Identifying HRM Strategies for Employee Retention: NHS Dissertation

This dissertation investigates the crucial role of human resource management (HRM) in employee retention within the National Health Service (NHS). The study examines the significance of HRM practices in reducing employee turnover, a critical factor for organizational success. It delves into the concept of employee turnover, identifies the need for retaining employees, and analyzes the impact of HRM strategies. The research also explores the specific challenges faced by the NHS, including the impact of Brexit on its human resources. The dissertation aims to identify effective HRM techniques and strategies to improve employee retention rates within the NHS context. The literature review provides a detailed analysis of existing research on employee turnover, retention strategies, and the influence of HRM practices. The methodology section outlines the research approach and data collection methods. Findings and analysis present the results of the research, highlighting key factors influencing employee turnover and the effectiveness of HRM interventions. The conclusion and recommendations offer insights into best practices for improving employee retention. The dissertation also includes reflections on the research process and alternative methodologies. This research provides valuable insights into the complex relationship between HRM and employee retention, offering practical recommendations for healthcare organizations like the NHS.

Dissertation

Executive Summary
Human resource is very important for organisation because it is the only resource that
accomplish the goals and objectives. This is the main reason that companies need to retain their
employees so that they can achieve their objective and goals. Day to day increase in competition
it is identified that employees are feeling unhappy with existing their job role and organisation.
That's why it is necessary for companies that they should conduct a research to find the factors
that influence them to switch to other organisation. It is not only find the problems but also find
solutions. So that's why this dissertation is conducting in which a researcher will be use
appropriate method of research with data collection method.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Firstly I would like to thanks my tutor and guiders who always give a support in my
research. Whenever I feel any obstacles they always available for finding the solutions. They
encourage me that how can I achieve my goals and objectives. I also want to thanks my superior
who gives their personal experience that how should I conduct my research in order to achieve
aims and objectives.
In addition to this I also thanks to employees of NHS who gives their support in finding
the reliable and important data. Their answers helps me to fill my questionnaire. From their
support, I found that my work is complete on time.

Table of Contents
Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...............................................................................................................3
Title: “To identify the human resource management in order to retain employees in workplace.” 5
Chapter 1: Introduction ...................................................................................................................5
1.1 Background to research topic................................................................................................5
1.2 Background to research organisation....................................................................................5
1.3 Research Rationale................................................................................................................6
1.4 Research Question.................................................................................................................6
1.5 Research aims and objectives................................................................................................6
Chapter 2: Literature Review...........................................................................................................8
2.1 Introduction of literature review...........................................................................................8
2.2 Themes of Literature Review................................................................................................8
2.3 Conclusion of Literature Review........................................................................................10
Chapter 3: Methodology ...............................................................................................................11
Chapter 4: Findings and analysis ..................................................................................................14
Chapter 5: Conclusion and Recommendations .............................................................................18
Chapter 6: Reflection and alternative research methodology .......................................................19
REFERNCES:................................................................................................................................20
Books and Journals:..................................................................................................................20

Title: “To identify the human resource management in order to retain
employees in workplace.”
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 Background to research topic
In the modern world, it is analysed that day to day competition get rises and this become
a major reason for dissatisfaction of employees because they are comparison their potion with
another one. It is identified that human resource is very important for success and growth of
organisation and that's why they should take an corrective action (Chyhryn and et. al., 2019).
Human resource perform all activities in the organisation. Companies need higher productivity
and efficiency to perform their duties so that organisation can achieve their goals and objectives.
Organisation cannot survive in the market if they have not efficient employees. The need to hire
and retain their employees so that they can manage the performance which assist in achievement
of goals and objectives. Three are many reasons for generation of dissatisfaction in employees
and this is the main reason in which company get fail in the market. If employees are not stay in
the organisation then how it can be possible that they can attain their objectives without
employees.
Human resource is the key element of success and growth of organisation. With the help
of human resource they can easily grow in the market as it assist in completion of task and goals.
They use their productivity in order to achieve the targets. It is very important for organisation
that they should manage their human resources so that they can achieve their goals. Human
resource management practice become very helpful for organisation as it take care of all
activities which are related to the human resource such as recruitment, selection, training and
development programme, etc (Griffith, Baur and Buckley, 2019). In this context, NHS is
undertaken to show the importance of human resource management practices in order to retain
their employees.
1.2 Background to research organisation
NHS is the organisation that is based on healthcare of general public as they can deal in
providing health care service to the public for their welfare. It was established by National
Health Service Act of 1946 (Haak-Saheem and Festing, 2020). they provide healthcare service at
free cost except some minor charges. It is very helpful for general people as they get free

