Hospitality Industry: Needs, Issues, Work Ethics, and Development

This report delves into the needs and issues within the hospitality industry, specifically examining work ethics, personal, and career development. It begins with an abstract and table of contents, followed by an introduction highlighting the significance of ethical behavior and its impact on customer satisfaction and career progression. The report then provides a comprehensive literature review, analyzing various articles related to job satisfaction, workplace relationships, mentoring, revenue management, talent management, and ethical climates within the hospitality sector. The review explores the gaps in existing research and identifies the research question, methods, and design used in the studies. The discussion and conclusion sections summarize the findings, while the research proposal outlines potential areas for future investigation. The report emphasizes the importance of ethical decision-making, employee skills, and the impact of factors such as work-life balance and psychological capital on employee satisfaction and career success. It also addresses the challenges of career decision-making, ethical dilemmas, and sustainable human resource management within the hospitality industry, offering valuable insights for professionals and academics alike.

Running head: NEEDS AND ISSUES IN HOSPITALITY
Needs and Issues in Hospitality:
Work Ethics, Personal and Career Development
Name of the student:
Name of the university:
Author note

1NEEDS AND ISSUES IN HOSPITALITY
Abstract
This particular topic has considered the needs and issues in the hospitality industry with respect
to work ethics, personal and career development. Previous literature was reviewed to gather
information relevant to the topic. The research had focused on the suitable methodologies and
used the relevant data analysis techniques. Gap in the specific literature was also found out,
which became a limitation in the particular research. It provided an opportunity for future
research on this topic.

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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Literature Review............................................................................................................................4
Gap in the literature.........................................................................................................................9
Research Question.........................................................................................................................10
Research Methods..........................................................................................................................10
Research Design............................................................................................................................11
Observation................................................................................................................................11
Case study..................................................................................................................................12
Survey........................................................................................................................................12
Discussion and Conclusion............................................................................................................14
Research Proposal..........................................................................................................................14
Introduction................................................................................................................................14
Literature Review......................................................................................................................15
Research Design and Methods...................................................................................................16
Discussion..................................................................................................................................18
Conclusion.................................................................................................................................19
Recommendation.......................................................................................................................20
Bibliography..................................................................................................................................21

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Introduction
The hospitality industry has voluntarily taken consideration of their ethical behavior and
recognized the importance for its improvement. Different kinds of hospitality management
programs are effective in fulfilling the needs by implementing formal ethical instruction and
observing the change in ethical behavior. It is an important part of the hotel industry to influence
the growth and development of better ethical decision- making. To overcome the needs and
issues in the hospitality industry for personal and career development, it is important to define
the ethical standard of the specific sector. As it is numerous billion dollar industry, therefore it
relies on the accessibility of spare time and non-refundable income. This specific industry is
responsible for providing a wide range of career options. The employees in the industry need to
possess certain skills to work in this industry. These skills and qualities are those that the
managers look for while recruiting and the customers while visiting the hotel or restaurant
(Nachmias & Walmsley, 2015).
Customer satisfaction is of utmost importance in the hospitality industry and an employee
is expected to show his total commitment in achieving that. Maintaining proper business ethics is
a significant criterion for personal and career development in the hospitality industry and it might
need to walk an extra mile for customer satisfaction and repeat business. Most of the people in
the hospitality face the issues of ethical dilemma regularly. Moreover, exciting as well as
difficult ethical issues affects the specific sector. Therefore, ethical decision- making and
behavior is considered a major area in the hospitality sector. It is a problem, which has engulfed
all the companies world- wide. This particular research has focused on the previous works done
on the similar topic and the areas not addressed, were identified. This study will further look into
the methods and design adopted for conducting the research work (Jin-zhao & Jing, 2009).

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Literature Review
“Development and initial validation of a hospitality employees’ job satisfaction
index: Evidence from Australia”
From this article, it can be analyzed that the three factors of career advancement, control
and variety and relationships are very important for high internal consistency in the hospitality
industry. Initially 1000 hospitality employees were surveyed and later it was distributed online
among 9000 employees in the similar sector. The data that was collected focused on the relation
of control and variety factor with that of job satisfaction. In the hospitality industry, these factors
helped in evaluating job satisfaction as these factors are significant for sustenance in the
hospitality industry (McPhail, Patiar, Herington, Creed, & Davidson, 2015).
“Does workplace guanxi matter to hotel career success?”
On the other hand, this study was aimed at finding the impact of workplace relationship
in the success of building hotel career. It contradicted the content of the previous article, which
mentioned about job satisfaction. However, in this particular article the effects of professional
strata, department and recognition were identified for the outcome. The findings have focused on
the partial association of workplace guanxi with that of competency and success in career. It is
implied in this article that coworker guanxi is significant for the non- managerial employees.
However, manager- subordinate guanxi has a strong effect on the career advancement for sales
and marketing employees. The local employees have an added advantage instead of the
expatriates for capitalizing on guanxi (Yang & Lau, 2015).
“The effects of mentoring on role stress, job attitude, and turnover intention in the
hotel industry”

