HS2005 Essay: Promotion of Well-being and Prevention of Ill Health

This essay explores various approaches to promoting public health and well-being, focusing on transforming health promotion in health and social care services. It discusses the role of economic evaluation in evidence-based decision-making, highlighting the impact of social norms, inequalities, and political polarization on public health. The essay also examines the relationship between mental health, well-being, and other key public health priorities, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, including the impact of lockdowns and the importance of public health measures. This document is available on Desklib, a platform offering a wealth of study resources for students.

Promotion of well-being
and prevention of ill health

Table of Contents
<https://www.vichealth.vic.gov.au/about/health-promotion>................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
Theoretical approaches to health promotion and key concepts for transforming the health
promotion in health and social care services..........................................................................1
Economic evaluation contributes to evidence-based decision making and action in the public
health......................................................................................................................................2
Relationship between mental health, well-being and other key public health priorities........2
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................2
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................3

INTRODUCTION
A health promotion is generally a set of various actions which are required to foster the
good well-being as well as health. These well-being promotions generally involves the process of
allowing the public so as to enhance the control over as well as enhances the well-being.
Coronavirus is generally a communicable disease which is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
The virus generally spread from an infected person's mouth or nose in a small liquid particles
when an infected person sneeze or cough or breathe. These infections may be range from larger
droplets to nano aerosols. This contamination can be spread by normally touching the infected
area. In this report it will cover the various approaches which are needed in promoting the health
among public as well as the concepts for transforming the well-being promotions in the care
services. There is a discussion about economic evaluation such as social, political norms
generally contribute to making decisions as well as the actions in the public health. Furthermore,
a letter is also attached with this report (Reitz, 2020).
MAIN BODY
In promotions the action generally includes such as to inform the people of what they can
do for living the healthy life. It also involves to address the things in the community which
usually affect well-being the most, so that these such can be supported positively. These such
promotional activities are generally geared to promote the well-being as well as preventing the
disease instead of concentrating on the public who are at risk of particular illness. The
promotions in health usually allows the public to enhance the control over as well as enhances
their well-being also.
Theoretical approaches to health promotion and key concepts for transforming the health
promotion in health and social care services.
The theoretical approaches of the health promotion generally include the health education
as well as the public health policies. The health education usually involves the capacity of the
people and the public health policy involves the environmental support. These both can lead to
improve the health knowledge, self-capacity as well as efficacy and many more. These such
components can able to modify the behaviour and the practice as well which further leads to
enhance the outcomes of the health as well as decrease the inequities (Zhang, 2019).
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The transformative promotions of health actions are generally required to achieve the equity in
health as well as the sustainable development goals. In the health promotions the advance human
as well as the planetary wellness and to ensure about people build back better the post COVID-
19. The various health policies as well as the systems are generally required to be aligned with
the values, the principles and the strategies of promoting the health as well as made the
investments in strengthening the necessary functions of health promotions. The progress is quite
variable while implementing the various health promotions and there is a general lack of the
investments in improving the essential well-being promotion systems for substantive progress to
be made. The key enablers as well as the system needed for the comprehensive promotions of
well-being are examined including the following important elements such as an effective
advocacy for the concept as well as practice of well-being promotions. It also includes that
enabling the policy structures for the universal well-being promotions actions on the basis of
cross section. Other approaches to prevent the leading cause of viral infection among the public
are as mentioned below:
Wear Mask: In this, the higher authorities should construct the campaigns or programs to
aware about the importance of wearing mask. They must educate the public as wearing mask can
protect the public from transmission of the viral infection from person to person (Hubley, 2021).
Washing Hands: In this, to fight with the corona virus, the higher authorities must spread
the awareness about the washing the hands frequently after touching the objects.
Avoid sharing of personal things: In context with noble corona virus, people must avoid
the sharing of personal things or items as this can allow the transmission of the infection and to
avoid the sharing people can effectively able to avoid the transmission.
Call before visiting the healthcare professionals: In this context, people must book a
prior appointment as it is the best way to avoid the crowed area so that spread of infection will
not take place.
Cover mouth while sneezing or coughing: People must cover their mouth while sneezing
or coughing with cotton clothes or tissues and through them after the use. This can prevent the
transmission of viral infection.
