This report examines the vital role of nurses in promoting patient safety, with a specific focus on preventing medication errors. It begins by outlining the core responsibilities of nursing staff in healthcare settings, emphasizing their commitment to patient well-being and quality care. The report delves into a real-world incident involving a medication error, detailing its consequences and highlighting the potential for patient harm. It further analyzes how medication errors can negatively impact patient health, increasing medical expenses and potentially leading to severe outcomes. The discussion also explores the challenges nurses face when dealing with such errors, including feelings of guilt and the strategies used to minimize future occurrences. The report concludes by reiterating the importance of nurses' professional duty to improve patient care and safety against medication errors, emphasizing the need for organizational support and the implementation of effective reporting systems. The report is a detailed analysis of the nursing role in patient safety, providing valuable insights into the prevention of medication errors and the promotion of quality healthcare.