This assignment provides a comprehensive overview of host and application security, focusing on access control mechanisms and their impact on the CIA triad (Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability). It contrasts access control methods for mitigating threats, risks, and vulnerabilities, including internal and external threats, unauthorized information disclosure, and viruses. The report emphasizes the importance of access control in information security, highlighting its role in restricting unauthorized access to physical and logical systems, ensuring data integrity, and maintaining system availability. Furthermore, it identifies and discusses the necessary components of access control metrics, such as user-facing elements, admin-facing tools, and infrastructure requirements, underscoring the holistic approach required for effective security implementation. Desklib offers a wealth of similar resources for students seeking to deepen their understanding of cybersecurity concepts and practices.