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Economic evaluation contributes to evidence-based decision making and action in the public
health
The laggard transmission of the viral infection during the COVID-19 pandemic generally
need a significant shift in the behaviour. There are various aspects of the social as well as
cultural contexts which generally affects the extent and the speed of the modifications in
behaviour. These aspects of the social context like the social norms, inequalities, polarization as
well as cultural aspects can aid in making decisions and can also able to determine the various
risk factors as well as intervene them effectively (Laverack, G., 2017).
Social norms: In this, the behaviour of the public is generally influenced by the social
norms such as what they perceive that the others are doing and what people actually think about
others approval or disapproval. In addition to this, the people are generally affected by the norms
as their perceptions for others are always inaccurate. For example, the general public can
underestimate the behaviours regarding health promotions such as washing their hands. The most
of the public also underestimate the unhealthy behaviours. The modifications in the behaviour by
correcting the misperceptions generally can be accomplished by the public messages that
reinforcing the positive norms such as the well-being promotions. Giving the exact information
about what most of the public are doing is quite helpful for the people if they are desirable in
promoting the well-being. In this, if most of the public are not doing such desirable norms then
the information can backfire so as by decreasing the positive behaviours among the public. In
promoting the well-being, the alterations in the behaviour may lend to the attempts that are
generally arranged to modify people's personal habits as well as their attitudes. These such kind
of behavioural alterations may lead to forbid the illness as it involves goal to promote people so
as to acquire the healthy behaviours. In this, an alteration that is made in behaviour are also
called as behaviour and social change communication. There are some behavioural change
theories to promote the well-being including the health belief models, self-regulation theories
and so on (Törnquist 2017).
In context with promotions of well-being, the social modification plays an important role
in promotion of health as it primarily centring on making alteration to the economic, social as
well as the physical environment so that the capacity of promoting the well-being can be
enhanced. The role of social network can usually amplify the spread of behaviours which are
harmful as well as beneficial during the COVID-19 pandemic. These such impacts can usually
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spread through the networks to friends. The transmission of the infected virus itself spread from
person to person and since the people centrally located in the networks which come in contact
with the other people usually, they are the first among them to be infected.
Social inequality: In context with COVID-19, the inequalities in access to the resources
which is generally influences not only who are at higher risk of developing the viral infection,
containing the symptoms but it can also include who is able to acquire the recommendations to
slow the transmission of such viral infection. The people who are generally homeless and cannot
shelter in place, the families in housing without containing the running water will not be able to
wash their hands frequently. The people who are detained by the state government such as
prisoners, refugee camps and so on may lack the spaces so as to apply the social or physical
distancing. The people who are relay on the public transportation cannot always avoid the
crowed area and the employees are often in their workplace where remote working is quite
impossible and sometimes the managers even also do not allow the paid sick leaves (Champine,
2018).
Political polarization: In context with the COVID pandemic, it is the one obstacle which
involves interconnected activities across the countries is generally the polarization of politics.
The one problem with the polarization during the COVID pandemic is that it might lead the
various different segments of the population to arrive at various different conclusions about the
threats in the situation as well as the appropriate actions. In this, the recent pandemic involves
the potential to drastically reinforce the social as well as the political polarization for mainly two
reasons such as it is more likely to intensify the existing social divides as the pandemic
disproportionately impact over the the less affluent parts of the surrounding environment.
Moreover, to make the things more adverse, the economic outfall of the novel coronavirus can
strike the people on many dimensions which are quite differently (Redeker, 2019).
