HND Business Environment Unit 1 Report: Tesco Plc Analysis, Sep 2020

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the business environment, focusing on different types of organizations, including public, private, and voluntary sectors, and their respective legal structures. It explores the size and scope of various organizations and examines how organizational ...Read More

Unit 1 - Business and
Business Environment

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................4
P1 Explain different types and purposes of organisations; public, private and voluntary sectors
and legal structures.................................................................................................................4
P2 Explain the size and scope of a range of different types of organisations........................6
M1 Analyse how the structure, size and scope of different organisations link to the business
objectives and product and services offered by the organisation...........................................8
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................8
P3 Explain the relationship between different organisational functions and how they link to
organisational objectives and structure..................................................................................8
M2 Analyse the advantages and disadvantages of interrelationships between organisational
functions and the impact that can have upon organisational structure...................................9
D1 Provide a critical analysis of the complexities of different types of business structures and
the interrelationships of the different organisational functions............................................10
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................10
P4 Identify the positive and negative impacts the macro environment has upon business
operations, supported by specific examples. / M3 Apply appropriately the PESTLE model to
support a detailed analysis of the macro environment within an organisation.....................10
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................12
P5 Conduct internal and external analysis of specific organisations in order to identify
strengths and weaknesses.....................................................................................................12
M4 Apply appropriately SWOT/TOWS analysis and justify how they influence decision-
making..................................................................................................................................14
P6 Explain how strengths and weaknesses interrelate with external macro factors. / D2
Critically evaluate the impacts that both macro and micro factors have upon business
objectives and decision-making...........................................................................................14
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................16
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................17

INTRODUCTION
Business and business environment are the two correspondent components which works
hand in hand. Through several businesses and industries business environment is developed and
the surroundings of a company are the environmental factor associated with the development and
number of influences present. Hence, business environment is defined as a mixture of internal
and external factors that are surrounded around the organisations operations and work
environments (Gaganis, Pasiouras and Voulgari, 2019). There are several parties and elements
which affect and influence a business that categorised as internal such as employees and external
for example customers. These elements surrounding an organisation have significant impact on
company's decision-making and work practices. Therefore, the importance of studying the
business environment of a firm in respective industry is must.
The present report is carried on with discussion on such business environmental factors.
The size, scope and nature of three types of organisations that are Private, Public and Voluntary
are discussed. Moving along, an example company is chosen for carrying the whole report that is
Tesco Plc where interrelationships between functional units of organisation are showcased. Then
moving further, SWOT analysis is performed for seeking an understanding about internal
environmental factors and PESTLE analysis is developed for seeking knowledge about external
environmental factors. Lastly, in the report an inter-relationship in between the internal and
external factors are described with reference to internal strengths and weaknesses and PEST
(Political, Economic, Social and Technological).
The project is constructed on Tesco Plc which is a large multinational public company,
established in 1919 by Jack Cohen. Tesco Plc is headquartered in United Kingdom and operates
in several locations around the globe. Tesco deals in retail sector with its supermarkets,
hypermarket, superstores and convenience shops. The entity have recently introduced its
discounted store in United Kingdom for managing and dealing with increasing competition and
its is known as Jack's.

TASK 1
P1 Explain different types and purposes of organisations; public, private and voluntary sectors
and legal structures.
Business organisation has three major types in which they are placed and differentiated
accordingly. These three types are Public, Private and Voluntary, which are unique and
separate from one another. These business organisations differ themselves through range of
service and products they offer to people and their potential customer. As well the legal
structures of the organisations are different from one another and place them in separate sections.
All the three types of organisations, their purpose and their legal structures elaborated underneath
in the section.
PUBLIC ORGANISATION: Definition- The public sector organisation are those who are responsible and accountable
to public and external stakeholders that are general public. The public sector
organisations are controlled and regulated by government having full power on decision
making and processing of the business. The public sector organisations can trade their
shares in public for which they pay dividends to shareholders and mostly use the funds
raised as capital for running the business operations. For example. Tesco Plc a public
company dealing in retail sector offering consumable goods to customer in the lowest
cost possible. The company is present in several geographical locations and offers their
offerings to worldwide customers (Eling and Schaper, 2017). Purpose- The key purpose and aim of a public sector organisation is clear and
concentrated on earning profits and running their operations for the supporting the
welfare and development of society and general public. The purpose of Tesco Plc is to
keep serving customers and providing them the daily required goods in minimal cost
possible in the whole industry amongst all competitors and also to facilitate their smallest
needs possible.
 Legal Structure- The legal structure of a public company is involves the contribution of
all shareholders and third parties. The public companies are separate legal entities and
their decision making is dependent upon the laws and regulations of government and
implications of shareholders votes and power. Hence, the legal structure of Tesco Plc is

