Effective Antenatal Care Services: Healthcare Law and Ethics Report

This report delves into the critical aspects of healthcare law and ethics concerning antenatal care services. It emphasizes the importance of implementing effective antenatal care within healthcare centers to improve the health of pregnant women and unborn children. The report analyzes various antenatal care services, including screening for anemia, eclampsia, and providing advice on danger signs during pregnancy, alongside the management of bacteriuria and proteinuria. It also discusses the legal and ethical considerations, such as the Competition Act 1998 and National Health Policy/Strategy, to ensure patient safety and the delivery of high-quality care. Furthermore, the report highlights the role of the NHS Improvement Analytics Unit in evaluating the effectiveness of antenatal care service implementations and ensuring adherence to ethical standards and legal regulations within the healthcare system. The report advocates for strategic agreements between healthcare providers and the NHS to facilitate the provision of essential antenatal care services.

Healthcare Law and
Ethics

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Healthcare law and ethics are the most important element which help healthcare professional
or patient to get better and effective healthcare service that are associated with their improved
health. Here, Antenatal care service are necessary to implement in the antenatal care centre that
can allow to get various service to improve health for the pregnant lady. This can also help in
achieving better health for the unborn child. This report is discussion about the different
antenatal care service that are effective and should be implanted nearby antenatal care centre.
There is also discussion about the implementation of some antenatal care services with centre to
reduce the risk and provide better safety at nearby location. Here, it includes different rules, laws
and regulation to provide better response to patient about the effective response.

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Health law refers to the law that deals with a different aspect of healthcare which may
include the practice of caregivers along with the rights of the patient. It is essential to take care of
the law and follow the ethics which are effective and can allow providing a better understanding
of the effective response which are associated with taking care of people for their better
healthcare services. There is a need to ensure different ethics which should be taken in
consideration for providing better and more effective healthcare services that are essential to
provide better health improvement. In this, there is a discussion about different relevant
legislation which are associated with improvement in the NHS in context to the proposed
agreements within the competitive law (Du et. al., (2020)). There is also discussion about the
different services which are necessary to provide better and more effective care to people that
can allow improving health. This may also help to include different services with different
centres which should be available to deal with better effect.
MAIN BODY
Antenatal care services refer to the services which are considered as the key element which
should be taken into consideration and have a better positive impact that may influence people
about getting those services as the health care delivery system within the country that have the
aim for a healthy society. Antenatal care refers to the care service which is generally provided to
pregnant women till the child is born. This can lead to creating a high impact on the delivery of
care services and help to avoid any risk that can lead to creating a negative health impact on
pregnant women. This can also help to improve better care and services for pregnant women for
being healthy along with a child. Antenatal care services may include the identification of
existing problems which may develop or can affect the mother or unborn baby (Acharya et. al.,
(2018)). In this, there is a need to ensure that antenatal care centres should have better and more
effective antenatal care services like screening and management for anaemia, screening for
eclampsia, providing advice against any danger signs during pregnancy, and management for
bacteriuria or proteinuria and many more.
Many antenatal care services are not available at every antenatal care centre which can lead
to creating a high impact on the delivery of care services when it is necessary. There are many
care centres where it is difficult to provide all the antenatal care services in the same place. There

is different cause due to which all the antenatal care services are not available at every centre. In
this, there is a proposal provided by the Adam which include providing different antenatal care
service within the organization that is associated with taking care of the pregnant women and
allowing them to get to access specific antenatal care services in specific care centre (John et. al.,
(2019)). This can be effective and allow pregnant women to get some specific type of antenatal
care services more effectively. In this, there is a need to follow some ethics and legislation which
can be effective and should take into consideration the effective response which can allow
providing better response towards taking care of antenatal care services in different centres.
The antenatal care centre is the service provider that provides associated healthcare service
which is effective and allows for improved health (Tekelab et. al., (2019)). This also refers to a
business where antenatal care centres are the business entity where it is needed to provide better
and different care services that can be effective and can allow improving effective response
toward taking care of better service delivery. While delivering services in the care centre there is
also a need to ensure getting approval from the government about providing such type of care
services to the public. There is a need to follow some rules and regulations which are made by
the government that is associated with taking care of better and more effective response toward
taking care of government rules.
It is also essential to make a better environment in the antenatal care centre which can be
effective and help to provide a positive feeling within the care centre (Ziblim et. al., (2018)).
Here, Competition Act 1998 can be effective where healthcare premises should not create any
type of harm to the patient and in the competition about the delivering services. Here, Adam
should take care of proper delivery of antenatal care services on the healthcare premises. It can
include prohibiting any agreement along with business practice or conduct which can have a
damaging effect on business competition. This can help to improve patient health and allow to
get better care about the effective response. There is also a need to follow the legislation that is
National Health Policy/Strategy that is effective and allows to provide a better understanding of
the effective response. This can help to implement the health policy objective sin to action
through use or requirement within the healthcare system. Implementing the national health
policy, it can allow for following the rights, rules and regulations within the organization which
are associated with improving the care services quality for better health improvement.

