Factors Affecting Job Satisfaction and Employee Turnover at Hilton

This research report investigates the factors contributing to job satisfaction and employee turnover within the hospitality industry, specifically focusing on Hilton. The report begins with an introduction outlining the background, aim, objectives, and research questions. It then presents a comprehensive literature review exploring talent management, job satisfaction, employee morale, career development, and the impact of employee-manager relationships. The research methodology employs a quantitative approach, utilizing a deductive research strategy and a survey questionnaire administered to 25 Hilton employees. Data analysis involves thematic analysis, presenting findings through graphs and charts. The report includes a detailed timescale, a section on the research methodology, and a reflection on the research process. Ultimately, the report aims to identify challenges faced by Human Resources in reducing employee turnover and provide recommendations to enhance job satisfaction and improve employee retention within the company, as well as, alternative strategies. The conclusion summarizes the key findings and provides recommendations for Hilton to improve employee satisfaction and reduce turnover.

Research Project

Table of Contents
Background:.................................................................................................................................3
Literature review..........................................................................................................................4
Research methodology.................................................................................................................5
Timescale.....................................................................................................................................6
P2 Research methodology............................................................................................................7
P3 Secondary Research (Literature Review).............................................................................10
Theme 1: Talent Management impact upon staff turnover........................................................10
Theme 2: Factors that contribute to job satisfaction..................................................................11
Theme 3: Elements that maximize employee turnover in company..........................................12
Theme 4: Challenges that face by Human Resource for reducing employee turnover and
provide job satisfaction..............................................................................................................13
P4 Data Analysis........................................................................................................................14
P5 Communicate the data analysis............................................................................................23
P6 Reflection..............................................................................................................................23
P7 Alternative strategy ..............................................................................................................23
Recommendation.......................................................................................................................24
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................24
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................26
Appendix........................................................................................................................................28
Questionnaire.............................................................................................................................28

Topic: Analysis of Job Satisfaction and Turnover in specific hotels
Background:
In this competitive era, every comp any wants to stay ahead in the business and for that
hospitality industry make sure that they make their employees comfortable within a business.
That is why, there is a need to make sure that employees are satisfied with the job and its
working environment. In the same way, the current research report is also based upon this topic
in which researcher will provide the factors that help or contribute to the job satisfaction and
ways to reduce the employee turnover as well within a hospitality industry.
Company overview:
The chosen firm for this report is Hilton which is a top hotel in UK and provide range of
services to their customers at low and reasonable rates as well. Further, the company currently
operates its business at more than 85 countries at worldwide level and that is why, it have more
than 500 hotels who provide its best services at reasonable rates. Hilton also have thousands of
employees and the firm also make sure that the workers show are working at Hilton are
comfortable or not.
Aim: “To investigate the impact of factors that contribute the job satisfaction and employee
turnover in the context of hospitality industry: A study on Hilton”
Objectives:
 To examine the Talent Management Impact on staff turnover
 To determine the factors that contribute to job satisfaction
 To examine the factors that increases the employee turnover in Hilton
 To ascertain the challenges that face by Human Resource for reducing employee turnover
and provide job satisfaction.
 To recommend the ways through which the challenges may overcome.
Research question:

 What are talent management impact on staff turnover?
 What are the factors that contribute to job satisfaction within hospitality industry?
 What are the factors that helps to increase the employee turnover in Hilton?
 What are the challenges face by Human Resource for reducing employee turnover and
provide job satisfaction?
 Recommend the ways through which the challenges may overcome
Rationale
The rationale for choosing this topic is such that may be researcher have their own
interest to study on the particular topic so that it will help to raise the knowledge and learn about
new things. Study on this topic will help the researcher to determine the ways through which HR
or employers of Hilton try to reduce the employee turnover rate within a business. Further,
another rationale for choosing this topic will help to examine the challenges which the HR faces
in order to minimize the issue of employee turnover rate.
Literature review
According to Cho and et.al., (2017) Hospitality industry provide range of services to
their customers and it also implement ways through which the employees will be easily feel
comfortable within a business. In the same way, developing good relationship with the
colleagues will also help to feel them comfortable within a business and they feel that they are
also important key element of the firm as well. Also,Mathieu and et.al., (2016) stated that
positive working environment is another key factor that also help to creates job satisfaction
among employees such that they need an environment which is healthy and safe and also help t
enhance their personal and professional relationship as well. That is why, it is another factor. As
a result, it creates positive impact upon the employee performance and business performance.
In the opinion of Chin(2018) Employee morale is the foremost factor that affect the
overall employee retention rate and that is why, it support to increase the employee turnover rate
as well. In addition to this, the lack of career development is another option that also affect the

