HLTAAP001 TAFE Case Study: Recognising Healthy Body Systems

This HLTAAP001 case study assessment explores the recognition of healthy body systems through three distinct scenarios. The first case focuses on Gemma, a 65-year-old wheelchair user with multiple risk factors including a history of stroke, obesity, and recent urinary tract infections. It examines the impact of nutrition, hydration, and lifestyle choices on her health. The second case features Mr. Ibrahim, a healthy 70-year-old seeking advice on maintaining his health through exercise and diet. The assessment explores recommendations for weight management, fluid balance, and constipation relief. The third case involves Maryam, a 60-year-old with an Arabic background, who is overweight and has high blood pressure, and is a smoker. It identifies the body systems affected by her lifestyle and provides advice on smoking cessation and lifestyle modifications. The solutions provided offer practical advice and interventions for each scenario.

1. Case Study Assessment
Criteria
Unit code, name and release number
HLTAAP001 Recognise healthy body systems (1)
Qualification/Course code, name and release number
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Assessment Declaration
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where due acknowledgement is made.
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collaboration has been authorised by the assessor concerned.
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cited. No part of this assessment is plagiarised.
This declaration only needs to be completed if you are not submitting your assessment online.
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Assessment instructions
Assessment details Instructions
Assessment overview The objective of this assessment is to assess your knowledge and
skills as would be required to work effectively with information
about the human body and its healthy functioning in at least three
different situations.
Assessment Event
number
3 of 3
Instructions for this
assessment
This is a written case study assessment and it will be conducted as
a take home assessment. You should use your reference text and
learning notes when completing this assessment.
Your assessor will provide assessment results and feedback online,
or via the feedback form at the end of this document.
Note: if you are submitting through an online platform, the
assessor will give you feedback via the platform.
This assessment is in three parts:
1. Case study scenario 1 and short answer scenarios
2. Case study scenario 2 and short answer scenarios
3. Case study scenario 3 and short answer scenarios
And is supported by
 assessment feedback.
Submission
instructions
On completion of this assessment, you are required to submit it to
your Teacher/Assessor for marking. Where possible, submission
and upload of all required assessment files should be via the TAFE
NSW online learning platform.
It is important that you keep a copy of all electronic and hardcopy
assessments submitted to TAFE and complete the assessment

Assessment details Instructions
declaration when submitting the assessment.
What do I need to do
to achieve a
satisfactory result?
To achieve a satisfactory result for this assessment all questions
must be answered correctly.
What do I need to
provide?
Computer and/or pens and paper, internet access if submitting
assessment online, ability to print or email completed assessment,
learning notes, student ID, optional recommended text as per
Course Assessment Guide.
What the assessor
will provide?
Printed copy of assessment, assessment guidance and feedback.
Due date Teacher/Assessor to complete as per assessment schedule
Time allowed Indicative time: 3 hours to complete this assessment.
Assessment
feedback, review or
appeals
In accordance with the TAFE NSW policy Manage Assessment
Appeals, all students have the right to appeal an assessment
decision in relation to how the assessment was conducted and the
outcome of the assessment. Appeals must be lodged within 14
working days of the formal notification of the result of the
assessment.
If you would like to request a review of your results or if you have
any concerns about your results, contact your Teacher/Assessor or
Head Teacher. If they are unavailable, contact the Student
Administration Officer.
Contact your Head Teacher for the assessment appeals procedures
at your college/campus.
Specific task instructions

Read each of the three Case Study Scenarios and answer the short answer questions in the
spaces provided.