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This study has contradicted the authority of mentoring functions on job satisfaction, job
attitude, role stress and turnover intention in the hotel industry. The data were collected from
those hospitality employees who were part of a mentoring program in South Korea hotels. It was
found out from this article that the mentoring activity has three key functions of psychosocial
support, career development and role modeling. There was no significant relationship between
the function of career development and role ambiguity, or role modeling and role ambiguity, or
role ambiguity and turnover intention. The results paved the way for a better comprehension of
the effects of mentoring programs in the hotel industry (Kim, Im, & Hwang, 2015).
“Meeting revenue management challenges: Knowledge, skills and abilities”
It was mentioned in this particular study about the increasing recognition of the
significance of combining revenue management in the hospitality industry with the operational
activities and the importance of the staff to do the same. It was found out from the data collected
for this survey that the managers face lot of challenges in the internal and external environment.
However, the role of the managers was not mentioned in the other three articles. Therefore, it
was expected from the staff to possess varied knowledge, skills and abilities or KSA for
overcoming the problems. The findings of this study have focused challenges faced by the
revenue managers and the ways in which KSA will be effective to overcome the problems
(Cetin, Demirçiftçi, & Bilgihan, 2016).
“Revisiting talent management, work-life balance and retention strategies”
This study was aimed at the evaluation of talent management, work- life balance and the
retention strategies faced in the hospitality industry. The authors stated that the framework used
in the data analysis, incorporated attributes of the organization as well as the industry, personal

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employee dimensions, conflict at the workplace and the strategies used. It helped in evaluating
the relation between job satisfaction, organizational commitment and employee retention and
their ways of improvement. The findings focused on the importance of work life balance in
addressing the issues related to management and retention of employees (Deery & Jago, 2015).
“Do psychological capital and work engagement foster frontline employees’
satisfaction?: A study in the hotel industry”
This particular study on the hotel industry focused on the important factor of work
engagement of the employees. The aim of the author was to find out the effect psychological
capital on career, job and life satisfaction with the mediation of work engagement. The data was
collected from the front-line employees of the 5 star and 4 star international hotels of Romania.
The relationship in the conceptual model was highlighted through structural equation modeling.
The identified indicators of psychological capital were hope, confidence, flexibility and self-
efficacy (Karatepe & Karadas, 2015).
“Journal of hospitality, leisure, sport and tourism education”
However, this study has countered the previous study by comprehending the way in
which potential hospitality graduates deal with the career decision- making task. The survey was
conducted among 28 undergraduate hospitality students. The data that was analyzed had shed
light on the challenging character of career decisions within the modifying labor market. This
study has enabled the main participants to speak up for them in the transition of education- to-
work.
“Exploring the Influence of Ethical Climate on Employee Compassion in the
Hospitality Industry”

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This study is centered on the moral dynamics of empathy in the hospitality settings. This
specific topic was not discussed in any other previous article mentioned here. It was
recommended that in the ethical environment the hotel employees would be concerned about
pain and suffering of the fellow employees. They will be encouraged to show sympathy towards
the other employees in their pain and distress (Zoghbi-Manrique-de-Lara & Guerra-Baez, 2016).
“Ethics in the Hospitality Industry: Review and Research Agenda”
This particular article was similar to the previous one as it highlighted the ethical
concerns of the hospitality industry. The employees and practitioners at the hospitality industry
consider ethics as the most important issue experienced in the hotel industry. However, it is
contradicted that the industry is open to consistent unethical practices. The staffs of the industry
have faced different ethical dilemmas in their routine activities with the clients. From this article,
it can be evaluated that it is important to increase awareness and knowledge on the importance of
this issue (Knani, 2014).
“Trends in hospitality management research: a personal reflection”
The writer of this paper provided a self- reflective view of the modifications and trends in
the hospitality research. Unlike the previous research articles, the findings of the paper have
stressed on the commoditization of hospitality research, which is influenced by the greater
changes. The new challenges in the hospitality industry in the form of globalization, is also a
major issue (Ryan, 2015).
“Sustainable human resource management as a driver in tourism policy and
planning: a serious sin of omission?”

