Health and Wellbeing: Case Study Report on Harry's Health

This report presents a comprehensive case study analysis of a 58-year-old chef, Harry, admitted for hip replacement surgery and facing obesity-related health concerns. It explores the application of the transtheoretical model of change and motivational interviewing techniques to address Harry's behaviors and improve his health outcomes. The discussion highlights Harry's self-ignorance and lack of awareness regarding the severity of his condition, emphasizing the need for healthcare professionals to influence his psychological and behavioral processes. The report outlines the five principles of motivational interviewing, including empathy, discrepancy development, and self-efficacy support. It details the six stages of the transtheoretical model: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination, and how they can be applied to Harry's situation. The report emphasizes the importance of effective communication, listening skills, and the development of self-actualization to motivate behavioral changes. The conclusion reinforces the significance of carer-patient communication, empathy, and the transtheoretical model in promoting health and well-being, providing valuable insights into patient care strategies.

Running head: HEALTH AND WELLBEING
HEALTH AND WELLBEING
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Introduction
Harry is a 58-year-old chef and admitted to the surgical ward for the hip replacement
surgery. He states that he is a food lover and lives around food as he is a cooking professional.
Harry is an obese person as his weight measured up to 165 Kg and this is the concern for his
health as well. He also states that he is overweight for a long time and his doctor informed him
that the weight is affecting his health condition as well. On this context it can be stated that the
Harry is aware of his health condition however, he is not considering the effects of the
overweight he possess. Thus as the carer for him, the health care professional should be able to
impact on his psychological and behavioural processes and make him think about his physical
health with more cautiousness. In the following section the transtheoritical model of change and
motivational interviewing techniques would be demonstrated for changing Harry’s thought
process in order to develop the health and wellbeing of the patient.
Discussion
Based on the case study it can be seen that Harry is a person who loves to eat and very
much overweight. This condition of his health is affecting his health in several ways. The aspect
of the health and wellbeing is hampered by his psychological condition that is the misconception
and as he is unaware about the health issues that can arise as the co-morbidity factors of obesity.
This behavior of Harry can be referred as the self-ignorance, lack of awareness and unaware
about the severity of the disease. Hence, it is needed to inform him and try to change his
behavioural aspect for the improvement of his health outcomes. In order to change the behaviour
of the patient the carer can implement the motivational interviewing technique and
transtheoritical model of change which refers to behavioural change of an individual by six steps

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including precontemplation, contemplation, preparation or determination, action, maintenance
and termination (Prochaska, Redding & Evers, 2015).
These six steps can be achieved by the motivation and knowledge development for the
patient. Hence, it can be stated that the motivational interview should be implemented with
consideration of five principles of the process. The five principles include empathy expressing
through reflective listening, discrepancy development between the goal of the person and current
behaviour, argument and direct confrontation avoidance, adjusting to client resistance rather than
opposing him or her directly and support self efficacy and optimism of the person (Resnicow et
al., 2015). Hence, based on this technique it can be stated that Harry should be demonstrated
with the effects of the over eating and overweight on the health condition. The motivational
change can also be developed with the integrated and the intrinsic factors of the health and
wellbeing as well. It can be stated that the factor of the motivation of Harry should be able to
develop the self actualisation which is lacking for him (Ashman, Sturgiss & Haesler, 2016). In
this context it can be stated that the motivational interview technique would play a crucial role in
the improvement of the health condition of Harry (Ntoumanis et al., 2018). Health condition
refers to reducing the weight and also sustaining against the hip replacement surgery for the
better outcome (Arenson et al., 2016). Thus change of the behaviour would be dependent on the
motivation development of harry. However, the knowledge about the co-morbidities of obesity
should also be demonstrated through effective communication for highlighting the cons of the
present behaviour of Harry. Hence, the effective communication and listening skills of the carer
would be helpful in the motivation development of Harry towards reducing the malpractice
overeating (Hardy et al., 2019). Based on the motivational interview progress the transtheoritical