services specially which are not have a position to pay charges. There are many people are found
that have lack of money and that's why they are unable to take proper treatment. For that
purpose, NHS is found in UK that provide healthcare services at free of cost. They provide
service that categories in thee groups that are local health authority services, hospital and
specialist services, and general practitioner and dental services.
1.3 Research Rationale
It is identified that business environment get dynamic in nature and that's why every
organisation get suffered. The major impact get on their employees because they are the one who
deals with changes. It is crucial for organisation that their employees have much potential to
cope with changes. Organisation should conduct research in order to analyse the factors that why
employees are focusing on other organisation (Khan and et. al., 2019). It is very crucial research
to find out the factors that effect on employees' performance. There are many factors which
influence employees to shift from one organisation to another one. It is necessary to find because
if it will continues then it gives a negative impact on organisation. Employees are ready for
leaving the firm if they get better opportunities. It can be overcome with this issue if company
find out ways and strategies to satisfy them and motivate towards organisational objectives. This
research report helps to find out the factors that create challenges and obstacles in the success of
organisation. It also find some strategies and that's why this research is conducting.
1.4 Research Question
It is very important that researcher find answer of some relevant questions for conducting
a research. Research questions are helping in finding the solution of challenges that face by
organisations.
 What is the concept of human resource management?
 What are the issues that faced by HR manager of NHS?
 What are the significance of retaining employees in organisation?
 How human resource management overcome with the impact of Brexit on NHS?
 How human resource management can deal with the issue of employees turnover ratio in
organisation.

1.5 Research aims and objectives
Without aim no one research is completed because it find the path. Aims and objectives
gives guidelines to researcher that what action they need to be taken in a research report. Aims
and objectives are mentioned below that why this report is conducting.
Research aim:
“To study the impact of HR practices for reduction in employees turnover ratio in the
organisation.” A case study on NHS.
Research objectives:
 To understand the concept of employees turnover ratio.
 To identify the need and importance of retaining employees in the organisation.
 To examine the impact of human resource management in respect of retaining
employees.
 To investigate the impact of Brexit on human resource of NHS and how they deal with it.
 To determine effective techniques of HRM practices.

Chapter 2: Literature Review
2.1 Introduction of literature review
Literature review is the type of article that founded through various books, journals, etc.
It is the secondary resource that gives the information of research topic (Aykan, 2017). It is very
necessary for a research paper and dissertation as it gives full knowledge of a specific subject
matter. It requires a brief study of books and journals from which data are collected. It is very
important for researcher that they should briefly analyse the books and journals from which data
are collected so that they can give the outcome. The source is secondary research which gives the
authenticated data.
2.2 Themes of Literature Review
First theme- To understand the concept of employees turnover ratio.
According to Theys and Schultz, 2018, employees turnover ratio is very important
concept for organisation as it gives negative impact on company's image if it get rises day by
day. It is challenge for organisation. It is analysed that it is normal if employees leave office in
long term period. But the main issue occur when they are leaving organisation day by day that
shows company can not create good environment or any other reason which generate
dissatisfaction in employees (Davis, 2017). If organisation have low rate employees turnover
ratio then it is good but if they have high then it is not good for their reputation. Every company
wants that they have less number of employees turnover ratio so that they can grow more in the
market. In simple terms, it is the measurement tools that measures number of employees leave
organisation during a specified time period. It generally considers one year. It is very necessary
for organisation that they should conduct some activities which assist in reducing employees
turnover ratio so that they can improve their position.
Second theme- To identify the need and importance of retaining employees in the
organisation.
According to Yusoff and et. al., 2020, a company can run their business only when they
have efficient employees who give their best in terms of productivity. Their productivity depends
on many things such as working conditions, pay scale, equality and other (Mirzapour and et. al.,
2019). It is crucial for organisation that they should make sure that they provide all facilities and
comfort to the employees so that they cannot feel any dissatisfaction. It is identified that

sometimes employees feel unhappy because there are lot of comparison discussed in company.
Due to comparison they feel very insulting and that become one of the reason for leaving
organisation. If it will continue everyday then it becomes very tough situation for organisation
that how they can deal with increasing of employees turnover ratio. If company wants that they
can survive and growth in the market with effective and efficient employees. So that's why
company need to understand the importance of retaining talented and skilful employees in the
organisation.
Third them- To examine the impact of human resource management in respect of retaining
employees.
According to Peter, Kumar and BIST, 2017, for the purpose of retaining employees in the
organisation, it is identified that human resource management plays a significant role in the
organisation. If NHS have a good human resource management system then they can easily
retain their talented employees and motivate them towards organisational objectives and goals. It
is very important for company that they should know the importance of human resource
management then they can use them for overcoming with issues (Zaid, Jaaron and Bon, 2018).
Human resource management can gives inspiration and reason that why employees are working
in this organisation. It is very important that they should use HRM effectively so that they can
deal with current challenges. HRM gives a great impact on retaining employees because it uses
many effective methods such as they motivate with the help of higher pay scales according to
their performance. They also use training and development programme that trains them in order
to achieve objectives.
Fourth Theme- To investigate the impact of Brexit on human resource of NHS and how
they deal with it.
According to Sood, A, NHS is the organisation that provide free health care services to
general public who have not a able to afford the expenses of treatment. It is identified that Brexit
gives a great impact on NHS human resources because it is the organisation of England. Brexit is
the separation of European union and UK (Hitka and et. al., 2019). Formerly all trade agreements
that are build on a common platform of EU. But due to Brexit all things get separate and it gave
a great impact on human resource of NHS. NHS' nurses were appointed from EU before Brexit.
But it becomes a problem for NHS because Brexit separate all things and that's why all nurses
are terminated because they belong from EU. Now NHS need to recruit and select high quality