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This article has debated the content of the other articles by highlighting the ignorance of
the workforce in policy engagement and planning for sustainable tourism. The stable role of
private and government sector in policy engagement is a major area of interest. The strategic
planning is done relative to development of product, infrastructure, human resource capacity and
marketing. The focus is increasing the impact on sustainable goals within this process. The study
has addressed the major role of employees and their work by adhering to the concepts of
sustainability and sustainable communities. Moreover, this paper has also implemented modern
approaches through probable sustainability indicators including both theoretical and practical
policy formation value in association with workforce (Baum, 2018).
“Competencies of hotel general managers: a conceptual framework”
The writers stated in this article that it is a critical part for the hospitality sector to
generate sustainable leadership by reanalyzing the skills and competencies of the managers and
leaders on a regular basis. The specific paper has aimed at identifying and scrutinizing the
competencies needed for the key position of a hotel manager in order to create a holistic and
related leadership competency framework. The findings have focused on the leadership
competency model for the hospitality sector. The testing of the proposed model could have
played the role of a plan for the similar sector to develop own competency framework (Bharwani
& Talib, 2017).
“Career Planning Strategies and Skills of Hospitality Management Students”
This study has stressed on the combined effect of competency and career related to the
students of hospitality management. The perceptions of the students were investigated regarding
the strategies and skills of career planning and recognized the important differences evolving

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from the work experience, which made it different from the other articles. The university
students were surveyed to find out that, students who were nearly graduating, had work
experience and attended career events. This was effective in providing a new dimension to the
research topic. They also had a better plan for their future and possessed better skills than those
who lacked any fixed career plan (Hertzman, Moreo, & Wiener, 2015).
“The determinants of hospitality employees’ pro-environmental behaviors: The
moderating role of generational differences”
This article has argued on the establishment of a better understanding of the determinants
among the hospitality employees. This is because in this study, the links were connected among
motivation among the employees, environmental concerns, self- efficacy and others. It was
indicated that autonomous motivation was related to the increase of environmental concern
among the employees (Kim, Kim, Han, & Holland, 2016).
Hospitality and tourism education research from 2005 to 2014: “Is the past a
prologue to the future?”
The writers of this paper have carried out an evaluation of hospitality and tourism
education study to measure if any scholar has been able to address the current issues in the
hospitality and tourism sector. It was also aimed at increasing the awareness of the significant
sources of knowledge by indulging the educationist in human capital. The purpose behind
carrying out this research was to integrate and analyze facts on the education of hospitality and
tourism in the last ten years and recommend future directions. Article review from 13 journals
related to hospitality and tourism focused on assuring objectivity and creativity. Five unique
meta- themes came out while analyzing data and the observations were done on the ground of

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learning, teaching, student development, programs and curriculums. Moreover, the themes that
required special attention were also identified in the course of this research (Hsu, Xiao, & Chen,
2017).
Gap in the literature
The review of the previous literature has focused on certain gaps, which can be used as a
scope for further research. The articles have only focused on the qualitative data rather than
quantitative data. The number of sample and the methods used for data analysis was not
clarified. The previous researchers have not used any case study for putting authenticity in the
research work. Moreover, the geographical location of the research was not mentioned in the
articles. The research design was not stated clearly in the research, which became a drawback on
the part of the researcher. The ethical limitations were also not mentioned. These were the major
factors, which created a gap in the literature review. For further research on this topic, the
researcher will need to be careful of these factors and conduct his study to overcome these gaps
(Jones, Hillier, & Comfort, 2016).
Research Question
1. What are the important factors of internal consistency in the hospitality industry?
2. How do skills and competencies of a hotel manager help in sustaining leadership?
3. How do ethical climate in the hospitality industry influence employee compassion?
Research Methods
There are three types of research methods such as qualitative, quantitative and mixed. For
the particular research on finding the needs and issues in the hospitality sector, the mixed method

