HND Business (Management): Roles of Leaders and Managers Report

This report analyzes the roles of leaders and the functions of managers within an organizational context. It explores various leadership theories and models, including the systematic leadership model, contingency leadership theory, and situational leadership theory. The report highlights the importance of adapting leadership styles to different situations, such as product planning, employee motivation, and decision-making processes. It also includes a case study of Marks & Spencer, examining how managers and leaders addressed challenges related to healthcare service delivery and employee productivity. The report emphasizes the significance of clear objectives, effective communication, and employee engagement in achieving organizational goals and minimizing disruptions. The application of different theories like Fiedler's theory for motivating personnel is also discussed. The report concludes by emphasizing the importance of a flexible and adaptive approach to leadership in the modern competitive market.

Management and Operations
Scenario 2

 There are different types of situations which the managers and
leaders have to face in the organisation daily.
 Different challenges that may arise in the organisation are-
low level of funds available in the organisation, recruitment
processes, and directives of social policies.
P2 Examining the examples of roles of a leader and functions
of a manager in various situations

 A decline in delivery of health care has been predicted by the
managers and leaders just because there is a deficiency of new
techniques available in other hospitals. The possible changes
can be anticipated by managers to the changes that can affect
the organisation.
 They have the clear vision of major objectives of the entity so
that they can guide in a more appropriate manner in order to
achieve the objectives, organise and motivate them to resist
the changes and in order to minimise disruption by ensuring
the stability.
Contd…

 There was a challenge in the Marks & Spencer a few years
ago relating to the delivery of appropriate health care services
to the employees and the symptoms of this challenge was
easily noticeable by the mangers and leaders in the entity.
 The consequence of this challenge were the low productivity
and heavy labour turnover from the organisation.
 As soon as the problem as well as causes of the problem being
identified by the superiors in the organisation they formed the
strategy to ensure the better status of the organisation.
Contd…

 The strategy includes shuffling and changing employees with
the help of hiring and firing, duties were reassigned, training
has been given to employees by manager of the organisation
and counselling has been done by the leader.
 Technology has also been improved, which includes
communication and reward systems, budget and stock control
etc.
 All these decisions of improvement has been taken by the
managers in order to maintain the employee retention and the
discussion part has been done by leaders.
Contd…

Theories and models of leadership are enumerated
below:
 Systematic leadership model
 Contingency leadership theory
 Situational leadership theory
P3 and M2 Different theories and models of approach

Systematic leadership model:
 Suitable in the case of product planning and
extension
 Ensures better improvement in the products or
services
Contd…

 Therefore, in this way, the entity can enhance the
quality of food products which will help in increasing
revenues of the company as well.
Contd…

Contingency leadership theory:
 Behaviour depends on situation
 Presents manner in relation to dealing under each condition
 contingency theories include Fiedler, the path- goal and
situational leadership
 Fiedler theory: Leadership depends on the motivation level of
leader and favourable situations.
Contd…

 The Path-goal theory defines that it is the responsibility of
leader to structure the company well and to create positive
work environment so that goal of the organization can be
accomplished. For instance, whenever a new candidate enters
into the
 M&S can adopt Fiedler theory for motivating personnel of the
business unit. This in turn helps in making person comfortable
and enables them to perform better in an organization.
Contd…

Situational leadership theory:
 This leadership style is one of the important theories in the
modern competitive market. So for an organisation to survive
in this environment, they have to be very flexible and adaptive
as well.
 A leader needs to be mature enough and emphasizes on task
and relationship behaviour more.
Contd…

 Inclusion of employees in decision making
 Such leadership style helps in enhancing revenues and
thereby profit
Contd…