This report delves into the critical role of Human Resources in organizational success, using Unilever as a case study. It begins by exploring the value of organizational design theory, contrasting traditional and contemporary structures, and applying McKinsey's 7S model and the Star Model to Unilever. The report then analyzes techniques for attracting, maintaining, developing, retaining, and rewarding talented employees, examining motivation theories, human capital, and knowledge management strategies. It also investigates emerging HR developments, including talent optimization and organizational agility. The report concludes by summarizing key findings and emphasizing the importance of aligning HR practices with organizational goals to drive sustainable performance and create a skilled workforce.