Report on Heritage and Cultural Tourism Management Analysis

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of heritage and cultural tourism management, focusing on the growth and development of the industry, potential conflicts in conservation using Barcelona and Venice as case studies, the purpose of heritage and cultural attractions in meeting customer needs, the impact of different types of ownership on site management, and the roles and responsibilities of organizations within the industry. It evaluates methods and media used for interpretation within the heritage and cultural industry for tourists, highlighting the importance of sustainable tourism strategies and the need for stricter measures to mitigate negative impacts of overcrowding and overtourism.

[HERITAGE AND CULTURAL TOURISM MANAGEMENT]

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................2
TASK 1.........................................................................................................................................3
1.1 ANALYSE THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE HERITAGE AND CULTURAL
INDUSTRY...............................................................................................................................3
1.2 DISCUSS POTENTIAL CONFLICTS IN THE CONSERVATION OF HERITAGE AND CULTURAL
RESOURCES USING THE CASE BARCELONA (SPAIN) AND VENICE (ITALY).............................6
TASK 2.........................................................................................................................................8
2.1 ASSESS THE PURPOSE OF HERITAGE AND CULTURAL ATTRACTIONS IN MEETING THE
NEEDS OF DIFFERENT CUSTOMERS.......................................................................................8
TASK 3.......................................................................................................................................10
3.1 EVALUATE THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF OWNERSHIP ON THE MANAGEMENT
OF HERITAGE AND CULTURAL SITES....................................................................................10
3.2 ANALYSE ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF ORGANISATIONS IN THE HERITAGE AND
CULTURAL INDUSTRY...........................................................................................................13
TASK 4.......................................................................................................................................16
4.1 EVALUATE METHODS AND MEDIA USED FOR INTERPRETATION WITHIN THE HERITAGE
AND CULTURAL INDUSTRY FOR TOURISTS...........................................................................16
CONCLUSION............................................................................................................................19
REFERENCES.............................................................................................................................20
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INTRODUCTION
The tourism business is growing at a faster speed in today’s period than ever imagined.
There are various subsets of tourism in the tourism industry. One of such tourism is heritage
tourism. The national and global tourists get the opportunities to understand the legacy and
incredible values of historical locations and places through heritage tourism. Another subset
of tourism is cultural tourism that offers the visitors and travellers to know about the
different lifestyle such as language, art, crafts, religion, and cultural history and so on of the
people residing at various historical locations (Graham, et al. 2016). Cultural and heritage
manage is an integral part of the tourism industry due to its potential role in development
and growth of the industry.
The significance of the heritage and culture of tourism can be understood because of its
contribution to economic, social and cultural factors in the UK (Timothy, 2011). This aim of
this report is to represent the growth and progress of heritage as well as the cultural
tourism industry in the UK. It also highlights the different aspects of the heritage as well as
cultural tourism industry of the UK and its purpose of the heritage and cultural location in
meeting the visitors or travellers’ requirement. It also discusses the role, ownership and
responsibilities of the organization towards the heritage sites in the UK. At last, the role of
different methods of interpretation was explained.
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TASK 1
1.1 ANALYSE THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE HERITAGE AND
CULTURAL INDUSTRY
TIMELINE
Definition: heritage and culture are
referred to the constitution of historical
locations and places within the
corporation of the natural as well as
cultural business environment
comprising the biodiversity, landscapes
and landfills, customs, practices, beliefs
and norms and other significant
collection from the past (Graham, et al.
2016). This includes different natural
and constructed locations such as a
museum, heritage landscapes,
archaeology and many others.
Importance and development of
heritage and cultural industry
There is significant interdependence
between cultural heritage and tourism
industry. The development in conserving
the cultural heritage of any country is
indicated by the potential growth in the
development of tourism industry. The
cultural and heritage industry in some of
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the European countries such as the UK
are observed as one of the important
contributors to the GDP of the UK. The
cultural and heritage tourism in the UK
has given rise to the employment
opportunities in the UK and also develop
the economy of the country.
