Healthcare Services and Factors Influencing Health: A Report

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HEALTHCARE
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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Task 1:.............................................................................................................................................3
LO1: Examining factors influencing Health Care.......................................................................3
Lo2: Impact of health beliefs on well beings...............................................................................7
Relationship between health beliefs and illness..........................................................................7
Task 2 –Local health education initiative (LO3 and LO4)............................................................10
LO3: Relationship between the theoretical models of health education and health behaviour.10
Lo4: Health education initiative................................................................................................16
Recommendation:......................................................................................................................20
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................20
Reference.......................................................................................................................................22

Introduction
The well being of a person irrespective of gender, nationality or culture is dependent on different
factors which can change based on situations and status. One of these, important factors are
Healthcare. A person with good health can benefit in different stages of life and therefore all
necessary measures must be taken into account if ideal health is objective. However it is also
mentionable that health status depends on factors, which can change from time to time and
therefore the person having access to, effective Healthcare Solutions has more chances of leading
a more healthy life.
The study conducted above has focused on the Healthcare services and the factors that can have
influences on the health of individuals. Different situations that prevent families from accessing
desirable and effective Healthcare Solutions have been also discussed in this assignment. The
impact of health believes as well as different theoretical models of Healthcare and health
education has been discussed for better understanding of the reader. A Healthcare plan to
facilitate the case mentioned in the scenario has been also added. Further, it can be said that
Healthcare is one of the most essential resources that every population must have access to for
better standard of living.
Task 1:
LO1: Examining factors influencing Health Care
The World Health Organisation has defined health as a state which consists of total mental,
physical and social well being. Therefore, the absence of any disease does not completely qualify
as a healthy state. From the definition it can be said that health status of a particular human being

depends on different variables (Ansah et al., 2016). These variables can change from time to time
and they also have different effects on human beings. The most primary determinants of human
health status are as follows –
 The social environment surrounding the person
 The economic environment surrounding the person
 The physical environment surrounding the person
 Individual characteristics and behaviour of the person
It can be said that several of these factors are uncontrollable and therefore a person cannot be
blamed fully in terms of having an undesirable help status. Several other factors that affect the
health of a particular person are described below.
Income and Social Position– If a person is stable in terms of earning a hefty amount of money
then it is obvious that he or she will be able to support healthcare status by investing in a
desirable manner (Addison et al., 2019). If a particular family or an individual is regarded very
highly in the society then it is also obvious that they will have much more access to healthcare
services and therefore the health status will be higher than others. It is mentionable that, higher
income does not mean getting access to healthcare services regularly. An individual with her
income in certain situation can afford the better quality of services.
Education–This is regarded as one of the most essential elements that can affect the health status
of a particular human being. An individual with low education is unaware of different diseases
that can damage the state of health and it is also mentionable that a lower education standard will
result in stress and this will further diminish the health status as mental health plays an important
role (Reading et al., 2018).

Physical Environment–The physical environment of a particular person also contains different
variables and all these factors collectively can influence the healthy state of well being. An ideal
physical environment has healthy supply of water and air which are the two essentials of human
life. An individual or a family living in an environment full of pollution and limited supplies will
obviously have lower healthcare status. Physical environment also is made up of communities
where individuals have identities (George et al., 2015.). It is known to all that humans are more
comfortable in group environment and therefore an individual or a family that is separated from
larger communities will have a lower health status because of the lack of communication
regarding Healthcare and other aspects. Employment can also be an aspect related to physical
environment which will affect the health status of a person. An individual, who is not employed,
will not be able to fund his or her physical needs and therefore the chances of him or her having
a lower health status is obvious.
It is mentionable that there are different factors that cat prevent individuals or families from
accessing effective Healthcare services and this can also play a major role in there diminishing
health status (Lima et al., 2018). These factors are also consisting of elements, which are beyond
the control of individuals, and therefore Healthcare organisations and governments from time to
time must consider the factors mentioned below.
Physical Barriers –physical barriers consist of situations where a particular individual is unable
to move from a particular location to another due to his or her physical inability. People having
to move on wheelchairs, people with disabled limbs are the ones who suffer with these barriers
as travelling to a far out location for accessing Healthcare can be stressing. For an example,
people with disabilities have been found having undetected health issues as they could not attend
the Health Care Centres for accessing the modern machineries.