overall employee performance because if the employee did not got any career development
opportunities from the company then they start frustrating and it will cause negative impact upon
business.Radwan and Zhu(2017) also argue that poor employee manager relationship is another
factor that assist to increase employee retention such that if there is no positive relationship with
employees then it starts lead to high employee turnover and the bottom line as well.
Al Mamun and Hasan(2017) evaluated that high employee turnover rate creates negative
impact upon the overall business and that is why, HR faces this as a critical issue especially in
the hospitality industry. In the same way, HR of the company faces issue with the same such that
they did not find a best match between the employee’s skill and the job and this, in turn affect the
overall business and employee performance. Further, sometimes, HR of the company did not
provide effective advancement opportunity for advancement of growth and this in turn leads to
increase the employee turnover rates within a business.
Research methodology
Research strategy: For this, researcher will chooses quantitative research strategy
because it did not based upon the raw numbers and using this method, researcher will easily
analyze the factors that contribute the job satisfaction and reduce employee turnover rate as well
(Bryman, 2016).
Research Approach: For the current study, researcher will chooses deductive research
approach that will assist to analyze the pattern in a data and meet the define aim i.e. to
investigate the factors that contribute the job satisfaction and reduce employee turnover rate.
Using this method, researcher conduct thestudy in more precise manner.
Data collection: Researcher will choses both types of data collection method. Such that
under primary, researcher prepare questionnaire under survey method which is asked to selected
sample (Bell, Bryman and Harley, 2018). Further, using secondary data collection methods, such
that books , articles, journals will help to conduct literature review that assist to answer the
research question and analyze the factors that contribute the job satisfaction and reduce
employee turnover rate
Data Analysis: For this, researcher will chooses thematic data analysis in which different
graphs, charts are presented through which researcher present the views of all selected

respondents (Lindlof and Taylor, 2017). So that it will help to meet the define aim i.e. the factors
that contribute the job satisfaction and reduce employee turnover rate and also conduct the
research in more precise manner.
Sampling: Under this, researcher will chooses simple random sampling method under
probability sampling method and 25 employees of Hilton are selected in order to examine the
views with regards to factors that contribute the job satisfaction and reduce employee turnover
rate
Timescale
Name Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Wee
k 7
Week
8
Selection of topic
Developing Aim
and objectives
Conducting
literature review
Selection of
research methods
Collection of
data
Analysis of data
Conclusion and
recommendations
Formatting
Feedback
Modification
Final Submission

P2 Research methodology
Research methodology is consider an important section for the research project because it
help the researcher to select the procedure and techniques which are used to determine, select
and analyze the information related to topic. Also, it is stated that with this section, help the
researcher to critically evaluate the study’s validity as well as reliability in order to attain the
define aim and objectives. There are many key element of the research methodology section such
that:
Research methodology is consider an important section for the research project because it
help the researcher to select the procedure and techniques which are used to determine, select
and analyze the information related to topic. Also, it is stated that with this section, help the
researcher to critically evaluate the study’s validity as well as reliability in order to attain the
define aim and objectives. There are many key element of the research methodology section such
that:
Research type: To conduct the research in better manner, there are three types of
research which can be used by the scholar such that qualitative, quantitative and mixed. Under
qualitative study, researcher mainly focus on obtaining data through open ended and
conversational communication, on the other side, quantitative study is all about to collect the
quantifiable information and then perform statistical technique in order to attain aim. Further,
mixed research type is all about to conduct the research which involves collecting, analyzing and
integrating the quantitative and qualitative data (Ghauri, Grønhaug and Strange, 2020).
Among all, quantitative study has been chosen by the researcher in which scholar work
with numerical data, which is really essential to do in context of gaining above aims and
objectives of this study. It is chosen by them because it helps to interpret the meaning from all
information which help to understand the factor that leads to contribute the job satisfaction and
employee turnover in hospitality industry. Furthermore, it can use to understand overall
concepts.
Research philosophy- Along with above research methods, it also play vital role in
current study by helping in achieving aim and objectives of research. It is a vast subject that
discussed in depth manner. Research philosophy in present in four forms interpretivism,