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model of change can be developed as six steps of the model depend on the self actualisation of
the person.
Precontemplation: In this stage target person can be ignorant and try to highlight the cons
of the change in behaviour as the person does not intend to change at all. As of the unawareness
of the negative consequences of the behaviour the person tries to adhere to the present situation
(Friman, Huck & Olsson, 2017). In Harry’s case also his liking towards food and unawareness
about the effects of obesity on the body affects his behaviour. Based on the condition of Harry it
can be presumed that he would not accept the changes as the improving aspect for his health
condition. Thus the motivational and effective communication would focus on the development
of Harry’s self actualisation.
Contemplation: In this stage it can be seen that the person accept the changes as the
awareness about the concept of the pros and cons developed through the knowledge about the
present behaviour and the change as well (Archer, Langhinrichsen-Rohling & Blejwas, 2018).
Harry also would be able to accept the aspect of the change in behaviour and reduce his love for
food if the awareness can be developed. Thus it can be referred as the most important aspect for
the development of the changing psychology for him. Hence, it can be termed as the state of
person’s mind where the motivational communication and knowledge of self actualisation
develop to impact over the mind.
Preparation or Determination: In this stage the person would be prepared for taking
action that is progress change actually. Harry would then be able to take action in future if this
stage comes into action as the behavioural change is dependent on the process of the taking the
decision of change. The effect of the motivation and the self actualisation show the impact as the
person determined to change the bad habits (Romain, Horwath & Bernard, 2018). Here, Harry

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can reduce the malpractice of overeating by the impact of the motivation provided by the carer
and also developing the self actualisation about the effects of the obesity such as diabetes, gastric
effects and also the cardiovascular effects. However, he is facing the hip replacement surgery as
the result of the overweight of his body as well.
Action: This is the stage where the person takes the behavioural change seriously and
changes the behaviour with time and also tries to focus on moving forward with this change. The
person would also realise the pros of the changes (Friman, Huck & Olsson, 2017). Harry would
be able to focus on the behavioural changes regarding the effects of the overweight and improve
his health condition along with the wellbeing after the hip replacement surgery. Based on the
determination he can take action that is reducing the eating practice of him by considering the
co-morbidities of the disease, obesity.
Maintenance: This stage the person would find the behavioural change effective for his
or her health condition and also the moving forward to maintain for the future (Romain, Horwath
& Bernard, 2018). Harry can also be able to maintain the changes for his health and wellbeing if
he can find the changes in the behaviour effective for his health outcome as well.
Termination: This stage refers to the finalisation of the change that is the person would
not even try to revert to his or her unhealthy habits that affect the health condition in past. Harry
can also reach this condition by determination and the effect of the motivation provided by the
carer (Archer, Langhinrichsen-Rohling & Blejwas, 2018).
Based on all these factors it can be stated that the skills of the carer that is listening,
effective communication and reflecting over the communication with the patient helps the carer
to motivate the patient here (James et al., 2019). The motivational interview technique would
help the carer to change the behaviour Harry towards the healthy habit that is reducing

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overeating practice (Edwards et al., 2015). Hence, it can be stated that the factor of the
transtheoritical model of change would be solely dependent on the process of the motivation and
self actualisation development in Harry. On the basis of this case it can be stated that the factor
of the effective communication and understanding the patient’s concern and behaviour towards
eating would play a key role in the change of the mentality of Harry.
Conclusion
Based on the above discussion it can be concluded that the aspect of the behavioural
change for the health and wellbeing is very much dependent on the communication between the
carer and the patient. Hence, the effective communication skills and listening skills are the key
factors that can help a carer to show empathy and also develop motivation on the patients mind.
The motivation on the other hand develops the self actualisation of the patient. The factor of the
self actualisation then helps in the process of the behavioural changes of the patient. The
behavioural change can be assessed with the help of the transtheoritical model of change which
helps the carer to reflect on the action taken by him or her. The reflection then helps in the future
development of the carer in this kind of motivation and improvement of the communication
skills as well. Thus it can be stated that Harry’s case help in the knowledge development about
the behaviours of people adhering to beliefs that actually affects their own health and also the
care process of these people as well.

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