Essay: Examining the History and Future of Warfare

This essay provides a comprehensive overview of the evolving nature of warfare in the 21st century, emphasizing the impact of technological advancements. It begins by highlighting the shift towards technologically driven warfare, incorporating elements like biological organisms, mass communication, and mental aspects. The essay then delves into specific innovations, including directed energy weapons, autonomous systems, and network-centric warfare, analyzing their roles in modern defense strategies. It discusses the increasing importance of technology in defense, with countries investing heavily in developing robust capabilities. The essay explores the use of autonomous and automated weapons, the integration of AI, and the emergence of cyber and space domains as critical components of warfare. It also examines the significance of network-centric warfare, its benefits, and the rise of nuclear power as a key element of national security. The essay concludes by projecting a future where robotics and AI play a dominant role, with only limited human intervention, alongside the continued importance of psychological and cybernetic warfare tactics.

A History of War

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
ESSAY.............................................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES ...............................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
The methods of warfare in the 21st century is going to reflect technological emergence in
the new age of modernisation. By considering technological driven lives people are transforming
into hybrid biological environment with technological environment as well. This may result into
taking action over three levels such as biological organism, mass communication and mental
aspect (Bigley and Raushel, 2019). A degree of consensus is existing within scholars in the
context of changing the culture of warfare over the past decades. This can be said that in 21st
century wars are becoming brutal and intensified as well. This essay is consisting of various
elements and technologies that are emerged over the years and having varied role in developing
culture of wars. After WWII the dynamics of wars has been changed as there are certain
technologies and emergence which are introduced within defence force of different countries.
The essay is evolving around changing future of war in which new generation's defence domain
is getting up-gradation and innovations as well.
ESSAY
This is a real dimension that nature of war is changing in a very fast pace due to the
reason of adoption of innovation and autonomous systems. These are going to assist the security
forces of countries in making precision decisions. In the future time more collaboration with
machines are to be made which may be useful to introduce technological concepts within war
dimensions. The defence filed of nations are already experiencing machineries amalgamation in
weapons and this is regarded as central theme of science. In current time defence is one of the
crucial aspect of every country in which all the nations are wholly dedicated in developing the
same so that to emerge as a robust economy and to get high power over other nation as well. The
future wars are highly emerged with technology in which rapid change in the methods of armed
warfare. In other terms it can be said that all the domains of defence force are including armed
combat in order to enlighten their ways and tactics in a new manner which is completely
different from the old one (Chen and et. al., 2013). The objective of war of future is wholly
dedicated to get control over enemies so that all the strengths and capabilities of enemies can be
absorbed and potential disruption can be reached to them. The major question here is about
different methods to be used within wars of 21st century. The essay is showing investigative

methods of forecasting innovation which can be acknowledged by different domain of defence
and scientific efforts can be exerted as well.
This is analysed that technological advanced army is associated with high chances of
conquering towards enemies. American army has failed in defeating primitive measures of
Vietnamese guerrilla warfare and Iraqi or Afghanistan rebels. Nevertheless, the capabilities of
most advanced countries are increasing due to which the countries are meeting with high power.
For example when an anonymous enemy is launching their armed troops then this is imperative
that coordinated attack is planned by them (Blokh and Alxendrov, 2016). In this case land forces
are getting back support from artillery, air forces are operating through satellite and traditional
infrastructure. The movement of armed forces are barred to follow a crafted plan and with the
help of intelligence operations are carried out through machines and manual troops. When the
counter-attack begins and the sources cannot be found out and enemy troops are seen in the
radar.
When an attack is approaching in bay then naval support is received and this is regarded
as the position of deploying tactical positions. There are certain new emergence which can be
used within battles in 21st century and are laced with high innovation and helping the army to
stay ahead from their enemies as well. Some of them are enlightened as below:
Directed energy is one of the prominent solution which is associated with high power
microwaves, High altitude electromagnetic pulse, microwave stun gun and many others. The
weapons with this technology are designed in such a way that directed energy fire can be
targetted to enemy and continue firing can be performed. In the relation of possible impact of
directed energy, another essential concept is related with high intensity changes in magnetic,
electric or electromagnetic field. With the help of this purpose of interfering within human
senses can be destabilised. By using system of precise destruction the warfare can be changed
and targets can be destroyed by defence troop in easy manner. In the battlefield combination of
various armaments in order to convert the warfare into hybridised war.
Autonomous and automated weapons are the another innovation which is introduced
within war and the same can convert a war into a centralised system of war. This is to be noted
that land, sea and air submersible weapons are progressing (Wan, 2020). A significant
representative on new waves of weapon is named as Orca extra large unnamed undersea vehicle,
51 feet long vessel containing more than 50 tons of weight is highly capable of operating for so

many months without even surfacing. Another novelty is associated with this miniature flying
drones which is available for every soldier in order to give them access of developing air force
in appropriate manner. The biggest armaments company named Rheinmetall, Lockheed Martin,
Northrop Grumman, and BAE Systems have initiated to develop newer applications related to
autonomous system. Lockheed Martin is developing an Unnamed Ground Vehicle in order to
carry equipments, medical supplies and ration. Northrop Grumman is developing an improved
airbase operations in which BAE system is being developed by them which is wholly dedicated
to provide assistance to wounded soldiers. UGV technology is also promoted by Rheinmetall
company in which higher research is being rendered by Northop Grumman in accordance with
DARPA. In current time soldiers are associated with providing commands to autonomous
machines so that human commands can be minimised (Pickrell, 2019). A soldier within armour
assistance is received by them die to which intellectual capabilities of a soldier can be enhanced.
Modern weapons as network centric system is the system in which major focus is
rendered upon biological and technical components of enemy troops are included. Within this
electromagnetic field is deployed in which chemical and biological agents are reinforced. The
next stage within hostilities is related with destruction of enemies by implementing masking
technology so that to avoid any prominent losses. The primal objective of the army is to destroy
all the lines of enemies and they are highly focused over assuming control and eliminating points
of enemies.
The art of future warfare associated with high inclusion of robotics and AI and in this
manner human soldiers can undertake battle in the battlefield by replacing machineries with
humans. In the current time AI based software are launched by various companies which are
wholly configured with self-aware aspects of battles. The major objective of this research is to
encompass the mechanism of decision making and deal with hostile enemies as well.
Defence troops are laced with three domains such as air, water and sea. These three
domains are helpful in order to provide security to the nation and to acknowledge system of
security as well. In recent time every country is dealing with security crisis and in order to
mitigate the same high technology is the aspect which can be introduced by them so that to
measure higher security (Olsen, 2019). For managing national security this is imperative that all
the dimensions existed within defence field are examined and are highlighted as well. US is
known as one of the most technological advanced country in which they are continuously putting