Health and social care service providers include the business where it is essential to follow
the ethical law and concerns that should be taken into consideration about the better response
towards implementing some specific service. To implement some specific antenatal care
services, there is a need to ensure about providing better and more effective implementation of
some specific care services in the care centre. It is essential to follow business ethics and law in
the health and social care business. Here, the undertaking can be included which encompasses
about every entity should get engaged in regardless of legal status with economic activity which
includes the way of financing. Here, Adam should submit an undertaking to adopt some
antenatal care services which allows them to take legal action against Adam’s care center when
there is illegal activity observed. This can help to provide security for the appearance of the
defendant.
There is various type of services which including in the health and social care in which it is
needed to get some follow-up and may focus on the better and effective use of resources and law
for effectively implementing care services (Maluka et. al., (2020)).
There is some legislation that should be taken into consideration that can help to cover
different types of laws that are made by the governing body. Here, NHS is the public healthcare
system that is highly effective and can provide different healthcare services to the patient for
their better and improved health. Here, Adam’s proposal is about providing antenatal care
services which include some types of care services within the healthcare centre. Adams has
proposed an idea about providing antenatal care services within a large population that are
effective and lead to creating a high impact on the providing some specific antenatal care
services to some specific centre. This can allow pregnant women and healthcare professionals to
provide effective care services for taking care of unborn babies and mothers.
Here, Adam should make some agreement with NHS to implement some antenatal care
services in a care centre. In this, making some agreement can help to provide mutual assent and
make professional boundaries to implement specific care services legally. Applying some
agreement, it can allow providing some restrictions over the business follow-up. In this, it may
also lead to making some restrictions about implementing some policies and patient choice about
getting some specific antenatal care service of their choice.
NHS is the public healthcare system in which there are many stakeholders and governing
bodies. To make any decision, there is some ethical law that needs to follow by the governing

body that can help in getting a better and more effective response towards taking care of
pregnant women and their unborn babies (England et. al., (2019)).
Providing the proposal about implementing some antenatal care services in the centre can
allow delivering better and more effective responses which are associated with ensuring
performing some law and ethical way that allow implementation of the antenatal care services
within the centre.
Here, the NHS improvement analysis unit has the role to get involved in the situation to get
ensure the effectiveness of the proposal that can allow getting those services for better
improvement in patient health (Lin et. al., (2021)). Here, the Improvement Analytics unit
includes the partnership between NHS England health foundations that are involved in providing
robust analysis that can be effective and allow for an improvement of NHS care services for
better and effective health improvement. They are the unit that can be effective that can help in
getting better and more effective response where they are having the ability to get ensure about
the implication of care services that are associated to the local programs that have an impact on
improving efficiency and quality of care. They are having the responsibility to get ensure about
taking care whether the local care service provider can provide better and more effective
healthcare services to their patient or not. They need to also ensure the effectiveness of the
program that is helpful and needed to take care of an effective response for improvement in the
healthcare services which include the antenatal care services to pregnant women for their care
(England et. al., (2020)).
The Improvement Analytics Unit (IAU) refers to the unique partnership between the NHS
improvement, NHS England and the health foundation that is effective and able to evaluate the
local initiatives which are taken by the healthcare service providers can support patients for their
better health or not. They are having some different roles where the main role is to get ensure
about the implementation of healthcare service within the care centre has a positive response or
not. Here, Improvement Analytics Unit has the aim to fill the gap by providing robust evaluation
that can be effective and can make complex changes that can lead to support the development of
an effective and strong healthcare system. There is a need to ensure about taking care about
effective development in the healthcare services within the care centres. It also has the aim to
ensure identifying the outcomes for a patient which include the following introduction through

