Annotated Bibliography: Heart Failure Case Study and Research Analysis

This annotated bibliography, prepared by a student, examines three research articles relevant to a case study of an 80-year-old patient, John, diagnosed with chronic heart failure. The assignment, as per the 2806NRS course requirements, includes an annotated bibliography of the chosen articles, a justification for their selection based on their evidence-based guidance for patient care, and recommendations for patient and clinical practice. The articles focus on interventions to improve self-care behaviors in heart failure patients, including the effectiveness of psychological interventions and educational programs. The student analyzes the components, contexts, and outcomes of these interventions, emphasizing the importance of self-care in managing chronic heart failure and improving patient outcomes. The case study highlights the need for increased awareness and healthy lifestyle practices in managing the patient's symptoms, such as breathlessness, swelling, and elevated heart rate. The bibliography underscores the role of nurses in providing patient education and implementing psychological strategies to improve treatment success and secondary prevention.

Running Head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY: EVIDENCE BASED CASE STUDY
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY: EVIDENCE BASED CASE STUDY
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author Note:

1ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY: EVIDENCE BASED CASE STUDY
Part 1:
1. Buck, H. G., Stromberg, A., Chung, M. L., Donovan, K. A., Harkness, K.,
Howard, A. M., ... & Evangelista, L. S. (2018). A systematic review of heart
failure dyadic self-care interventions focusing on intervention components,
contexts, and outcomes. International journal of nursing studies, 77, 232-242.
doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.10.007
For patients with heart failure it is critical to have assistance from an informal carer. Doctors and
nurses have the ability to greatly enhance self-care and patients. Around the same time, it should always
be understood that care giving may adversely impact the carer and trigger strain and tension emotional
reactions. Dyadic (patient and informal care) self-care approaches tend to enhance patient self-care, such
as commitment to professional diagnosis, fitness preparation, evaluation of symptoms and control of
symptoms as appropriate. It has been observed that in the recent times, no comprehensive assessment of
dyadic treatments with a emphasis on identifying elements, analyzing physical and distribution
conditions, or assessing the impact on patient and/or job results has been performed at this point. The
paper aims to examine the components, interventions and further study the context of the application of
self care based interventions amongst the heart failure patients. The study predicted that the impact of
dyadic interaction on the utilization of emotional, physical, affective and psychological resources were
observed within experiments. Nevertheless, observations through experiments were inconclusive, as some
research on the same variables recorded promising and some non-sustaining effects.

2ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY: EVIDENCE BASED CASE STUDY
2. Jiang, Y., Shorey, S., Seah, B., Chan, W. X., San Tam, W. W., & Wang, W.
(2018). The effectiveness of psychological interventions on self-care,
psychological and health outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure—A
systematic review and meta-analysis. International journal of nursing
studies, 78, 16-25. doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.08.006
The paper aids in evaluating and analyzing research to determine the impact of therapeutic treatments
on self-care and social and physical consequences of chronic heart failure (CHF) patients. The report
presents a analysis where therapeutic approaches or theories on self-care habits, anxiety and stress rates,
HRQoL, and physical activity are utilized to test the success of the randomized clinical trials. Studies
were considered released in English between January 2006 and December 2016. The outcomes as
described in the paper explains the efforts that aim at promoting self care is one of the pioneer steps in the
management of HF diseases. The Hospital care and secondary safety play an significant part in
healthcare. Nurses provide more patient interaction experiences and are increasingly integrated in all
areas of clinical care relative to other professionals; thus, increasingly nurses should be prepared to
implement concise therapeutic interventions (such as positive assessments and cognitive behavioral
therapy) to improve the efficacy of action. The key drawback of the study is the low to high degree of
variability among the studies involved, which may partly weaken the findings ' precision and
reproducibility. A judgment on the best structure and methods of the intervention could not be taken
because of the differences between the samples. Within the future, replication of the studies would be
needed to isolate the successful intervention aspect and determine the appropriate model and dose for the
intervention.

3ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY: EVIDENCE BASED CASE STUDY
3. Salahodinkolah, M. K., Ganji, J., Moghadam, S. H., Shafipour, V., Jafari, H.,
& Salari, S. (2020). Educational intervention for improving self-care
behaviors in patients with heart failure: A narrative review. Journal of
Nursing and Midwifery Sciences, 7(1), 60. DOI: 10.4103/JNMS.JNMS_19_19
Heart failure is one of the most severe cardiovascular diseases, and it may affect intimate and social
interactions as a persistent and ongoing disease, decrease physical activity, and in turn hinder self-.
Hence, with successful treatments, it is possible to enhance the self-actions of the heart failure patients.
There are many approaches to change actions in self-and one of the strategies is behavioral interventions.
Reviewing clinical strategies allows people with cardiac disease to encourage self-habits. The purpose of
this research was to examine the instructional approach of patients with heart disease to develop self-care
behaviours. Using keywords check for articles: cardiac disease, self-care, healthcare and preparation.
Subsequently, seventy-one posts were published, after repeated and irrelevant pieces were excluded.
Initially 340 papers were collected, and eventually 71 papers were included in the analysis after
evaluating the articles for inclusion requirements. Educational activities were categorized into four
groups: face-to-face teach-back instruction, follow-up phone call home consultation, school teaching, and
e-learning. The findings of this research found that in patients with heart disease, four above listed forms
of treatment greatly enhanced self-care behaviours.
Part 2:
The self-care activity linked to heart failure is critical for improving results for heart failure
patients. These habits require attention to medicine, food, and exercise, but self-care often applies to
issues like finding assistance for illnesses and measuring on a regular basis. Throughout an observational
environment the results of comprehensive systematized and expected care by a hospital and home nurse
were tested. Results found that at 1 and 3 months after discharge, schooling considerably improved self-

4ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY: EVIDENCE BASED CASE STUDY
care conduct. Chronic conditions are the major causes of death globally, with cardiac failure standing out
in several countries as one of the leading causes of hospitalization with elevated morbidity with mortality
levels 4. Heart failure (HF) is actually one of Brazil's main public health issues, and its dynamic and
progressive existence frequently contributes to harmful effects, such as high rehospitalization levels and
mortality, which could be minimized if proper self-care is given. Self-treatment of chronic diseases is
linked to preserving an acceptable degree of physical and psychological well-being, reducing morbidity
and mortality and the utilization and expense of healthcare, rising patient happiness, enhancing the sense
of autonomy and quality of life, explanations why self-care is a key issue of chronic disease treatment.
Over the years the idea of self-care grew. It is related to flexibility, freedom and moral accountability for
healthier practices, as well as the creation of activities required to maintain and track health conditions.
Patients did not exhibit any of the self-care habits that might be anticipated, given extensive instruction
and assistance. Patients identified shortcomings in awareness, judgment / decision taking, and expertise in
both the intervention and control classes (Lee et al., 2015). It may be inferred that support-educative
therapy is successful in enhancing self-care conduct correlated with heart disease early after discharge.
The case study here projects that 80 year old John, who is also an obese and had been displaying the
symptoms of being breathless, swollen features along with elevated heart beat rate. Looking into the
charts, it was come to knowledge that he was diagnosed with chronic heart failure in the year 2018, due to
his elevated blood pressure levels and ischaemic cardiomyopathy condition of his heart. With his
symptoms of him facing shortness of breath and deterioration in health, it is very much necessary for him
to become more self aware and help him practice healthy lifestyle by creating awareness and disease
control classes. The findings as illustrated in the paper (Jiang et al., 2018) demonstrate the actions aimed
at encouraging self-care were one of the groundbreaking measures in HF disease control. Hospital
treatment and secondary protection have an significant role to play in health care. Nurses have greater
understanding in patient engagement and are continually partnered alongside other practitioners in other
aspects of health care; therefore, more and more nurses will be trained to incorporate specific
psychological strategies (such as motivational evaluations and cognitive behavioral therapy) to increase

5ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY: EVIDENCE BASED CASE STUDY
the success of the treatment. (Salahodinkolah, Ganji, Moghadam, Shafipour, Jafari & Salari, 2020), in his
paper helps in evaluating the ways with, which improvement can be brought in self-care behaviors of
patients with heart failure. The paper can prove to be useful in helping John, by educating him and raise
awareness for secondary prevention from any occurrence of stroke. The paper claimed that the usage of
electronic devices allows further knowledge to be exchanged between individuals at every time and place;
on the other hand, usability of instructional resources and the use of photographs and similar terms would
improve people's enthusiasm for learning. The research has showed that mobile phone telemonitoring of
patients increases self-care habits, day-to-day weight management, liquid limitation, increased physical
exercise, and effective critical-situation therapies. This approach should be used to teach the patients,
depending on the findings of the trials. This would therefore help reduce the expense of rehabilitation and
patients and their families will be trained to recognize the signs of the illness and make informed choices.
Studies have shown that the usage of instructional devices (laptops and DVDs, power point), telephone
follow-up, interactive mobile network, and e-mail is successful in self-care for patients with heart failure.
The benefits of this research were to identify different methods of educating in encouraging self-care
habits in heart failure patients.
Part 3:
Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a chronic, disabling condition with a wide symptom pattern,
characterized intermittently by episodes of severe decomposition. CHF patients are advised to self-
manage their condition in order to improve clinical benefits and quality of life, such as adhering to
treatment regimens and tracking symptoms. By doing so, patients are asked to comply with their health
care professionals on their treatment. Patients, though, usually don't do well themselves, even with
professional assistance. Study conducted in the paper (Toukhsati, Driscoll & Hare, 2015) states that
comparing the self-management strategies have failed to show the effects of morbidity or mortality. Self-
management solutions to social networks recognize the development and utilization of other services

6ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY: EVIDENCE BASED CASE STUDY
outside those of patient and health care professionals alone. Social network methods utilized in
combination with e-health networks will provide a way to refine potential self-management services. In
addition, HF self-care is believed to be cardioprotective, and in optimizing clinical conditions
complements optimum patient treatment. In particular, successful HF self-care activities are assumed to
promote partial neurohormonal blockage and deactivation, restrict inflammatory pathways, reduce the
need for disadvantageous pharmacological treatment, and decrease hibernation of the myocardial. The
findings of current and prospective clinical studies ought to confirm such possible pathways.

7ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY: EVIDENCE BASED CASE STUDY
References:
Ausili, D., Rebora, P., Di Mauro, S., Riegel, B., Valsecchi, M. G., Paturzo, M., ... & Vellone, E. (2016).
Clinical and socio-demographic determinants of self-care behaviours in patients with heart failure
and diabetes mellitus: A multicentre cross-sectional study. International journal of nursing
studies, 63, 18-27. doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.08.006
Bos-Touwen, I., Jonkman, N., Westland, H., Schuurmans, M., Rutten, F., de Wit, N., & Trappenburg, J.
(2015). Tailoring of self-management interventions in patients with heart failure. Current heart
failure reports, 12(3), 223-235. doi.org/10.1007/s11897-015-0259-3
Buck, H. G., Stromberg, A., Chung, M. L., Donovan, K. A., Harkness, K., Howard, A. M., ... &
Evangelista, L. S. (2018). A systematic review of heart failure dyadic self-care interventions
focusing on intervention components, contexts, and outcomes. International journal of nursing
studies, 77, 232-242. doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.10.007
Fergenbaum, J., Bermingham, S., Krahn, M., Alter, D., & Demers, C. (2015). Care in the home for the
management of chronic heart failure: systematic review and cost-effectiveness analysis. Journal
of Cardiovascular Nursing, 30(4S), S44-S51. doi: 10.1097/JCN.0000000000000235
Harkness, K., Heckman, G. A., Akhtar-Danesh, N., Demers, C., Gunn, E., & McKelvie, R. S. (2014).
Cognitive function and self-care management in older patients with heart failure. European
Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 13(3), 277-284.
Jiang, Y., Shorey, S., Seah, B., Chan, W. X., San Tam, W. W., & Wang, W. (2018). The effectiveness of
psychological interventions on self-care, psychological and health outcomes in patients with
chronic heart failure—A systematic review and meta-analysis. International journal of nursing
studies, 78, 16-25. doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.08.006

8ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY: EVIDENCE BASED CASE STUDY
Kadu, M., Heckman, G. A., Stolee, P., & Perlman, C. (2019). Risk of Hospitalization in Long-Term Care
Residents Living with Heart Failure: a Retrospective Cohort Study. Canadian Geriatrics
Journal, 22(4), 171. doi.org/10.5770/cgj.22.366
Lee, K. S., Lennie, T. A., Dunbar, S. B., Pressler, S. J., Heo, S., Song, E. K., ... & Moser, D. K. (2015).
The association between regular symptom monitoring and self-care management in patients with
heart failure. The Journal of cardiovascular nursing, 30(2), 145.
doi.org/10.1177/1474515113492603
Matsuoka, S., Tsuchihashi-Makaya, M., Kayane, T., Yamada, M., Wakabayashi, R., Kato, N. P., &
Yazawa, M. (2016). Health literacy is independently associated with self-care behavior in patients
with heart failure. Patient education and counseling, 99(6), 1026-1032.
doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2016.01.003
Salahodinkolah, M. K., Ganji, J., Moghadam, S. H., Shafipour, V., Jafari, H., & Salari, S. (2020).
Educational intervention for improving self-care behaviors in patients with heart failure: A
narrative review. Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Sciences, 7(1), 60.
DOI: 10.4103/JNMS.JNMS_19_19
Sedlar, N., Lainscak, M., Mårtensson, J., Strömberg, A., Jaarsma, T., & Farkas, J. (2017). Factors related
to self-care behaviours in heart failure: A systematic review of European Heart Failure Self-Care
Behaviour Scale studies. European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 16(4), 272-282. doi:
10.1177/1474515117691644
Toukhsati, S. R., Driscoll, A., & Hare, D. L. (2015). Patient self-management in chronic heart failure–
establishing concordance between guidelines and practice. Cardiac failure review, 1(2), 128.
doi: 10.15420/cfr.2015.1.2.128