For consistent growth and progress of
the tourism, it is essential to properly
maintain, protect and conserve heritage
as well as cultural location, sites or
sceneries. Development and renovation
of the historical places and monuments
are emphasised by the UK government
that results in a lot of attraction among
the tourists and visitors to visit the
locations and sites (Timothy, 2011). The
efforts to preserve and protect the
historical locations increase the
frequency of the visitors and tourists in
the UK.
It was reported in the travel and tourism
competitiveness report 2017 that about
5.3 per cent of the employment is
shared by the travel and tourism
industry that is around 1,791,220 jobs.
The contribution of the travel and
tourism industry is around 3.7 per cent
which is about the US $103,740.0 million
in the GDP of the UK (Travel & Tourism
Competitiveness Index, 2017). A major
focus of the UK government is to
establish resorts and hotels in order to
provide better and improved facilities to
the travellers and visitors visiting the
locations. The authorities in the UK offer
loan facilities on the lower interest rate
to various tourism organizations such as
timeless travel Ltd to offer effective and
efficient services at these popular
historical locations and destinations
(Richards, 2011).
The UK government constantly improve
the transportation facilities such as
buses, planes and trains to offer
transport to its both national and global
tourists to reach to these historic
locations and sites at considerable
prices.
Some of the cultural heritage venues of
the UK are Derwent Valley Mill,
Derbyshire, Saltaire, Yorkshire, New
Lanark, southern Scotland, Blaenavon
Industrial Landscape, South Wales, Ron
bridge Gorge, Shropshire and so on.
Technology and media played a very
important role in delivering best and
memorable experiences to its tourists
and travellers and enhance the progress
and growth of cultural heritage tourism
industry in the UK (Tribe and Xiao,
2011). Another important factor in the
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growth and development of the tourism
industry is its valuable workforce.
Proper training facilities are to be
provided to the workforce in order to
gain sufficient knowledge regarding the
history and cultural heritage of the UK.
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1.2 DISCUSS POTENTIAL CONFLICTS IN THE CONSERVATION OF HERITAGE
AND CULTURAL RESOURCES USING THE CASE BARCELONA (SPAIN) AND
VENICE (ITALY)
OVERVIEW OF THE CONFLICT
Blatant changes in the mind-sets of the
core tourists and travellers are the
fundamental framework of the conflict.
The historical relevance of the heritages
appeared to be undermined due to the
introductions of the urban aspects that
had characterized the shift in the mind-
sets of the core tourists (Salazar, 2012).
It was widespread that the development
of the tourism industry in various
aspects has the amazed majority of the
tourist and travellers rather than
admiration of the authentic assets that
are supposed as consolidation of their
stances in the prevalent history. In this
regards, it was noted that rapid increase
and capital development of the tourism
industry does not relate with the sincere
admiration of the heritage assets of the
UK.
POSSIBLE ISSUES OF THE POTENTIAL
CONFLICTS
The antithesis of responsible tourism is
over tourism. A major focus was given to
addressing the challenges of the over
tourism faced by Barcelona and Venice.
Overtourism has affected the
sustainability and conservation of the
historical monuments and sites. The five
consequences of the over tourism in
Barcelona and Venice are overloaded
infrastructure, damage to nature,
alienated local citizens, degraded tourist
experiences and a threat to the culture
and heritage.
It is observed that about 20 million
people visit the locations of Venice every
year. There are just 55,000 permanent
residents resides in the city which is
visited by around 120,000 people on its
busiest days. There are complexities in
the reason behind the over tourism in
Venice. Some of them are peer-to-peer
home sharing platforms, cruise ships and
rapid progress in low-cost aviation. Also,
the prices of the properties are
skyrocketing in Venice forcing the owner
to convert their family homes into
lucrative holiday accommodation. The
quality of life of the people in Venice
degraded along with noise and
insufficiency in sanitation facilities.