taking new initiative and identifying the possibility with reason. It also has the aim to improve
the NHS service quality (Ferrell et. al., (2021)).
It also includes the strengthening of the robustness of evidence that is available to inform
national policy development. Through understanding the aim and objective of the NHS
improvement unit, it allows getting understand about the reason which can be effective to
provide an allowance for using their roles and responsibility that can help in getting better
development of the care centre through implementing some of the antenatal care services within
specific care centre. Here, the Improvement Unit can get that there is a large population that can
be effective and allows to achieve better outcomes through implementation of those services
within the organization or care centre. There is also a need to get ensure whether Adam’s
proposal should be accepted or not by evaluating the effectiveness of the healthcare services
response towards the delivery of better and more effective care that can help in improved care for
pregnant women's health (Walz et. al., (2018)).
Applying the NHS improvement unit, it can allow providing better and more effective
responses towards ensuring improving the healthcare services within the care centre. Adam has
proposed the implementation of the antenatal care services within the care centre that may
include some specific care services and other care services that should be implemented by
another antenatal care centre. This can be effective and allow to improve better and effective
response towards the care of patient health and allow to get better development in care services.
Implementing some of the specific antenatal care services within the care centre can help to
improve the quality of care provision in the antenatal care centre. There is a need to get ensure
the improved quality of care services within the care centre that can help a large number of
pregnant women in achieving better health and care for themselves and their unborn child. Here,
the Improvement Unit includes the assure about the implementation of care services which are
associated with improving better and more effective responses to deliver quality care services
that can help in improving pregnant women's health (LeBaron et. al., (2019)).
National Health Service (Procurement, patient choice along competition) which include
delivering of high quality care along with long term sustainability which can help to integrate
and provide healthcare services with collaboration. This can include better and effective care
services which are associated with ensuring about proper disruption about effective response
about taking care towards the patient health. Here, it includes securing people needs and their

service which they use. It also helps to improve the service quality along with service provision
efficiency. This regulation allows patient to make their own choices through selection of NHS
service provider which are effective and empower patient towards getting their healthcare
services. Due to referral system, patient may get affected by their choice of service provider to
get healthcare services from them. This can have high impact on patient will and may affect
vulnerable patient category towards getting better and improved health care services.
To implement any healthcare services within any care centre, there is a need to get ensure
that whether that care centre is having better potential or ability to provide those care services to
their service user for improved health. This can also help pregnant women to achieve better
health and their unborn baby's health where available antenatal care services can allow to take
care of good health and healthcare professionals like nursing staff can get able to provide some
recommendations and instruction to pregnant women for improvement in the healthcare services.
For implementing different care services in the care centre, there is a need to ensure about
taking care of effective responses are associated with fulfilling the rules and regulations that
should be taken into consideration for better implementation of care services within care centres.
Here anti-competitive agreement can be effective to reduce and prevent, distort competition
about the delivery of healthcare services and provide better service delivery opportunity.
Some business laws may include different processes like managing, buying, starting, and
working with other staff members. This may also include different business areas like
partnership, agency, and bankruptcy along with company laws that include the commercial
entities (Cloitre et. al., (2019)). Here, it is necessary to take care of the regulation of contract
laws that are for commercial transactions. This can allow providing better response towards the
delivery of effective care and health and social care businesses like antenatal care centres should
follow that regulation and business law to perform well. These can be effective and help in
achieving better implementation of the response that may help to adopt those laws and ethics
within the care centre as business law. Implementing the business law within the health and
social care services can lead to creating a high impact on ensuring about taking care of patients'
good health and improving the quality of services delivery. There are also some ethical issues
within the health and social care business where patient confidentiality and privacy are highly
important that should be taken into consideration for better response in care service delivery.
This may also include the transmission of diseases, relationships and end-of-life issues.