Psychological Barriers– these types of barriers often result from individual perceptions related
to Healthcare services. If an individual is unaware of the safety regarding accessing health
service then, he or she is found to be cautious and this can prevent the process of curing diseases.
It is very important that patients are aware of their disease and situations as this will positively
effect on the communication between patients and Healthcare professionals. As an example,
small children are afraid of going to the dentist due to the fear of pain (Lum et al., 2018). As a
result of the fear, several children have been witnessing severe dental pain in early stages.
Financial Barriers–having stable financial backup is another important factor in accessing
Healthcare. People who are unable to fund their Healthcare are found with more chances of
being diagnosed with serious diseases. This is due to their inability to access modern medicines
and Technology related to medical care. It is seen that people having a low family income
restraining from accessing Healthcare services has resulted in severe downfall of health situation.
Geographical Barriers – It is seen that individuals and families that come from a rural area are
more prone to serious Healthcare issues as the chances of them accessing a Healthcare centre
with all modern facilities is bare minimum. Therefore, geographical barriers are one of the most
important factors in people being unable to access Healthcare (Huijg et al., 2015). The cost of
travelling long distances to access the latest elements of Healthcare also negatively impacts the
financial situation of many families.
Cultural and language Barrier - Language also plays a major role in individual accessing
Healthcare. In Healthcare operations it is regularly seen that family seeking shelter in different
countries in the preliminary stages face challenges in communicating there Healthcare situations
with professionals. In a large country, that has different cultures and different languages exist,
challenges in communication can arrive in individuals or families travel to other regions for

accessing Healthcare. Ethics can come in this situation as images variable. It is obvious that
different cultures have different behavioural guidelines which believe by. If certain Healthcare
services breech those guidelines, barriers can arise (Lima et al., 2018).
Lo2: Impact of health beliefs on well beings
Relationship between health beliefs and illness
The concept and measures of treatment in the healthcare services has been improved over the
years, in most of the western countries, it is evident that the patients believe in the symptom-
based illness which lacks any underlying physical illness. It proves that there are a number of
problems related with illness and health beliefs. The lack of communication among the health
practitioners and patient can also be the cause of the symptom-based illness (Raynor and
Champagne, 2016). A number of the factors can affect the communication of the healthcare
practitioners and the patients.
Concept of illness: It has been seen that in numerous cases, the patients cannot be able to
consider psychological issues as the source of their physical illness. It is evident that even in the
western industrialized country, people are well aware of the problems that can be generated from
the psychological issues. However, in the developing countries, people are not that aware of their
psychological issues and its connection with the physical health (Navarro et al. 2017). This
problem in choosing the right path for their treatment is also affecting the general health of the
patients and the communication of the patient and the practitioner.
Cultural concept of illness: In the western countries, it is seen that the people are well aware of
the microorganisms and their effect on the human health. They also take help of the advanced
technology to diagnose and treat the problem (Ivanescu et al. 2016). It is also seen that the lack

of minimum formal education also restricts people to go to the doctor in case of any physical
problems. However, in the developing countries, it is also seen that many people go for
treatments such as naturopathy and supernatural treatment. In fact, in many Asian countries,
people do not accept the concept of mental illness and depression.
Lack of cooperation: The cooperation of the patient and the medical practitioner is required in
order to develop the right communication and to receive the right treatment. It has been seen that
in many cases, the patients are not ready to cooperate with the doctor in terms of treatment or
complaining about the path of treatment (Ogden et al. 2015). Thus, the practitioner would avoid
treating those patients.
Language problem: It can be stated that in case of the multilingual countries like India, the
problems of communication among the patients and the medical problems can be seen. In order
to treat the patients properly, the medical practitioners should have the ability to understand the
language of their patients so that the description of the problems would be clear to him. It is also
seen that in some cases, the non-verbal communication would be accepted from the medical
practitioner. However, chances of misinterpretation of that non-verbal communication are also
prevalent (Stang and Huffman, 2016). Thus, it is required that the medical practitioner should
have the ability to communicate verbally and non-verbally with the patient.
Anxiety and embarrassment: In many cases, mostly the female patients can feel embarrassed to
disclose their problems to the medical practitioner, which increases the lack of communication
between the patient and medical practitioner. On the other hand, anxiety can also come to the
way of the patient if he or she is diagnosed with any critical problem. Both of these factors have
made the problems more intense and complex for the patients and the medical practitioner as

