern towards the health of people with disability (Moorhead et al., 2013). The main focus of
care sectors should be the safety of the user and health care sector have a responsibility to provide and
assistance and support to the person with any kind of disability. For better strategy or plan, the health
care professional should understand the need and requirement of the user because the needs and
requirement can vary from individual to individual and has been depending on the disability or illness
(Dickinson and O'Flynn, 2016). In the case of Tom, his condition has been changed over time and hence
needs and the requirement has been changed over time. He cannot be able to perform his daily routine
task by itself and hence health care sectors have a responsibility to provide assistance so that he could
be able to maintain his health (Dickinson and O'Flynn, 2016).
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1.3
There are various legislative and social policies that are playing a crucial role in controlling
health services in the health and social care organization (Boulware et al., 2016). The Uk
government has proposed various laws and policies for the person with the disability in order to
provide a full opportunity as normal people have. The government has formulated various laws
such as mental act 1983, Educational Needs and Disability Act 2001, Disability Discrimination
Act and Equality Act 2006.
The Mental Act 1983, tell the individual with mental health disorders about their rights
regarding the treatment in the community, assessment and treatment in health and social care
organization and pathways into the hospital that could be criminal and civil (Waughray, 2014).
The government has proposed equality act 2010 which state that equal treatment should be
provided to everyone with any discrimination of race, caste, sex, age, gender or any disability
(Johnstone, 2012). There should be provided equal opportunities for all people. Toms has not
received equal treatment in health and social care sectors and hence which could affect his
health. under the educational needs and disability act 2001 which state that people with any
disability should be provided proper education and knowledge in order to growth and
development and for their betterment in their life (Australian Human Rights Commission,
2016). Equal knowledge should be provided to everyone. However, if any health and social care
organization is not following these laws and policies, the patient has the rights to file a
complaint against the organization. The government or various external agencies can take strict
action against health and social care organization. This could affect the reputation and broad
building of the organization (Australian Human Rights Commission, 2016).
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LO2
2.1
The care need of people with specific or special needs depends on disability or any illness. This
includes sincere support and care and to supervise in a daily routine task (Boulware et al.,
2016). People who are suffering from any physical or mental disability required proper support
and care and special treatment in order to improve the health of the individual. The needs of
the person with a disability are physical, mental, social, and emotional. It has been seen that
the needs can vary from one other (Boulware et al., 2016). Tom should be provided with a
separate room and assistance so that his daily routine task could be performed. The health and
social care sector have a main focus towards the health of the user and to provide proper care
and support regardless of any financial or socioeconomically conditions. In order to maintain
the health and wellbeing of the individual, first thing to know about the needs of service user
such as physical needs, mental needs or any disability which can be cured by medicine (Brach et
al., 2012). The health care professional should have a responsibility to take care of the service
user and to fulfil their needs. Intensive care should be provided to those patients who are
suffering from chronic illness or depression. The health care organization could provide various
activities in order to improve his health such as meal preparation, medical assistance and a
reminder, bathing and hygiene, supervise the daily routine task, perform physical exercise,
transportation facilities, and medicine on time and provide mental support to the patient
(Ventola, 2014).
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2.2
People with a disability or special needs are mostly devoid of various facilities and hence the
special arrangements are required for specific need individual. The health and social care
organization need to improve their infrastructure, staff, machinery and equipment so that the
quality of services should be provided to the people with disability (Ventola, 2014). In the UK,
there are numerous resources and facilities are available for people with a disability or require
specific needs. Various private and public sectors are available in the UK that is providing
services and care to the person with special needs. Other than this, health care practitioner can
adopt various ways in order to encourage and motivate people to boost up their confidence
level to fight against any disability or illness (Ventola, 2014). Counselling is a crucial step that
addresses this. It can build up a confidence level among the service user. It has been seen that
mental disorder patient is being isolated from the family or friends and hence counselling can
help to build up a confidence level (Campbell and Oliver, 2013).
The person with a disability or specific needs required proper advice and guidance in order to
improve the mental and physical health of the user. The various training and awareness session
has been conducted that has main to teach the service user to how to maintain their health and
how the daily task can be performed (Campbell and Oliver, 2013). Besides this, these programs
are being conducted to know the health status of the people with disability. The health and
social care sectors have conducted special education need program that team disable people to
how to maintain a healthy lifestyle. The personal development plan is being made by the health
care professional so that the basic need of the individual must be fulfilled and they would be
able to adjust in the communities in a normal an easy way (Campbell and Oliver, 2013).
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2.3
The UK government has provided many health and social care scheme for the individual
suffering from disability or illness. These schemes are running in various private and public
sectors that have the main aim of provided quality treatment to the person with specific needs
so that their health could be improved (Abuse, 2013). In the UK, several day centres are running
in order to promote the health of the individual for those are suffering from mental disorders.
National health services is one of the most leading organization in the UK that are providing
variety of services such as long term health care, primary care, mental care, maternity care,
ophthalmology and dentistry at very low cost or free of cost for the people with specific needs
and for those who are not able to afford health care services (Marsella and White, 2012).