Here, NHS Improvement Unit should take care of good health which is associated with
including better implementation of laws and regulations which can be effective and help in
getting a better deal with the situation for improvement in pregnant women and their unborn
baby's health (Stephan et. al., (2018)).
CONCLUSION
From the above discussion, it can have concluded that antenatal care services are the
services that are provided to pregnant women before giving birth to the child. Here, it may
include different care services which are associated with taking care of good health and help in
getting better implementation of better health. There is different legislation that needs to follow
to implement any specific services with the antenatal care center. This can allow for achieving
better and improved quality of care services. There is also a need to perform well where it can
allow achieving better implementation of business law for improved care services within the care
center. There is also discussion about different antenatal care services which are associated with
the delivery of care services within the care centers.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Acharya, D., Singh, J. K., Kadel, R., Yoo, S. J., Park, J. H., & Lee, K. (2018). Maternal factors
and utilization of the antenatal care services during pregnancy associated with low birth
weight in rural Nepal: analyses of the antenatal care and birth weight records of the
MATRI-SUMAN trial. International journal of environmental research and public
health, 15(11), 2450.
Cloitre, M., Khan, C., Mackintosh, M. A., Garvert, D. W., Henn-Haase, C. M., Falvey, E. C., &
Saito, J. (2019). Emotion regulation mediates the relationship between ACES and
physical and mental health. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and
Policy, 11(1), 82.
Du, L., Gu, Y. B., Cui, M. Q., Li, W. X., Wang, J., Zhu, L. P., & Xu, B. (2020). Investigation on
demands for antenatal care services among 2 002 pregnant women during the epidemic of
COVID-19 in Shanghai. Zhonghua fu Chan ke za zhi, 55(3), 160-165.
England, N. H. S., & Improvement, N. H. S. (2019). The NHS patient safety strategy. Safer
culture, safer systems, safer patients.
England, N. H. S., & Improvement, N. H. S. (2020). Guidance and standard operating procedure
COVID-19 virus testing in NHS laboratories.
Ferrell, O. C., & Fraedrich, J. (2021). Business ethics: Ethical decision making and cases.
Cengage learning.
John, A. E., Binu, V. S., & Unnikrishnan, B. (2019). Determinants of antenatal care utilization in
India: a spatial evaluation of evidence for public health reforms. Public health, 166, 57-
64.
LeBaron, G., & Rühmkorf, A. (2019). The domestic politics of corporate accountability
legislation: Struggles over the 2015 UK Modern Slavery Act. Socio-Economic
Review, 17(3), 709-743.
Lin, P. F., Naveed, H., Eleftheriadou, M., Purbrick, R., Ghanavati, M. Z., & Liu, C. (2021).
Cataract service redesign in the post-COVID-19 era. British Journal of
Ophthalmology, 105(6), 745-750.
Maluka, S. O., Joseph, C., Fitzgerald, S., Salim, R., & Kamuzora, P. (2020). Why do pregnant
women in Iringa region in Tanzania start antenatal care late? A qualitative analysis. BMC
Pregnancy and Childbirth, 20(1), 1-7.
Stephan, A., Bieber, A., Hopper, L., Joyce, R., Irving, K., Zanetti, O., ... & Meyer, G. (2018).
Barriers and facilitators to the access to and use of formal dementia care: findings of a
focus group study with people with dementia, informal carers and health and social care
professionals in eight European countries. BMC geriatrics, 18(1), 1-16.
Tekelab, T., Chojenta, C., Smith, R., & Loxton, D. (2019). Factors affecting utilization of
antenatal care in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS one, 14(4),
e0214848.
Walz, A., & Firth-Butterfield, K. (2018). Implementing ethics into artificial intelligence: A
contribution, from a legal perspective, to the development of an AI governance
regime. Duke L. & Tech. Rev., 17, i.
Ziblim, S. D., Yidana, A., & Mohammed, A. R. (2018). Determinants of antenatal care
utilization among adolescent mothers in the Yendi municipality of northern region,
Ghana. Ghana Journal of Geography, 10(1), 78-97.