Part 1: Case study scenario 1 and short answer questions
Read the Case Study Scenario below then complete the short answer questions in the spaces
provided. Take note of the word length requirements where indicated.
Case Study Scenario 1
Gemma is 65 years old and uses a wheelchair to mobilise due to experiencing a stroke 10
years ago. Gemma is 95kgs and has a family history of type 2 diabetes.
She used to smoke but quit three months ago.
She tries to eat a healthy diet but often has takeaway food as she finds it difficult to cook for
herself and admits she knows very little about nutrition. She also doesn’t drink very much as
going to the toilet ‘is a hassle’.
She does very little exercise – she used to before her accident but has not exercised since.
Gemma has had a series of urinary tract infections recently resulting in high temperatures
and confusion. She has also stated she been constipated for some weeks.
1. List the eight risk factors that will impact Gemma’s health.
In the case of Gemma, several risk factors can adversely affect the health condition.
The healthy body system can be managed with a nutritional diet, regular exercise, and
appropriate management of the health complications or disease, which Gemma does not
address on her daily life basis. Those eight risk factors are as follow.
 Lack of nutrients
 Dehydration due to the inappropriate drinking of water,
 Chances of several other health complications like diabetes
 Obesity due to the lack of exercise.
 High blood pressure
 Heart disease
 Severe headache
 High cholesterol

All these risk factors are interconnected because high cholesterol increases due to
the lack of nutrients and exercise, increasing the chances of heart disease, high
blood pressure, stroke, and diabetes.

2. Outline what you could tell Gemma about how good nutrition and hydration would
contribute to her health. (40-60 words)
Gemma should understand that nutrition and hydration are essential for her health and
quality of life. Good nutrition and hydration would contribute to her health, Because
under the age of 56, above the appropriate food and drink helps to recover the individuals
from health issues and complications. For Gemma, healthy eating and hydration can helps
her to recover from the stroke. It helps control risk factors like blood pressure and body
weight, reduce the risk of another stroke, reduce the length of stay at the care process, and
prevent readmission to the hospital. Good nutrition and hydration help manage proper
biological functions of the body system and aid in disease prevention or control. Along
with all these benefits, this also helps succeed in other interventions and therapies of
stroke treatment and management. For example, cognitive and pharmaceutical
interventions are succsefly achieve health control outcomes with the help of healthy food
and hydration.
3. Briefly explain why Gemma would become confused when she has a urinary tract
infection. (10-30 words)
A patient like Gemma, who faced an ischemic stroke, also suffered from confusion in UTI
because the immune system changes with aging, which respond differently to the infection
rather than urination. Immunosuppression dysfunction causes the chances of confusion in
UTI. This problem in Gemma is also due to the neurologic symptoms of a stroke.
4. What specific advice would you give Gemma about how to reduce the incidence of
urinary tract infections? (10-20 words)
The specific advice for Gemma to reduce the incidence of urinary tract infections is as
follows.
Drink the appropriate amount of water and other healthy fluids, keep your body clean
along with intimate area. One of the most important things to prevent UTI is keeping
bacteria out of the system, which can be done by drinking plenty of water. That is the
simplest way to avoid UTI by flushing bacteria out of the bladder. Patients have to drink
more fluids and water to flush the bacteria and other infections causing components out of

the body through the urinary tract.

Part 2: Case study scenario 2 and short answer questions
Read the Case Study Scenario below then complete the short answer questions in the spaces
provided. Take note of the word length requirements where indicated.
Case Study Scenario 2
Mr Ibrahim is a healthy 70 year old with no known medical issues other than constipation.
He comes to you to seek advice on how he can maintain his health.
Mr Ibrahim is 1.75m tall and his weight is 75kg. According to BMI calculations, this puts
him in the normal category.
Mr Ibrahim has never smoked and generally has a healthy, balanced diet. He takes his dog
for a walk each morning.
1. List two things you could advise Mr. Ibrahim to do to maintain his weight.
To maintain healthy body weight, Mr. Ibrahim can do regular exercise because AHSRI
(2021) research proves that individuals with high activity levels can support their body
weight effectively. Mr. Ibrahim should also focus on body hydration because the full
stomach senses signal the brain to stop eating. It reduces hunger and helps in weight
management. Planning a healthy balanced diet is also essential in weight control.
2. Outline for Mr Ibrahim how regular exercise would contribute to his health. (40-60
words)
Regular exercise can contribute to Mr. Ibrahim health management because he is having
constipation, in context to which workout is can be very helpful. Exercise lowers the time
it takes food to move through the large intestine. That also limits the amount of water
absorbs from the stool, which helps pass the stools easily. Regular exercise also helps to
develop good muscle tone which further helps in regular bowel movements.