Realism, Pragmatism and positivism. Under interprevism, the key element are interpreted in
better manner to meet the define aim, while realism philosophy is all about the idea of
independence of a reality from a human mind (Al-Ababneh, 2020). But, Pragmatism is a mixture
of mixed methods in a research which focus on the research questions, and Positivism is used
when researcher chooses quantitative study and this in turn relies upon the true nature of society
and provide exact data as well.
But here only one is use by researcher that is applicable for present work and that is
positivism. Investigator of report uses this method because it helps to interpret key elements of
study in effective manner. Also, with the help of chosen research philosophy, investigator is able
to meet the define aim and conduct the study in better manner which in turn assist to understand
the factor that leads to contribute the job satisfaction and employee turnover in hospitality
industry. It deals with actual information and concept, this approach adheres to view that allow
researcher to gain knowledge and data relate to above topic. The benefits of this method is that it
provides hypotheses and deep analysis to investigator in context of measuring outcomes in form
of data relate to above subject.
Research Approach: It is the concept plan and procedure for the researcher which is a
broad assumption to the detail methods of data collection and interpretation. Hence, the entire
decision involves the approach which must be apply in order to analyze the appropriate
outcomes. There are three types of research approach such that deductive, Inductive and
Deductive (Giannetti, Magnacca and Mariani, 2018).
In context of this study, investigator uses deductive research method instead of inductive
as the overall study is based on quantitative research. The reason behind selecting this approach
that it allows researcher to gather key data which provide all information relate to topic. It is one
of the best methods chosen by researcher as it helps to examine pattern in information and meet
define goal of this research which aid to draw final conclusion. Furthermore, it could be analyzed
that chosen research approach provide possibility to define essential connections between
variables and concepts.
Data Collection: It is all about to collect and gather the information through which
researcher generate the best outcome by met the define aim. This is of two types such that

primary and secondary data collection (Land Dr and Vander Linden, 2019). Under primary data
collection, information is collected from the first handed sources through surveys and interviews,
while on the other side, secondary data collection are those method which are already collected
by someone else under books, journals etc.
Among all, researcher chooses both method I.e. primary and secondary. In primary
research, scholar chooses survey method in which questionnaire is designed, under this different
types of questions are asked related to the job satisfaction and employee turnover in hospitality
industry (Mortensen and Hughes, 2018). Further, under secondary research method, scholar
selected relevant books and articles related to job satisfaction which are published from 2015
onward. This will help the researcher to analyze the factor that contribute to job satisfaction and
answer the research questions as well.
Data analysis-in simple words data analysis is procedure of finding, cleaning and
transforming gather data into systematic manner. It is an approach in which information about
above topic is gathered and organized so that researcher and reader can drive helpful information
from it. It is another chapter of research methodology that can help to draw conclusion and help
in findings outcomes. There are varied ways accessible in market to conduct data analysis but in
regards to current study researcher can use thematic method that is suitable for qualitative
research. It helps to identify, analyze, describe, organize and report above themes found within
data set (Castleberry and Nolen, 2018). It is one of the most common types of data analysis that
help to interpretate patterns of meaning with qualitative data. With this approach research can
find out the best and appropriate results.
Sampling-It can be described as particular act or principle used to choose members of
population to be included in research. It rightly noted that due to wider populations of interest are
too big to work with directly methods of statistical sampling have been devised to get samples
taken from wider populations. This is of two types such that probability and non- probability
method, such that under probability sampling, which utilizes some form of random selection and
in which researcher also make sure that the different units from population are chosen. Further,
under non- probability sampling, in which researcher chooses sample on the basis of subjective
judgment rather than random selection (Kohler, Kreuter and Stuart, 2019). Under sampling,