well. Therefore, the clear direction from the medical practitioner and the nurse is required for
resolving this problem.
Reinforcement of the stereotyped behaviour: In the cases where the non-verbal communication
such as facial expression and the sign language is used, the medical practitioner can be confused
which forces him to implement the stereotyped behaviour (Batsis et al. 2016). It is the skill of the
medical practitioner to understand the problems of the patient and thus the suitable trained nurses
can be appoint who would also be resolve the language problem.
It is evident that the lack of communication within the medical practitioner and the patient can
develop problematic health condition for the patients. It is also can be seen that the development
of healthcare strategies can be affected by these above-mentioned factors and the healthcare
beliefs. In a particular locality, the help of the individuals of the area (Dietz and Gortmaker,
2016) should support the medical practitioner. In order to resolve the problems in the area and
provide the people with the best healthcare support, the medical practitioner should have the
ability to communicate with the people properly. Appointment of the trained staff nurse can also
serve the purpose, as it will help the medical practitioner and the patients to communicate.
Learning new language can be an option; however, it may be difficult for the medical
practitioner as it takes time. Therefore, the medical practitioner should be assigned with the area
where he is comfortable to communicate and know the language properly. For making the
residents of the locality to achieve better health, the cultural factor also works. It can be stated
that the cultural influence of the area should be known for the medical practitioner (Yoshida et
al. 2017). It will help him to treat the patients accordingly. In the areas where treatments such as
the spiritual power and naturopathy are mostly accepted instead of the medical treatment, the
medical practitioner should make the patients aware of those treatments primarily. Apart from

that, for making the patients comfortable with the medical treatment and reducing their anxiety
and embarrassment, it is needed that the medical practitioner take help from the trained nurse and
instruct them accordingly (Heianza and Qi, 2017). Proper use of the medical terminology also
can help to reduce the complexities related language between the patients and the medical
practitioner.
Task 2 –Local health education initiative (LO3 and LO4)
LO3: Relationship between the theoretical models of health education and health
behaviour
Section A
Introduction
The local health issue that has been chosen is the lack of physical activity and nutrition, which is
causing heart disease and diabetes. This is degrading the health culture of many children who are
becoming obese and causing several changes in eating habits. Hence, the change in eating habits
has influenced the researcher to undertake this health campaign.
For secondary research, campaign models, i.e. Health belief model was undertaken to judge the
problem of nutrition and habit of eating outside, which is leading to obesity. This model is
helping to track down the changes in the health behaviour of the individuals. For primary
research, a survey was conducted among 20 people, which was limited to the focus group to
gather data about obesity and health problems they are facing due to lack of nutrition and
physical activity (Cooke et., 2016).

The results from the survey concluded that out of 20 people, 15 have become obese and the
nutrition level has decreased to a low level. Further, these people are also not engaging
themselves on any physical activity, which is making them suffer from obesity. They are
indulging themselves more towards fast food, which is the primary cause of the lack of nutrition
in their diet. This is being supported by the previous survey, which was carried on other people
residing in the outskirts of London. The strength was around 30 people, and out of this, 30
people 90% of respondents were suffering from obesity and they have lack of nutrition level in
their daily diet. This was further backed by 20 respondents who were suffering from heart
diseases due to lack of physical activity.
Rationale
The health belief model has been chosen as the campaign model for this research that is based on
lack of physical activity and nutrition is leading to obesity among people (Tilga et al., 2018). The
model is helping as a guide to using it as a promotion and disease prevention programs among
the local peoples. It is being used to predict the changes among the health behaviours of the
individuals who are the victims of obesity. The model is widely used in order to understand the
health behaviours in the most effective way. Further, it helps in focusing on the individual health
beliefs about their prevailing health condition through which key factors related to health issues
can be identified, and a potential action plan can be prepared. Other models like the ecological
model and cognitive model are only used for deriving problems related to community and public
factors only. Another theory like the cognitive theory describes the experience of an individual
only (Gillison et al., 2019). However, the health belief model is very much different. It focuses
on the health problems faced by an individual and helps to get access to different factors, which
is mainly causing the problems. The barriers that an individual faces can be easily ascertained

which ultimately helps the social caregivers to boost their own confidence in getting success for
their health campaigns.
Aims of the initiative
The aim is described with the help of SMART objective:
Objectives Explanation
Specific The campaign is very much specific as it is
aiming to the local people who are suffering
from lack of nutrition and physical activity,
which is leading to obesity. The primary
research is focusing on to the 20 local people
who are suffering from severe health problems
(Li, Figg and Schuez, 2019).
Measurable Through the use of the health belief model, the
goal for the health campaign is measured. This
is mainly because individual care is taken
through the use of the model, which is
predicting the factors that are causing the
health problem.
Agreed upon The social caregivers have agreed to conduct
the campaign in order to eradicate the
problems and help the patients to live a better
life ahead.
Realistic The goals are very much realistic in nature as it