3. List two things you could advise Mr Ibrahim to do to help maintain his fluid and
electrolyte balance.
The two intervention or electrolyte balance and maintenance instructions for Mr Ibrahim
are whole foods, hold the salt.
Eat whole food- This is the essential intervention to balance the electrolyte in the body, as
it helps fulfill all essential nutrients. Examples are legumes, such as lentils, black beans.
Whole grains, such as whole-wheat bread and pasta. Fruits, such as berries, apples, etc.
Hold the salt- It is essential to balance the body electrolyte to balance the sodium level by
managing the appropriate amount of salt in the diet. Mr. Ibrahim has to take care of the
proper hydration and sodium in the diet to balance the electrolyte level.
4. What specific advice would you give Mr Ibrahim about how to manage constipation?
(15-40 words)
For managing constipation, there is some specific advice for Mr. Ibrahim. That advice are
managing body hygiene, proper drinking of water and healthy fluids, healthy eating by
adding the whole food. Add more fiber to the diet as this helps in the bowel movements
improvement. Which further helps the progress of stool pass from the intestine. Another
essential piece of advice is regular exercise to smooth the muscles and improve bowel
movements.

Part 3: Case study scenario 3 and short answer questions
Read the Case Study Scenario below then complete the short answer questions in the spaces
provided. Take note of the word length requirements where indicated.
Case Study Scenario 3
Maryam has an Arabic background and enjoys cooking traditional food for friends and
family.
She is 60 years old, 1.54m tall and her weight is 98kg. According to BMI calculations this
puts her in the overweight category and means she has high blood pressure.
Maryam currently smokes about 15 cigarettes a day. She says her job is stressful and she
has started smoking more in recent years because of stress.
She does not drink alcohol, but she drinks between 6 and 8 cups of coffee per day.
1. List two body systems that may be affected by Maryam’s lifestyle.
The respiratory system, central nervous system, digestive system, and circulatory system
of Maryam may be affected by her lifestyle.
Respiratory system- Obesity and cigarette are the adverse factors of people's lifestyle,
harming the respiratory system. Maryam is considered under the overweight category, due
to which there is the chance of mechanical compression of the diaphragm, lungs, and chest
cavity. Which further leads to pulmonary damage and increased pulmonary resistance. In
other had cigarettes smoking damaging the airways and the alveoli, which causes lung
disease.
Circularity system- Smoking is the major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and
mortality because cigarette contains more than 4000 chemical substances, including
nicotine and carbon monoxide (CO). These ingredients of tobacco increase oxidative
stress, endothelial damage, and dysfunction of the circulatory system. Maryam drinks
between 6 and 8 cups of coffee per day. Coffee Is also associated with circularity system
issues. Coffee makes blood vessels narrower, leaving less place for the blood flow and
leading to higher blood pressure.
2. What should Maryam’s blood pressure be within ‘normal’ limits?

Maryam’s blood pressure should be less than 120 mm Hg (systolic), less than 80 mm Hg
(diastolic) within the normal limits. Lower than 159/99 is can be considered as normal
blood pressure.
3. What is the term used to describe a blood pressure higher than ‘normal’? (1
word)
The one word used to describe a higher blood pressure is Hypertension. That is the
common term used to describe the blood pressure higher than average measure.
4. List four suggestions you could make to Maryam about actions she could take to
improve her overall health and reduce her blood pressure to normal levels.
Some of the key care and management actions are given below in context to the Maryam
health condition improvement.
Regular exercise- 150 minutes a week exercise lowers the blood pressure by about 5 to 8
mm Hg. Maryam should exercise 30 minutes a day; this also helps in Weight loss.
Quit cigarettes- For a healthy lifestyle, one of the key measures is to quit the bad habits.
Replace the coffee with healthy fluids, such as fruit juices- Healthy Fluids help
digestion and weight loss. So Maryam has to drink more water and fruit juices.
Eat healthily and reduce sodium in your diet- This is one of the vital health care actions
to control body weight and higher blood pressure. Because balance diet helps in weight
control and less sodium helps reduce the systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the
Maryam.

Assessment Feedback
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