The responses of the local citizens
towards the over tourism are the major
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reason for conflicts in Barcelona. They
have protested against the tourisms
claiming it to be an invasion and calling
their cities as a prison. The protestors
did not protest against tourists but with
the authorities, capitalism, and
businesses as well. Lack of regulation
and blatant incentives due to over
tourism resulted in the cities to become
increasingly unliveable (Ardissono, et al.
2012).
The cities had increased its popularities
among the people due to the stag
parties, drugs and prostitution affecting
negatively among the local citizens.
Hotels and tourist apartment were
struggling to afford an increase in
tourists and rent out rooms and
apartments. Various other issues were
highlighted ranging from overcrowding
as well as tension to loss of identity as
well as an increase in antisocial
behaviours by the residents due to the
poor quality of life.
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Possible solutions were provided to
maximise the positive impacts and
minimise negative impacts of travelling
and tourism. The steps taken by the
Italian government is to ban the entry of
cruise ships that weighed over 55,000
tonnes (Robertson, 2016). Also,
controversial plans were introduced by
Mayor of Venice to control the numbers
of visitors by diverting the tourists
towards alternative routes and turning
away the tourist who doesn't have pre-
booked passing. Fines were imposed on
the tourists for noise pollution, littering
and loitering on bridges, swimming in
canals and sightseeing locations.
Sustainable tourism strategy is to be
implemented by the Venice as per the
suggestions form World Heritage Site.
In case of Barcelona, the Barcelona
government restricted the issue of new
licenses for tourist accommodation
(Sather-Wagstaff, 2016). Short term
private lodging has been reduced by the
introduction of new regulations. The
scant measure was implemented to
control the numbers of tourists in
adversely affected hotspots such as Park
Guell's monument area, La Boqueria, La
Sagrada Familia Basilica and so on
(Dowling, 2014). These are some of the
measures that help the government of
Barcelona and Venice to manage the
crowds by creating disruption in
surrounding area. However, the
government of Barcelona and Venice
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need to take stricter measures to reduce the negative impacts of overcrowding.
TASK 2
2.1 ASSESS THE PURPOSE OF HERITAGE AND CULTURAL ATTRACTIONS IN
MEETING THE NEEDS OF DIFFERENT CUSTOMERS
The following report is a reflective report that highlights the facilities that are provided by
Greenwich Park, British Museum, The Queen's House and The National Maritime Museum.
It focuses on the methods that are adopted by this organization for fulfilling the
requirement of different tourist that visit.
The British Museum
When I visited The British Museum, I observed that the museum offers a variety of facilities
for all types of tourist. The museum has a dedicated library for the researchers that visit the
museum. In addition to this, the museum also publishes the research journals and has
online research tools to enhance the scope for the research. The museum actively
participated and encourages researcher from all over the world and motivates their
contribution. For recreation tourist the museum provides the facility of guides and the
information display, the recreational tourist can also take help of the various works of
literature that is available in the museum. For children and family, the various workshops
are organized in which fulfils the requirement of the education and entertainment tourist
(British Museum, 2018). I observed that the museum also offers a membership for all types
of tourist to stay connected with it.
The Queen House
The Queen House is located at SE10 9NF, London, during my visit to The Queen House I
observed that the organization offers a variety of faculties for the recreational and the
family tourist, events such as fireworks happenings and the workshops on art are arranged
for the tourist. The organization also takes care of the international tourist with the help of
special guides that can tell about The Queen House in more than twelve foreign languages. I
also observed that the organization also offer tickets at discounted rates for families that
visit. The organization also has the store that enables the tourist interested in research to
buy books and publications (The Queen House, 2018). The Queen House also enables the
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arrangements of award ceremonies and the private functions for the tourist and the locals. I
observed that the queen house offers a special trip for the news and the media tourist and it
has a bulletin that realises all the news related to the organization.