major efforts for enhancing their national security and intelligence in such a way that they can
stand at higher pace in respect to other countries. Besides this Australia is also regarded as one of
the advanced country in which the country is placing prominent efforts in managing technology
within their defence system so that to get high power over other nations (Sullenberger Kaushik,
and Wynn, 2019).
Differentiated technology is going to be used by various nations so that to provide
assistance to their defence system and to render high tech security to their systems. Three
domains are existed within each country and these are providing assistance to national security
and intelligence as well. Some of the measures are elaborated as under:
Network centric warfare:
This is also called network centric operations in which military theory of doctrine within
defence is given. Transformation is defined as US defence strategy and in this all the seven
measures within defence policies are reached to their goals. The concept of network centric
warfare and emerging network of capabilities of US. The term is broadly described as the
combination of various tactics and techniques which are helpful in employing war fighting
advantage. NCW is defined as an information enabled concept in which armed forces are
organising fight by using information technology as their primal aspect. NCW is helpful in
generating enhanced combat power in network sensors, decision making and speed of command.
The degree of self-synchronisation is given to differentiated security forces by taking assistance
of NCW. This is a very advanced technology which is required to be adopted by defence force of
multiple nation so that additional benefits can be received by security force in appropriate
manner. The major benefits of network centric warfare is associated with creating easy way of
improving system of information sharing and in this manner quality information can be enhanced
and situational awareness can be rendered. Shared situational is helpful in taking high command
and speed within system of information and security (Pattanaik, 2016). All the three forces are
enjoying dramatically enhanced capabilities with the help of NCW as operational situations are
analysed in such a manner that all the tactical decision can be made with enhanced capabilities.
NCW is the major element which is being initiated by department of defence and this is a tactic
level aspect in which operational sufficiency is rendered to security forces of nation.
In recent time Space and cyber domain is regarded as the fourth domain in which cyber
operations are executed those are having direct impact over political and economic manner. In

the context of space this can be said that the major space within passive defence and attack can
be undertaken. This innovation is having various dimension in which first priority is being
accomplished of gaining advantage over damaging physical assets of enemies. These aspects are
having cognitive benefits and in the context of nation's security this is imperative that varied
aspect of innovation is giving high edge benefits.
Nuclear domain is the another most powerful emerging face of defence in which
differentiated benefits can be given to modern army and to the nation as well. In current time
nuclear power is regarded as one of the most prominent and powerful asset held with various
country which enhances power of the nation and command over varied forces (Drupady, 2019).
Nuclear weapons can cause high destruction to the place where bombarding is taking place and
in this manner varied opportunities are rendered to national security.
The future of war for 21st century is going to be related with 90% of robotics system in
which various levels of autonomy are added. This can also be said that only 10% intervention o
human things will be seen. In the field of battle psychological influence within process of
decision making is seen and there are differentiated aspects that are followed such as
conventional and special influence as well. Modern armies are conducting various activities such
as psychological and cybernetic activities and these are associated with auxiliary measures
supported by conventional and special activities. Combined and cybernetic influence is
advancing the troops to attain their objectives and demolition of enemies lines. This is observed
that a direct battle against autonomous robots will have higher precision as in comparison of
manual frameworks. With the help of robotics direct strikes can be executed which is an element
of surprise and helps the army troop to detect places of enemies in direct manner.
There are various dimensions in which defence of a nation is dependent and these are
required to be exerted so that to render appropriate safety to nations and their living people as
well. In the context of war definitely high innovation is rendered as at every point of time things
are getting advanced and convenient as well (Muzalevsky, 2017). In current time nuclear domain
and cyber domain are regarded as the major aspect which a country had and in the same manner
for gaining high edge security this is imperative that all the underground resources are activated
so that all the movement of enemies can be tracked. In current time when innovation is regarded
as as the key of success over enemies and to gain advantages over destruction. There are various

advantages which can be attained by a nation when they are using innovative technologies such
as their security measures and country existence.
CONCLUSION
From the above essay this can be concluded that after WWII drastic changes are seen
over culture and innovations within war. In this relation this can be said that there are major
constraints which can be exerted when high tech security is being rendered within a nation.
When a country is laced with global standards of security then they get power to deal with
threats and issues pertaining to national security. There are three basic domain existed within a
country such as land, sea and air. All these three domains are linked with security and other
dimensions of the nation. There are various innovation such as NCW, space and cyber domain,
nuclear domain which are essentially used within new phase of war and can be associated with
dealing with different threats faced by the country. In current time ground force and air force are
the major forces which are helping in order to change face of war as these domains are having
power to deal with greatest threat. On the other hand in 21st century due to introduction of
differentiated innovation this can be said that phase of war has change purely and all new and
innovative gadgets or technologies are used by security forces.

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