influences and imposed by shareholders and company needs to make sure that all the
agendas which are necessary for shareholders are achieved by the company.
PRIVATE ORGANISATION: Definition- A private organisation is an business entity that has established its operations
in their preferred market and industrial sector where they conducts and initiates business
transactions for fulfilling needs of customer's and in return charging them certain amount
of money for serving and addressing their requirements. A private sector organisation
involves further divisions that are a Sole Proprietorship, Partnership and Company. For
example, Dyson Plc, is a private company of United Kingdom which operates in
Technology industry and its main offering is manufacturing home appliances like
vacuum cleaners, hand dryers, air purifiers etc (Escaleras and Chiang, 2017). Purpose- The purpose of a private organisation which is either a sole proprietorship,
partnership or a company is similar that is or earning profits by making sales and earning
higher revenues everyday. The private organisation run their operations with focusing on
keeping customers happy for keeping their revenue generation continuous. Therefore,
aim of Dyson Ltd justified by it, as the business owners has the purpose of serving
customers in the best possible manner to keep on earning increased revenues and profits.
 Legal Structure- The legal structure of a private organisation or a privately owned
business is simple as no governments are involved within the operations. The legal
structure of a private organisation is established and dependent on the top level
management of the business and of any type of private owned organisation. The top level
management of a company also have rights to take decision in regards to the laws and
standards of company and make regular changes in them according to the requirements
and changes being introduced.
VOLUNTARY ORGANISATION: Definition- A Voluntary organisation is a self developed business entity where people
come together with their capital investments and voluntary efforts to make society a
better place to live and render the best of services to people who are unable to help
themselves due to any of the reasons. A voluntary organisation is self controlled by the
member individuals who are engaged in the functioning and operations. For example,

Cancer research, UK is a charitable institute which was formed in 2002 and
headquartered in Wales and England, United Kingdom. Purpose- The purpose of a Voluntary organisation is simple and in favour of people of
society for the whom the company or the institute is established. The purpose of a
voluntary organisation is certainly focused on making difference in life of people who are
suffering and are not able to help themselves. Organisation like Cancer Research is a
great example of such practice, as the institute is established with the focus on keeping
people aware about cancerous diseases and also to find out solutions for people sufferings
(Shageeva and et. al., 2017).
 Legal Structure- The legal structure of a voluntary organisation is not at all complicated
it is concern of the member to develop a proper legal structure for its operation and also
to make them in accordance with considering political factors as government can
intervene for seeking knowledge about the rightful working of the business.
P2 Explain the size and scope of a range of different types of organisations.
The scope and size of business organisations can be ranged from Small, Medium and
Large. The above discussed types of business entities that are Public, Private and Voluntary are
then ranged on the basis of their size and scope. Hence, the comparison and differentiation of
different ranged organisations is presented below in context to their types.
BASIS SMALL MEDIUM LARGE
Definition The small scale
organisation or
business entity
operates in market
with the motive of
fulfilling the basic
needs of people
through their
offerings. In UK,
Ella's Kitchen is an
example of a small
The medium
organisational entity is
the business which
commonly offers value
to the need satisfaction
of customer with a
little higher standards.
The aim is to improve
the living standard on
the grounds of basic
profit. For example, in
A large business
organisation is the one
with long term
objectives with future
expansion aims and
keep on running the
business in
marketplace for the
longest period
possible. For example,
Tesco Plc is a large

business entity. UK a medium sized
business is Smith
Brothers.
organisation which is
serving to multiple
customer's worldwide
and also plans to
expand further.
Size The size of a small
business organisation
is dependent on their
employee size and
turnover that is
between 0-10.
In medium sized
business the total
number of workers is
between 50 to 249 as
these are necessary for
running the business
effectively (Mbaye
and Gueye, 2018).
In large organisations
the number includes
more than 250
employees.
Scope The scope of a small
size business is to
have appropriate
opportunity to deal
and survive at the local
market where they are
running their
operations.
The medium sized
businesses are
commonly family
owned and are
managed by their
virtue size. The
ownership of a
medium sized business
is separated from
management.
The large businesses
are complex in nature
and also have great
number of business
operations on the daily
basis. Hence, the
scope of large
organisations is huge
as their numbers of
customers are large
and they have great
volume of business
communication and
contacts.