and talented nurses that can work for organisation. It is not easy for NHS that how they can find
the right candidates which are suited for the job of nurses and others.
Fifth theme- To determine effective techniques of HRM practices.
According to Soltis, Brass and Lepak, 2018, it is necessary for organisation that they
should find the HRM practices which can solve the issues of NHS. HRM practices include
recruitment and selection, giving a clear job description, mentoring, training and development
programmes, performance evaluation, monitoring and controlling. If organisation can improve
these all functions then they can successfully solve their issues. It is very important for
organisation that they should perform their functions in such a manners so that they can solve
issues. HRM practices have some important tools and techniques that should be apply in the
organisation in order to achieve their goals and objectives. It should be apply in an appropriate
way which assist in achievement of goals and targets.
2.3 Conclusion of Literature Review
It is concluded from above literature review that organisation should focus on reducing
employees turnover ratio so that they can achieve their goals and objectives. It is analysed that
organisation face many challenges such as employees turnover ratio, impact of Brexit, etc. It can
be overcome with the help of using HRM practices.

Chapter 3: Methodology
A research report requires a good methodology so that they can find their solution which
assist in achievement of objective of research report. It is identified that a methodology decide
the quality of report in which they researcher found the result. There are certain things which are
mentioned below:
Research Philosophy: It is the belief in which data is gathered, analysed and used in an
appropriate way. It is very important for a research that a researcher should know about
philosophies so that they can undertake in their project (Zhu and et. al., 2018). It is found that
there are mainly two types of philosophy such as interpretivisim and positivism. In this report
interpretivisim is used because in this philosophy the researcher place himself for finding the
solution. It gives more realistic data because researcher take a interest.
Research Approach: Two main approaches are found in research that are inductive and
deductive. It is identified that researcher used inductive approach because they firstly observe the
situation and then come at conclusion (Shah, 2019). It gives real result that find by researcher.
Whereas deductive approach is considered as the approach that transform from idea to
observation.
Sampling: It is the number of person from which researcher collects data and
information. It is very important for researcher that they should critically find the sample. It is
analysed that there are two methods which used in collection of data that are probability and non
probability. There are more types that used by researcher such as judgemental, stratified, random
and systematic sampling (Froese, Sekiguchi and Maharjan, 2018). It is identified that when
researcher conduct a research with specifies objectives and aims then they always go for
judgemental and stratified sampling method for deciding the sample size. For this research 50
person are understanding to analyse their views.
Data collection: It is the activity in which data is collected on the basis of two methods
that are primary and secondary method. Primary data collection method gives the fresh data that
can be collect with the help of interviews, questionnaire, etc. Whereas secondary data is already
a published data and information which is collected through newspapers, books, journals, etc.
Primary data are more reliable as compared to secondary data. But secondary one is saving time.

Research instruments, strategies or techniques: It is identified that a researcher
conduct a research in which they require a number of instruments to complete that research
(Chyhryn and et. al., 2019). For this report, questionnaire is undertaken as a instrument.
Questionnaire
Q1) Do you have any knowledge about employees turnover ratio?
a) Yes
b) No
Q2) According to you, what are the reasons that NHS focus in retaining employees in
organisation?
a) Reduce employees' turnover ratio
b) Talent management
c) Higher productivity and efficiency
Q3) What are the causes of increasing day to day high turnover ratio in organization?
a) Low workplace Morale
b) Lack of Growth and Progression
c) Poor working conditions
d) Ineffective leadership
Q4) Is Brexit give any impact on human resource of NHS?
2) Yes
b) No
Q5) Does human resource management can helps in overcoming of challenges and impact of
Brexit that faces by NHS?
a) Yes
b) No
Q6) According to you, how human resource management can solve the issues of NHS?
a) Recruitment of talented employees
b) Staff training and development
c) Retaining existing employees with motivation factors
Q7) Is efficient HRM practices can helps to effectively manage and solve issues of the human
resource?