Greenwich Park
During my visit to the Greenwich Park, I observed that the park has cafes, observatory and
the sports activity areas that are located all around it to fulfil the need of recreational and
family tourist. The park also organises various events such as the marathon, awareness
weeks and the competition for the tourist. To fulfil the requirement of the media and film
tourist that visit the Park, it has an exclusive hotline number for the special arrangements of
guides and staff. During my visit I observed that the Park administration is engaged in
various nature conversation activities and researches related to natural preservation, it also
encourages the conversation projects, the park administration makes sure that researches
and scientist that visit the Park have an easy asses the activities that are going for
conversation and organises an exclusive trip for them to know more about the various
initiatives (The Royal Parks, 2018). In addition to this to take care for the need of the
children visiting the park, it has a park that has rides and the plays.
The National Maritime Museum
The National Maritime Museum is one of the most visited visitor attraction of UK, it has
various arts and objects that are related to the navy and the oceans. During my visit, I
observed that The National Maritime Museum has guides to manage the tour of family and
another type of tourist to the museum. The museum has the special arrangement for the
children’s as it offers a free entry to the children's gallery where the children can engage in
various activates. The museum also offers verities of literature and books for the scientist
and the researchers visiting (National Maritime Museum, 2018). The museum also has
varieties of tools such as online maps, manuscripts and the trained tour guides for the
education tourist, and workshops on the sea animal, ships and various other topics are
organised to improve their knowledge.
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TASK 3
3.1 EVALUATE THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF OWNERSHIP ON THE
MANAGEMENT OF HERITAGE AND CULTURAL SITES
LEAFLETS
Many organizations have raised their concern by taking part in different campaigns and
events related to the protection of heritage attributes and also conserve the cultural
heritage of the nation (Tribe and Xiao, 2011). The role of the organizations is significant and
also the ownership of managing heritage and cultural sites is classified on the basis of their
nature into three types that are private, voluntary and public.
PUBLIC ORGANIZATION: the main goals of the public organisation are to conserve the
heritage and cultural sites and are primarily owned as well as operated by the government.
They utilise different tools and techniques to increase the public access to these cultural
sites and heritage locations (Salazar, 2012). Efforts are made by the government to provide
knowledge as well as to educate the public about their history of these historical sites as
these sites act as a promoter of tourism development.
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The development in tourism due to conservations of heritage sites significantly contributes
to the private sponsorships to conserve the heritage sites, generate foreign investments,
and increase employment opportunities. Some of the public organizations are English
Heritage, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Historic Scotland, National Heritage and
many other organizations (Salazar, 2012).
VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATION: the presence or existences of the voluntary organization is to
divert the profit earned by the voluntary organisation for maintenances and existence if
heritage sites and locations (Ghimire, 2013). These are non-profit organizations that
conserve the heritage locations along with the cultural attributes of these sites. Some of the
organisations are Architectural Heritage Fund, War Memorial Fund, Heritage alliances and
various others museums, churches and historical building conservation funds who provide
their voluntary services.
PRIVATE ORGANIZATION: These organizations are owned and governed by the group of
people or individuals. Their main purpose is to maximise the profit by generating the
maximum number of revenue (Ardissono, et al. 2012). Various recreation activities and
events are organized by the private organizations to utilise the productivity of cultural and
heritage sites. There are 1500 privately owned castles, houses and garden across the UK
involved in Historic House Association (Ghimire, 2013). Some of the forms of private
organizations are given below:
Sole Proprietorships: this business is also categorised under private sector where the
organization is operated by the single individual to handle and manage heritage and cultural
destinations (Dowling, 2014). All the activities are managed by an individual to protect the
cultural and heritage sites and earn more profit in the industry. Blenheim Palace is one of
the popular sites in the UK handled under sole proprietorship.
Partnerships: partnership is referred when the business activities regarding the historical
and cultural sites are organized and managed by two or more people. Heavy documentation
is needed in this process in comparison to other businesses (Dann and Seaton, 2013). This
business organization comes under the private organization and aims to earn more income
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