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was used. In this research method, both qualitative and quantitative data are collected, analyzed
and combined for effectiveness of the research. This method is effective in carrying out a
research because it uses various ways to explore the problem. Mixed method was used in this
research because it provided easy steps to explain and report the problem. It is also useful in
designing an instrument to generalize the qualitative data and thus, the research can be placed in
a transformative framework (Zaitseva, Goncharova, & Androsenko, 2016).
Research Design
There are different types of designs used in the research process such as descriptive, co-
relational, experimental, semi- experimental, review and meta- analytic. For this particular
research on the needs and issues in the hospitality industry, descriptive research design can be
considered appropriate based on secondary data collection. The descriptive research design is
used by the researcher to describe specific behavior based on its occurrence. The categories of
questions used in the research determine the type of method that is used in the research. This
particular research design has the capability to represent the participants in a proper way and the
data can be collected using the methods of observation, case study and survey. However,
descriptive research design has a low condition for an internal legitimacy. In this specific
research, the hotel employees were observed, surveyed and their instances were used for
studying about the need and issues in the hospitality industry (Fraj, Matute, & Melero, 2015).
Case study
The use of case study method includes a detailed study of the participants. Case study
helps in making a hypothesis before the research and using different phenomenon as case. There
is no cause and effect found in the case study method, as there is a meager chance of making

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correct predictions. However, there are drawbacks of using this method, as there might be hidden
biases in the course of the research. For instance, if the hotel employees are studied using the
case study method then they might be biased in giving valid information. This biasness might
misinterpret the description provided by the participant. The disadvantage of using the case study
method lies in weak generalization of the topic, which will go astray from authenticity (Brown,
Thomas, & Bosselman, 2015).
Survey
The questionnaire used in the survey for gathering information is an effective way to
gather detailed feedback from the respondents. Close- ended questions in the questionnaire are
easy for in- depth analysis of the issue pertaining to the research. Mostly investigative questions
are used in the questionnaire to gather data. The respondents can be surveyed with the help of
personal interview, mail questionnaire and telephonic interview.
There are certain advantages of personal interview:
With an effective personal interview, instant responses can be obtained. For instance, in
the hotel the employees were asked about the issues they were facing, in a face- to- face
interview. They provided honest opinion in the absence of any third person such as the manager.
The respondents feel comfortable in a personal interview and therefore the rate of response is
higher in this case and detailed information is extracted from the participants (Lee, Back, &
Chan, 2015). In a face- to- face interview the chances of not responding is negligible. The
samples in the survey can be controlled and dealt with more effectively to get personal
information.

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On the other hand, personal interview is time- consuming and expensive. By investing
more time on one respondent restricts the time on the other. This results in misuse of time in the
whole survey and affects the research outcome. There is a probability that the respondents might
give biased answers under external pressure (Tuntirattanasoontorn, 2018).
Mail questionnaire also has certain advantages such as competence in time and cost with
wide variation in geographical locations. It also helps in protecting the anonymity of the
respondent. However, there is a huge chance of getting low or negligible response from the
respondents. There is also a risk of getting incomplete answers, which makes it unsuitable for
impulsive response. For instance, in the hotel industry if the employees are surveyed using mail
questionnaire then they might feel reluctant to provide correct information, which will be a
drawback in the survey.
In telephone questionnaire, there is efficiency in cost and time with wide spread
geographical location. It also helps in securing the anonymity of the respondents and thus,
spontaneous responses can be collected. Telephone is such a device, which is possessed by all
the employees in the hotel industry and it is easily to reach them via telephone. It is effective in
reaching the target sample more than other methods of survey. However, there are disadvantages
of conducting a telephonic interview, as visual aid cannot be used (Molina-Azorín, Tarí, Pereira-
Moliner, López-Gamero, & Pertusa-Ortega, 2015). Therefore, complex questions cannot be used
in a telephonic interview. For instance, in a telephonic interview conducted with a hotel
employee, the respondent was unable to follow a long and complicated question and the answer
was hampered in that way.

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Observation
The observation method is used in the research where the behavior of the respondents are
carefully observed and studied. The participants are studied in their natural environment and data
is collected based on their behavior. It is time consuming and there is no assurance that valid data
can be gathered. Other methods of research are considered to be less time- consuming and
cheaper than observation. There is no direct contact with the observer and the subject, who is
being observed. The observer has a clear knowledge of the behavioral patterns that he is going to
observe in his subject. However, this method is not effective in the survey among the hotel
employees, as it will not gather valid data. It will be a limitation of the research if the observation
method is used in finding the needs and issues in the hospitality sector (Solnet, Kralj, & Baum,
2015). For this particular research, narrative analysis was done to evaluate the response received
from the participants.
Discussion and Conclusion
It can be discussed and concluded that work ethics plays an important role in personal
and career development of the hospitality industry. The review of the previous literature has
focused on different aspects of the hospitality industry; however, there were certain gaps, which
provided a scope for further research on the topic. Descriptive research design was used here to
define the characteristics of the hospitality industry and the employees. Therefore, it became
easy to gain knowledge about the characteristics of the subject by observing, surveying and using
case study.