Relationship between mental health, well-being and other key public health priorities
During the COVID pandemic, people were not able to travel from one place to another as
the lock down is applied across the country. Due to this, people are facing many issues regarding
health or their well-being. For people, the health priorities include the enhanced as well as
protect the funding for the critical public well-being authorities and the various programs as well
as strengthen the structure of the public health across nation. The health priorities also involve
continue the most inexpensive care act as well as it can spread out the access to wellness
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coverage as well as the services. Furthermore, the lock down has continued for over the months
and has totally modified the civic life of the public in United Kingdom. In this, the new rules are
allowed many of the recently retired staff of the health services are able to return back to their
work without any loss of the pension rights. During the pandemic, it also made provisions for the
court cases to be heard through the mode of video links. Over the months during the pandemic, it
has altered that how people are living in the everyday life. The staff of the health care system are
working on the frontline in the health services are in the most vulnerable position and are so
appropriate in the PPE (personal protective equipment’s) kits was introduced. The positive cases
of the coronavirus are quite continued to the peak throughout the year. The day-to-day life in the
United Kingdom is yet far from the normal spread. Thus, the impact of socio-economic impacts
of the coronavirus is quite constraint a disaster of challenges to the services like mental health
across the country. As the lock-down is gradually being lifted, the rules of the social distancing
are slowly being relaxed. The capabilities to strengthen the measures in the certain localities in a
response to rising the rates of the viral infection which is already being used. It is quite
mandatory to wear the face mask on the public area so that the transmission of the viral infection
cannot occur or cannot be transmitted from person to person (Spoorenberg, Reijneveld, 2018).
CONCLUSION
While practising, I have observed that my beliefs were optimistic in regards with each
individual who were dealing with serious effects of Covid-19. As people were striving for their
health then there was not any chance but to change health promotion activities as per ye
requirement of an individual. There was high requirement to use critical decision skills but they
were seeming to be altered as each individual was having different need and demand in respect
of their health factor. I have achieved a lot by clinical incident. I can utilize these learning in my
future practice. As I have developed effective communication skills that can be used in my future
practice. I have also developed learning of establishment of therapeutic relationship with
patients, telerecording that can help in mainlining medical records of patents, critical decision-
making skills and problem solving. These skills can used further and also can make my practice
effective (Selekman, 2019).
During and after the Covid-19 pandemic, there were number of responsibilities which are
determined by me. In which, there are some of responsibilities which should be followed and
fulfilled by me and some are for others which needs to be address. In which the government
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responsibility is to determine and monitor that each one of individual are following their
guidelines and prevent new cases, the food drink industry should maintain quality of hygiene
while providing the services to others and also according to me packaging should be sanitised
priorly before passing ton others, and our responsibility is to always keep our surrounding virus
free and should maintain self-hygiene.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals:
Champine, R. B and et. al., 2018. Trauma-informed family practices: Toward integrated and
evidence-based approaches. Journal of Child and Family
Hubley, J., Copeman, J. and Woodall, J., 2021. Practical health promotion. John Wiley & Sons.
Koivumäki, T and et. al., 2017. Consumer adoption of future MyData-based preventive eHealth
services: an acceptance model and survey study. Journal of medical Internet
research, 19(12), p.e429.
Laverack, G., 2017. Health promotion in disease outbreaks and health emergencies. CRC Press.
Lindacher, V., Curbach, J., Warrelmann, B., Brandstetter, S. and Loss, J., 2018. Evaluation of
empowerment in health promotion interventions: a systematic review.Evaluation & the
Health Professions, 41(3), pp.351-392.
Maleku, A., Kim, Y. K. and Lee, G., 2018. Social cohesion and immigrant health: does
language-efficacy matter?. International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care.
Redeker, N. S and et. al., 2019. Workplace interventions to promote sleep health and an alert,
healthy workforce. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 15(4), pp.649-657.
Reitz, S. M. and Scaffa, M. E., 2020. Occupational Therapy in the Promotion of Health and
Well-Being. AJOT: American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 74(3), pp.7403420010-
14.
Selekman, J., Shannon, R. A. and Yonkaitis, C. F., 2019. School nursing: A comprehensive text.
FA Davis.
Spoorenberg, S. L and et. al., 2018. Effects of a population-based, person-centred and integrated
care service on health, wellbeing and self-management of community-living older
adults: A randomised controlled trial on Embrace. PloS one, 13(1), p.e0190751.
Studies, 27(9), pp.2732-2743.
Törnquist Agosti, M., Bringsén, Å. and Andersson, I., 2017. The complexity of resources related
to work-life balance and well-being–a survey among municipality employees in
Sweden. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 28(16), pp.2351-
2374.
Worsley, T., 2020. Nutrition promotion: theories and methods, systems and settings. Routledge.
Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., Ng, T. W. and Lam, S. S., 2019. Promotion-and prevention-focused
coping: A meta-analytic examination of regulatory strategies in the work stress
process.Journal of Applied Psychology, 104(10), p.1296.
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