M1 Analyse how the structure, size and scope of different organisations link to the business
objectives and product and services offered by the organisation.
In the above section of the report the discussion is conducted over different types of
organisation and their sizes, scope and objectives. The organisational structure that is legal
aspect, its size, scope and objectives do have significant influence on target and objectives of the
company. As the organisational size defines it in the market by categorising it into the respective
sector, the organisational legal structure defines the rules and regulation which the entity needs
to follow while conducting their operations with international or domestic markets. hence it is
clear that organisational objectives are directly linked with the size scope and structure as well as
the offerings of the company are dependent upon it (Vlados, 2019).
TASK 2
P3 Explain the relationship between different organisational functions and how they link to
organisational objectives and structure.
Organisational structure refers to the system and the hierarchy in which a certain
organisation directs their activities for attaining their good and objectives. There are several
different types of organisational structures that are present in the external environment which can
be adopted by businesses in order to successfully implement their actions in the current
marketplace. These organisational structures are functional structure, divisional structure, Matrix
structure, flat structure and many other.
Organisational structure of Tesco Plc which is followed by the entity is hierarchical
structure which reflects the larger size of the business and the worldwide presence of the entity.
At store level there are four levels of Management. In which regional Manager is placed first,
then the store manager is placed and then the three departmental managers are placed. Lastly, the
last layer is of section managers and human resource assistance.
ORGANISATIONAL FUNCTIONS OF TESCO PLC:
 Marketing Function- The Marketing department of an organisation is a functional unit
which is responsible for its promotion and studying awareness about the company’s
presence as well as existence in the market. the marketing department of Tesco is
responsible for several tasks such as conducting promotional activities, taking care of

online as well as offline platforms for promoting their offerings, conducting market
research in order to develop effective and strong marketing plans and many more.
 Human Resource Function- The human resource or employees or personnel’s or
workforce are the different names which are used by businesses for addressing the people
who are responsible for different activities and conducting business operations. The
Human Resource Department of an entity is responsible for majorly fulfilling the
requirement of the entity of employees. In this manner the Human Resource Department
of Tesco is responsible for conducting such activities like recruitment and selection,
training and development, recording and appraisals of human resource and people
belonging to the organisation (Hajizadeh, 2019).
 Production Function- The production department or function is involved in
manufacturing activities of the business where all the operations that are related to
construction and completion of raw material into finished goods is involved. The
production department of Tesco works for manufacturing the food products that are
offered by the brand with its own brand name in the retail stores.
INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE FUNCTIONAL DEPARTMENTS OF
TESCO PLC:
 Marketing and Human Resource Department- The major interrelationship between both
marketing and Human Resource Department exist when the company requires more
individuals and specifically the marketing department needs more professional within the
team for filling the vacant position for adding more skills set to the team.
 Production and marketing department- The production and marketing department of
Tesco interlinks when company is planning to innovate and the production department is
developing prospective designs and plans for building and bringing something new for
customers. The marketing department conducts market research which is a helpful
resource for production department and here both functional units are interlinked and
connects for using the provided resources in the most beautiful manner.
M2 Analyse the advantages and disadvantages of interrelationships between organisational
functions and the impact that can have upon organisational structure.
In an organisation the functional units are interlinked and dependent on one another for
conducting their assigned tasks and fulfilling the given objective in order to contribute to the

ultimate objectives of the business. In the same manner there are different functional units of
Tesco which are interrelated and these relationships do have certain advantages and
disadvantages. The most common advantage of interrelated businesses is the increased
productivity of operations as well as functional units of the business. On the other hand the
disadvantage is higher dependency of functional units on one another which sometimes affect
their performance.
D1 Provide a critical analysis of the complexities of different types of business structures and the
interrelationships of the different organisational functions.
There are different business organisational structures which are used by entities
according to their objectives, sizes and scope. Hence it is proved that all the organisational
structures are separated and renders unique benefits to the company. Sometimes these
organisational structures creates complexities for business operations to enter link and work
together. Such as if Tesco would be using divisional structure it would be difficult for different
departments belonging to different geographical areas to be connected with one another creating
a complexity for the business and operational activities (Stoyanova and Harizanova-Bartos,
2017).
TASK 3
P4 Identify the positive and negative impacts the macro environment has upon business
operations, supported by specific examples. / M3 Apply appropriately the PESTLE model
to support a detailed analysis of the macro environment within an organisation.
For evaluating and studying the external environment of Tesco Plc, PESTLE analysis is
the tool which is used as it helps in seeking thorough understanding and monitoring the macro
environmental factors which may impact the performance of the organisation. The PESTLE is a
tool which is applicable to external analysis and used for the purpose of knowing the elements
which are risky or profitable and have long term impact on the business. The PESTLE is
abbreviated from Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental. The
PESTLE of Tesco Plc is as follows in the section below: Political factor talks about the extent of the government intervention on the company. In
context to Tesco, the company operates globally in different countries so it has to comply

