This report analyzes the critical aspects of patient welfare culture and healthcare ethics, drawing from research on pediatric patient safety and nephrology nursing practices. It examines the importance of establishing a robust patient safety culture within healthcare organizations, emphasizing its impact on quality patient care and the reduction of adverse events. The report explores the perceptions of healthcare professionals regarding patient safety in pediatric settings, highlighting the need for enhanced training, transparent communication, and the implementation of standardized procedures to minimize errors. Furthermore, it delves into the specific challenges and solutions within nephrology nursing, emphasizing the role of communication and continuous education in fostering a patient-centered environment. The report underscores the significance of proactive measures to improve patient safety and promote a culture of accountability within healthcare settings.