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Research Proposal
Introduction
There is a constant rapid increase in the hospitality industry. This industry is providing
opportunities for personal and career development of several students. This particular research
will look into the needs and issues in the hospitality industry by highlighting work ethics,
personal and career development. Previous literature on similar topic will be reviewed to find out
the work done and the issues identified. The review of the previous literature will also be able to
find the gaps, which will pave the way for further research. Specific research design and methods
will be selected for bringing out valid and authentic information (Shani, Uriely, Reichel, &
Ginsburg, 2014).
The main criterion of the hotel employees is to look out for customer satisfaction and
therefore the industry needs a varied talented workforce. It will be helpful in the economic
structure, market research and project handling in terms of asset management. There is much
scarcity of these skills in the hospitality industry, which is responsible for the birth of serious
issues. The hotel managers need to look out for such talent recruitment, which will save both
time and cost. They will have to consider the importance of training the employees to prepare
them as per the industrial norms. The managers will have to work on current and recent projects
for seeking relevant talents as per the needs of the job (Pirani & Arafat).
The global increase in the hospitality and tourism sector has led to the amendments in
trends recently. The current trends in the industry have used technology to reach out to a large
number of people all over the globe within a short span of time. The managers of this sector are
responsible for dominating the industry on a world- wide basis. They intend to invest more for

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providing comfort to the customers while travelling. Therefore, it has become increasingly
important for the specific industry to fulfill the needs and realize their demands in order to avoid
keeping them behind the current trends.
Literature Review
Literature reviews are secondary sources, which reflect the previous works done on a
topic. It does not refer to any new or original work of a researcher. Literature review consists of
scholarly papers, books, journal articles or other documents such as government data, census or
other records. It forms the basis for a new research on the same topic.
For this particular research on the ‘Needs and Issues in Hospitality: Work Ethics,
Personal and Career Development’, fifteen relevant articles will be reviewed to find out about
the previous work. The review of the literature will find out the issues of this topic and the ways
adopted for resolution. Tourism industry will also be considered as both of this go hand- in-
hand. The needs and wants of the customers will be compared in association with the service
provided by the hospitality employees. The chosen fifteen articles will address the issue of the
research and the gap will be found out in the literature review. The literature was selected based
on different themes such as job satisfaction, workplace relationship, employee engagement in
order to bring out various facets regarding needs and issues in the hospitality industry. This
selected literature will be effective in finding out the relevancy of the research in terms of the
hospitality industry.
The literature review will be conducted by considering the specific objectives such as
selecting the literature on the topic of hospitality sector and the employees (Johnson-Busbin,
Busbin, Boles, & Barksdale, 2014). The selected literature will be combined into a brief

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summary for better understanding of the issues. The information gathered from the articles will
be critically evaluated to find out the gaps in the current research. An effective literature review
will also shed light on the limitations of concepts and the perceptions. The gap in the literature
review will find ways for further research on the topic. The limitations of the previous work will
be worked upon while conducting the new research work.
Research Design and Methods
Research design explains the entire strategy that is selected to combine various
components of the research work in a consistent and rational way. A research design determines
that the research problem is attended to properly. It consists of the outline for collecting, gauging
and evaluating data. There are different types of research design such as descriptive, correlation,
semi- experimental, experimental, review and meta- analytic. The research design is such a
framework, which helps in seeking out the answers for the specific research questions. A
research design becomes effective when it caters to the mean of obtaining information. It will
help in studying the objective of the specific research problem (Aragon-Correa, Martin-Tapia, &
de la Torre-Ruiz, 2015).
For this research on hospitality industry, descriptive research design will be used. This
research design will be able to depict the participants in a proper manner. It will be effective in
describing the entire situation of the research. There are three methods used in the descriptive
research design- observation, survey and case study. These three steps will be effective in
gathering relevant information from the participants of the hospitality sector. This research
design will use the three methods to observe the participants, conduct a survey and use their case
study for finding effective outcome. It will be an effective research design in finding out the
needs and issues in the specific sector by explicitly drawing the current scenario.