with the regulations of different locations. Apart from this, it has to keep a check on the
political circumstances which may change anytime.
◦ Positive- Tesco Plc has the knowledge of several regions and their political
environment which renders company a required market knowledge and information.
◦ Negative- Tesco Plc is exposed to several political environments which is a huge
concern as the company needs to comply with them all. Economic element involves the factors which may affect the performance of economy.
Tesco Plc offers its offerings in wide range of economies which expose it to several
economical risks like inflation may affect the purchasing power of the people which will
have direct impact on the sale of the company (Jadan, 2020).
◦ Positive- The positive factor of economy for Tesco Plc is the UK's economy is known
for its stability offered to businesses and domestic companies like Tesco Plc.
◦ Negative- The organisation has to keep an eye on the economic changes which occur
in the country which may affect its profits and revenue. Social element of PESTLE represents the demographic characteristic, custom, norms and
value of the people of the area in which the company is dealing. In regards of Tesco Plc,
the demands of the population nowadays depend upon the societal influence and
changing market trends. The changing trends in the culture environment need to be
assessed by the company so that it can meet the demands of customers (Nguimkeu,
2016).
◦ Positive- The positive aspect of the social factor is increasing development
opportunities due to evolving market demands.
◦ Negative- Tesco Plc has to face the critical and severely changing work environment
which creates uncertainties and risks. Technological factors talks about the technological changes in the environment and
industry being introduced (Çitilci and Akbalık. 2020). Tesco Plc is techno friendly
organisation which always works towards experimenting with the technology and
expanding its business through it like by using online sources for influencing the
customer with technological benefits.
◦ Positive- The technological factor have supported and impacted the company by
resulted in raising its revenue from both offline and online shopping.

◦ Negative- The negative factor is less of people coming visiting physical stores which
is increasing their costs. Legal factor includes the specific legal requirements of different regions in which
organisations has its operations which affect the companies. As Tesco Plc is a global
company, it has to comply with different nation's policies and laws by following
domestic and international laws for its smooth functions.
◦ Positive- The legal aspects enable Tesco Plc to keep itself appropriately engaged in
working according to proper regulations and requirements of the country as well as of
the governments needs (Crowley and Jordan, 2017).
◦ Negative- The negative factor or the legal concept is the firm sometimes have to deal
with unknown and unnecessary fee and legal charges. Environmental factor have come into front due to scarcity in resources from recent past
decades and the impact on environment from the industrial operations. Tesco Plc is
aware about the decreasing environmental conditions and have been working on
improving the environment so that a sustainable society is created.
◦ Positive- The positive aspect of environmental factor is the increased goodwill of
organisation and revenue units as well. It is easy to attract customers by using
environmental approaches.
◦ Negative- The cost involvement in such practices and operations is huge which
affects the company' low cost strategy (Moktadir and et. al., 2020).
TASK 4
P5 Conduct internal and external analysis of specific organisations in order to identify strengths
and weaknesses.
Organisational strengths and weaknesses are the factors which are affecting it internally
and influence the firms decision making. The SWOT analysis model is a useful tool to
understand and seek knowledge about the internal strengths and weaknesses of Tesco Plc and
how the company can combat those weaknesses by using and exploring presented opportunities.
Thus, SWOT analysis of Tesco Plc is developed and presented as under:
SWOT ANALYSIS OF TESCO PLC:
Strengths Weaknesses

 One of the biggest strength of Tesco
Plc is the company's leading market
share and the position it holds of being
the largest grocery retailer in UK which
is also flourishing worldwide.
 The next strong factor of Tesco Plc is
the company has a strong diversified
portfolio in several geographical
locations offering and presenting its
products and services to larger market
and gaining a competitive edge over
other rivals (Trad and Kalpić, 2017).
 Tesco Plc has a huge products portfolio
and the company diversify itself
through it. Along with it Tesco Plc also,
satisfy the needs and requirements of
numerous people.
 A biggest weaknesses which recently
took place in relevance to Tesco Plc is
its failure of business operations in
United States and Japanese market
which made the company exit the
markets.
 Poor operational performance of Tesco
Plc is the next weakness which is
significant for the organisation. This
became a weakness for Tesco Plc in
some specific regions due to lack of
market knowledge and research before
entering the market.
 The third concerning weaknesses is the
low cost strategy of Tesco Plc which is
making it difficult for the business to
sustain and survive.
Opportunities. Threats
 Expansion and growth is the biggest
opportunity which is available in-front
of Tesco Plc and most commonly to all
business organisations. The company is
expanding as it has recently introduced
Jack's its discounted retail outlet.
 Strategic alliance is a huge and value
adding possibility for Tesco Plc to
explore in which the brand will be
joining hands with other brands and
developing a joint venture in those
regions where company's performance
 Currently the biggest threat to
businesses which is created in recent
years is execution of Brexit deal. This
has caused fluctuations and
uncertainties in marketplace causing a
huge threat (Kiefhaber, Pavlovich and
Spraul, 2020).
 Another threat is increasing
competition and aggressive behaviours
of existing rivals. The retail industry is
changing and aggressively increasing
which is resulting aggressive