researcher could select 25 respondents who are able to provide important data and have
appropriate knowledge about chosen topic.
In order to gather data about current topic and achieve aim as well as objectives research
use random sampling approach that is appropriate for research as it help them to collect a lot of
information through workers of Hilton hotel. Researcher selects 25 applicants of this company
who can provide better info as they are well aware about internal environment and activities at
workplace.
Ethical consideration-To finish this research, the Researcher has to take care of all the
things which are also necessary. They cannot force any person to take any type of information
related to current topic because it is not ethical manner. They will have to respect all the things
and keep the information given by participants safe for longer. Researcher is the only person
responsible for keeping the information safe for long. They must behave ethically and also act
accordingly which is quite beneficial for them as well as respondents.
It should not try to take any information that is illegal because it affects current study.
Cost: In order to meet the define aim, researcher require £250 which includes the
transportation charges, Internet charges and miscellaneous charges. Thus, this element determine
scholar about the amount which is spent in order to perform the research in better manner.
Accessibility: There are many issues face by the researcher in order to meet the define
aim such that there are sites which are access denied and at that time, researcher is not able to
answer some theme of the literature review which affect the results in negative manner. Hence,
accessibility of the research is affected the outcomes in negative manner.
Validity and Reliability:The validity and reliability of the study is depend upon the data
collection methods, such that under this research, scholar uses relevant books and articles which
are published latest i.e. from 2015 onward. Also, these books and articles are marked and
researcher is relied upon these data which in turn assist to accomplish the aim. Further, for
primary research, scholar take consent form the employees and through their views, researcher is
able to meet the define aim and objectives (Hopkins, 2017).

P3 Secondary Research (Literature Review)
Theme 1: Talent Management impact upon staff turnover
In accordance with Krishnan and Scullion (2017) Talent management is all about the
commitment to recruit, hire and retain the most talented and superior employees in the firm so
that they manage the work in easy manner. Such that the labor market of the company is entered
into new era i.e. innovation, knowledge development and increased competition. But on the other
side, the cost of recruiting employees and low retention of experted employees are consider some
major expenses for an organization. It is so because the success of a company is entirely depend
upon the employee retention which in turn assist the firm to reduce employee turnover intention
and enhance organizational efficiency.
On the other hand,McDonnell and et.al., (2017) argued that though employee retention is
consider the biggest challenge for HR but there is a need to develop effective strategy in order to
meet the define aim. That is why, with the help of talent management strategy which include
improved employee recruitment and staff retention staff’s and also enhanced the staff
engagement as well. Thus, it is analyzed that these results are linked with improved operational
and financial performance. So it is stated that there is a positive impact of talent management
upon staff turnover because an effective talent management planning and well support of
management keep engaging employees within a firm in order to meet the define aim. (Taylor,
2018)
Theme 2: Factors that contribute to job satisfaction
According toOwens and Patel, (2019) job satisfaction refers to an individual feeling of
satisfaction and fulfillment on the specific job which acts as a motivation to perform at
workplace. It analyzed that hospitality sector cater many facilities to its workers which makes
them able to enhance theirperformance and motivational level rather than before. Management
within hotel sector implement many ways through which staffs will be effectively feel happy and
comfortable at workplace which return decrease employee turnover. It can be said that by
developing good and better connections with workers administration will provide a good job
satisfaction. Good relationship with all the employees effectively contribute to higher job
satisfaction, it one of the best factors that influence in positive manner. It helps to improve
morale of existing and new applicants in workplace who are able to support in achieving