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Research methods refer to the steps taken for gathering information, organizing the
samples and the process for analyzing the data. There are various methods, which depend on the
topic of the research work. (Zopiatis, Constanti, & Theocharous, 2014). There are two major
types of research methods such as qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative research
methods refer to non- numerical and unquantifiable components such as emotions, words or
sounds. The information collected from the research work is qualitative in nature because it does
not require any mathematical techniques for analysis. On the other hand, quantitative research
methods refer to the identification and evaluation of the collected data using numerical. In this
method, numerical data is more stressed upon to make a summary and draw a conclusion.
For this particular research on the needs and issues in the hospitality industry, mixed
research method will be used. This research method considers both qualitative and quantitative
data and thus, it will be effective in bringing out correct information. The hospitality employees
will be interviewed and surveyed by following the mixed research method to gather valid data
for the research. The information that will be gathered will not only highlight the words but also
on the numerical data and statistics.
Discussion
It can be discussed from the research on the needs and issues in the hospitality industry
that this trending sector has become the main target of workforce challenges. There are other
minor challenges in the field of operating, marketing, technology and economy. The managers in
the specific industry are looking for ways to be green and sustainable. They are looking for
sustainable solutions to the problem faced by the industry. ‘Going green’ has come to the
limelight from the nook of the industry. The 3Ps in the hospitality sector- people, planet and

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profits, form the basis for green industry in a financially feasible environment (Cook, Hsu, &
Marqua, 2014).
Labor expenses are again a major issue faced by the hospitality sector, which is
responsible for 44.6% of the entire operating costs in the industry. Therefore, any issue, which
could directly affect the labor costs, must be dealt with seriously by the hospitality managers.
Again, the emerging issue of multicultural management in the hospitality sector is affecting the
functions of the internal environment. The fast increase in globalization is directly proportional
to the multicultural issues and the related impact on the specific industry. Hospitality sector is
responsible for uniting people from all over the world more than any other sector. The employees
are selected from different background to cater to the various needs of the customers. This has
created problems among the employees to adjust to different cultural norms.
Hotel industry is presently facing a tough competition in the market including a reduction
in price to provide comfort to the guests. The decrease in the employment ration is considered a
threat in the competitive market. Market segmentation is another issue when there is an increase
in the number of brands. The ability of the consumers to distinguish among the brands decreases
in this way. Not only have the customers become sophisticated but also the services and
products. To maintain the luxurious demands of the customers, the cost of innovation has
increased. The managers are also finding it difficult to meet the standards of the rapidly changing
technologies in the market (Kandampully, Zhang, & Bilgihan, 2015). Moreover, the amount of
business travel is directly proportional to economy rates of the industry. With the increase in
business travel, the economy is improved and vice- versa. Globalization also affects the
hospitality industry depending upon the extent to which people move in and out of the country.

20NEEDS AND ISSUES IN HOSPITALITY
Therefore, it is another area, which needs to be looked after by the managers in the hospitality
sector.
Conclusion
It can be concluded from this research on the needs and issues of the hospitality industry
that there are different challenges faced by the industry in the recent years. From the previous
literature review, the issues were identified which played an important role in conducting this
research. The articles were selected based on the topic to shed light on the previous works done
by other researchers. The probable issues were identified which were worked upon and the gap
was identified. The gaps in the previous literature paved the way for further scope in the
research. Specific design and method were selected for the research. Descriptive research design
was effective in describing the total scenario by using the steps of observation, survey and case
study.
Mixed method was used for the research to analyze both qualitative and quantitative data.
This was helpful in bringing out authenticity and validity in the research. This is because both
information and numerical data were analyzed regarding the issues in the hospitality sector. The
lack of skilled and talented workforce was identified as a major area of concern along with the
issues in operation, economy and technology. The tough competition in the hotel industry was
brought forward in this research and the factors to be considered by the managers were
highlighted.
Recommendation
It can be recommended from the research on the specific topic that the managers need to
look out for candidates who are properly trained in serving the customers. Training is an

21NEEDS AND ISSUES IN HOSPITALITY
important part of employee motivation and the organization needs to consider it seriously.
Moreover, the old employees should also be made to realize the importance of going through the
training process. It can be suggested that training will be a first step in overcoming the issues
prevalent in the hospitality industry.

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