is not competent enough like US and
Japan.
behaviours of exiting rivals and day to
day increasing competitions within the
industry.
M4 Apply appropriately SWOT/TOWS analysis and justify how they influence decision-making.
In the discussion above SWOT analysis of Tesco Plc is conducted which enable the
business to look over those strong and value adding factors that are having significant impacts
and influence over firms functioning. The strengths and opportunities of Tesco Plc can easily
develop growth options for the firm and lead it towards success. The weaknesses identified of
lack of market knowledge can be overcome through developing strategic alliances and entering
in the market place with better efficiency (Khajeheian, Friedrichsen and Mödinger, 2018).
Hence, SWOT described and showcased the influence the internal factors have over long term
decision making of Tesco and its management.
P6 Explain how strengths and weaknesses interrelate with external macro factors. / D2 Critically
evaluate the impacts that both macro and micro factors have upon business objectives and
decision-making.
Political
 Strength- One of the biggest strength of Tesco is its huge diversified portfolio which
enables the entity to be present in larger market in geographical locations. Politically this
is companies’ strength as the firm is benefited with strong relations with different
International governments that enable them to work productively in the given market
(Creedy and Hoang, 2018).
 Weakness- The political weakness which is faced by Tesco is increased risks and barriers
for the organisation in international markets due to wider exposure to several different
political requirements and political environmental factors of international workplaces.
The company has to comply with all the different political aspects which is a huge
concern for Tesco.
Economic Strength- The strength which is economically very beneficial for Tesco is its leading
market share within the industry amongst all the competitors. It is accordingly a

favourable strength for the organisation as it allows Tesco to maintain its low cost
strategy and work according to the plans developed. Weakness- The economical weakness for Tesco is its low cost strategy which is
becoming a concerning aspect because by using the low cost strategy it is becoming very
difficult for Tesco to sustain in the market there are several different factors associated
with the operations (Kasemsap, 2016).
Social Strength- The social strength Tesco PLC is the large product portfolio which the
company offers and maintains. Tesco has a large product portfolio which involves
different types of product and services that are needed and served to people according to
their requirements. it is a social strength because now a days the market is dynamic, and
trends in social environment are fluctuating that creates a huge advantage for the
company while serving to the potential customers. Weakness- The social weakness which occurred for Tesco is failure of its operation in
United States and Japan. This became a social weakness for the organisation because
become the company do not had or developed appropriate market knowledge before
entering the Retail industry of United States and Japan. This created a weakness because
Tesco was unable to understand the requirements of people and which made it difficult
for a company to survive in respective marketplace (Nguimkeu, 2016).
Technological Strength- A strength which is enjoyed by Tesco is the large market share and the leading
market position within the Retail industry in domestic and international market places.
This is because the company has a huge presence in markets and very much easily
accessible to people or potential customers. Technology has played a significant role in
rendering this as strength to Tesco because in developing a strong and wider presence in
market online platforms and use of technology enable the company to attain their
respective objectives. Weakness- The technological weakness for Tesco is now most people are willing and
wishing to shop online these results in lowering foot falling in organisational stores and
retail supermarkets (Kwilinski and et. al., 2019). It becomes a weakness because the cost

of maintaining the supermarkets is huge and the returns on it are low due to extreme
involvement of technologies in operations.
CONCLUSION
In the presented discussion and evaluation on business and business environment in the
report above it can be concluded that a dynamic market place establishes huge complications as
well as opportunities for organisations to earn larger profits and engage in their growth. The,
presented report above discussed the implications of different size, scope, legal structure and
nature of organisations. The factors divides them in three categorises and their presence in
market changes. The three types are Public, Private and Voluntary, all the organisations have
separate aims and objectives which differentiate them form one another and keep them engaged
in respective business operations. Moreover, in the report, SWOT and PESTLE analysis tools are
used for making evaluation of the internal and external factors of the company which resulted in
seeking understanding of the surrounding of the company and how it requires to make changes in
order to excel in industry and become more and more competitive.

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