A wheelchair can be provided to the person for those who have undergone hip surgery and
cannot mobile their leg, this could help them to live an easy life. Various rehabilitation centres
have been provided for the substance misuse person in order to change their psychology and to
induce positive behaviour among them (Marsella and White, 2012). NHS is working with local
communities in order to improve the health and service user and to fulfil the need of the
person with a disability. The advice and guidance are very important for the person with
specific needs (Davis, 2016). The health and social care sectors have a responsibility to provide
a safe, hygiene, secure and friendly environment for the people with specific needs and their
mental, physical, social and emotional needs should be prioritized (Goodley, 2016). The workers
who are providing specific need to the service user should be given training so that they would
be able to handle the situation and should be performing the daily routine task of the service
user. It can be said that based on good facilities, resources, infrastructure and staff are being
available in health care sectors, they would take care of Tom and could be provided good
facilities can help to live longer and improve his health and wellbeing status (Campbell and
Oliver, 2013).
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LO3
3.1
Health care sectors are providing various approaches and interventions in order to support the
people with specific or special needs such as guardianship, empowerment, share responsibility,
self-help, informed choice and direct action (Campbell and Oliver, 2013). Empowerment can be
explained as improving the capability of the individual in order to improve decision making
choice. Guardianship can be defined as an approach which provides protection to the people
with the disability or specific needs. Intervention can be explained as a combination of
strategies that can be used to improve the health status and change the behaviour of the
individual in society (Moos, 2012). The various interventions that can be used for the people
with specific needs are cognitive behavioural therapy, primary prevention, secondary
prevention, tertiary prevention, drug therapy, diagnosis and treatment planning.
Cognitive behavioural therapy can be used to change the behaviour of the individual and induce
positive behavior (Wong et al., 2013). This therapy is used for the individual who is substance
misuse in order to change the psychology of the people. Alternative and augmentative
communication is used for people with learning or speech disability. In this type of
communication, an individual can be able to share their thought and feeling without speaking
(Wong et al., 2013). Physical intervention can also be tried in which various activities can be
included such as watching the person how he is able to handle aggression and frustration on a
given situation and to teach them how to react calmly instead of breaking things and self-
hurting (Wichers, 2014). Tom has been suffering from a mental disorder and he has found to be
walking naked in the street and screaming and shouting very frequently. The counselling should
be provided so that he could be able to manage his anger and frustration (Tarrier and Johnson,
2015).
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3.2
The effectiveness of various interventions strategies for people with special or specific needs is
depends on the services provided for them. A health care sector has made several intervention
strategies in order to fulfil the needs of the user with specific needs (LaVigna and Willis, 2012).
The main aim of this intervention is to promote.
It has been seen that behavioural and communication intervention is found to be very effective
for the individual with specific needs a good and effective communication can remove most of
the obstacles that are coming while delivering the services to the person with specific needs
(LaVigna and Willis, 2012).
The biomedical intervention can also be tried to improve the health of the user with specific
needs. This intervention can help to improve the immune dysfunction, detoxification
abnormality, gastrointestinal abnormality and nutritional balance (Basinga et al., 2011).
The health care workers have a responsibility to take care of the personal and oral hygiene of
Tom. Cleaning and hygiene are very necessary in order to protect the ill effect of health since
most of the infections are being transferred due to unhygienic conditions (Brett et al., 2014).
The proper monitoring of services should be done on a regular basis. In order to manage
patients with a mental disorder, there are varieties of approaches and interventions which
include professional therapist, physiotherapist, psychological therapist, nurse health care
assistant, language and speech therapist. Multidisciplinary care is needed to manage the
patient with specific needs. This panel of a health care professional is working on their area of
specialization in order to improve the health of Tom (Brett et al., 2014).
All these interventions and strategies have a positive impact on the health of the service user. It
could lead to improve the life of the user. It has been seen that this intervention can provide
various opportunities for the person with special need in order to achieve a normal and healthy
life. The health and social care could have adopted these interventions so that the life of Tom
could be prevented (Brett et al., 2014).
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3.3
Now a day, there are several technologies are made available that would be very helpful in
order to fulfil the specific need of the service user. The new technologies and equipment are
providing full proof of care and support to the people with specific needs (Lloyd and Kennedy,
2014). Automatic wheelchairs and walking stick are very much helpful for the person who has
undergone hip surgery. With the advancement of new technology and equipment has a great
impact on the health of the user and it is found to be very beneficial for the treatment planning
of service user (Lloyd and Kennedy, 2014). There are several specific development methods
that can be used for the individual with specific needs. Rehabilitation centres that are running
across the UK have a positive impact on the health of the user. It has been seen that these
rehabilitation centres are very beneficial to changing the behaviour and psychology of the
individual. It works very nicely to protect the user form drug and alcohol (Lloyd and Kennedy,
2014).
In the UK, various sociological development has been arising that could affect the need of the
person because these are being promoted through scientific development such as technological
and medicinal development (Ahmed et al., 2010). All these factors could have a direct impact
on laws, regulation, policies, and legislation at local, national and international levels. It has
been seen that various laws, policies and legislation that has been proposed for the benefits of
the people with disability or illness can have a negative impact on the development and growth
of the service user (Ahmed et al., 2010).
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