Social Policy in the UK: Beveridge Report and Timeline Analysis

This essay provides an in-depth analysis of social policy in the United Kingdom, beginning with an introduction that highlights the importance of social policy in contemporary society. The main body of the essay focuses on the foundational principles of the welfare state, as laid out in the Beveridge Report, contrasting them with subsequent approaches and changes in ideology. It outlines the five giants identified in the report—disease, ignorance, squalor, idleness, and want—and discusses their impact on the development of social policies. The essay also includes a timeline documenting the major stages in the evolution of welfare in the UK, starting from the Poor Law Amendment Act of 1834. The essay explores the changing landscape of welfare, including the introduction of various legislations and initiatives. The conclusion summarizes the key findings and emphasizes the significance of understanding the evolution of welfare policies for future development. The essay utilizes various sources, including books and journals, to support its arguments.

HSO4002
Introduction to Social
Policy
Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................4
MAIN BODY.............................................................................................................................4
Outline the founding principles of the Welfare State which were laid down in the Beveridge
Report and compare this with a later approach to welfare, considering the change in ideology
....................................................................................................................................................4
Timeline.................................................................................................................................7
Produce a timeline document that outlines the main stages of the development of welfare in
the UK since the Poor Law Amendment Act 1834................................................................7
CONCLUSION..........................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES...........................................................................................................................9
Books & Journal:....................................................................................................................9
INTRODUCTION
In this contemporary environment, it is often seen that community and society play
important role in development of goals as well as economy of a country. It is examined that

social policy in United Kingdom are of several types which are needed to be properly
considered so that it is easy to manage and maintain the relationship among the people.With
consideration of The Beveridge report, it was examined that it created major change in
welfare state which benefits the citizen of society(Nerlich, 2021).Welfare state of a country is
crucial because it reflects the state of mind of people who are living with the society and
community. Main aim of this essay is to analyse importance of social policy. This essay
consists of principles of the welfare state which were laid down in in beverage report and
change in ideology. Also, timeline document of stages of development of welfare in the UK
has been discussed.
MAIN BODY
Outline the founding principles of the Welfare State which were laid down in the Beveridge
Report and compare this with a later approach to welfare, considering the change in ideology
Welfare state is to be defined as a way of governing in which the state or a group of social
institutions provide basic minimum economic security for its people or citizens. Government
is only responsible for providing social welfare to its citizens, people and community.The
Beveridge report States about the concern regarding me social insurance and allied services.
The report was first published by government in November 1942 in United Kingdom. This
report was drafted by the liberal economist William Beveridge who states that there are five
points on the road of reconstruction of social services. These five giants were published in the
field of World War 2 (De Agostini, 2018).
The five giants are disease, ignorance, Squalor and idleness.The welfare state focuses
on development of social policies as well as regulations which are required to be properly
regulated so that and equilibrium line is being maintained.
5 principles of Welfare State in Beveridge Report-
According to these principles of welfare state which were laid down in the report what
to be found important as because they help in clearing the mind-set of people community
Government and organisation in order to bring peace in the society.
DISEASE- According to this principle of welfare state in beverage report, he stated that there
are proof which are to be formed withheld the inequality and many articles are published in
2010 in which professor Michael Marmot's found that people who live in the poor
neighbourhood in England died on average 7 years earlier as compared to people who live in
the richest neighbourhood. After detailed research and analysis, Beveridge wanted to provide
a free health service accessible to every individual in equal way.In this principle, main focus
was on the rate scale of people of living in our society depends upon their status as well as
well wealth. It has been also stated that it was necessary to examine about the impact of such

disease on people so that better decisions are being undertaken and changes are made
accordingly.This disease principle is necessary to be considered by government so that it is
easier to increase the living standard of people and which also results in enhancement of their
lives. It is too analysed that inequality in living life of people is necessary to be removed so
that it is easier to develop and establish a positive relationship among people. Government
need to be well aware about the root cause of poverty and death rate of people in a country as
because it impacts on the development scale of a country as well as economy. This is too
reporting that professor also describe about how there is life of people makes it difficult for
poor to survive in this competitive market and to live in a prosper way (Smith, 2019).
SQUALOR- This was another principal that was laid down within a beverage report
in which he was shocked by housing condition of people in Britain as he found that there are
many sources of poverty and squalor.To deal with this situation he argued on ambitious
council housing building program with strong rent control sand propose the living history of
the mixer community so that there is a presence of mix of social housing and market housing
in which all the people can lived together with the same Street.It is also analysed that division
of this principle has been failed due to its negative impact on economy. Also after the ban on
council building houses leads to shortage of homes that is negatively impacting upon the
country across London as because number of homes built in six years to the end of 2016 is
only 41.8 % of new household in same period(Foster, 2018).
In this principle, main focus was on the rate scale of people of living in our society
depends upon their status as well as well wealth. It has been also stated that it was necessary
to examine about the impact of such disease on people so that better decisions are being
undertaken and changes are made accordingly.It is important for every individual to have a
house so that they can live in proper manner and also manage status in a community in proper
manner. This has been also examined that people who do not have houses take rent as an
option to live or use accommodation services
IGNORANCE- It was also and the principle which was laid down with in a report in
which it was stated that schools in England and Northern Ireland why shortage of funds due
to the flexibility of economics. Moreover it was examined that teachers want parents that
there is not enough money to fund schools. The situation was unable to improve as the
expenses of studies were increasing at rapid scale. Another ignorance which was reported by
Beveridge was digital depreciation, for example according to ofcom figures for 2017; roughly
15% of UK adults do not have a broadband connection at home. As the government is
moving its foods to earth development of new services and products and going online, it is
becoming difficult for many parents and families to afford Digital expenses.Education is
important for everyone and which is to be given at all level so that development success and

growth are easily achieved. It is too seen that a proper level of resources are to be used so that
it become easier to achieve future goals within a period of time without facing any problems.
IDLENESS- This principle was important as because in this beverage reported that it was
important to provide a full employment to people. In the report measurement was also done
that 97% of the workforce is into work which is a good scale of a country development. The
rate of unemployment in United Kingdom is under 5% (Sanders, 2020).Main reason for the
success is this is part time and temporary jobs has been wide part. Moreover different types of
contracts are being regulated between the employers and employees like zero hours, contract,
permanent, temporary and many more.This principle states that idleness in United Kingdom
is low as because of why number of jobs available in the country. Moreover, it is to critically
analyse that a proper analysis is to be done so that jobs are given to all the people and which
results in positive output to the economy.
WANT-This principal focus is on the wants of people which are not controllable. This
principle of welfare state also shows that main reason of poverty of people is there unlimited
wants and desire. It is often stated that nearly one in five UK children like this official safe
and nutrition food according to UNICEF.With consideration of this principle, Beveridge
reported report that work as a solution to removal of poverty.This principle states that
idleness in United Kingdom is low as because of wide number of jobs available in the
country. Moreover, it is to critically analyse that a proper analysis is to be done so that jobs
are given to all the people and which results in positive output to the economy (Timmins,
2018)
Therefore from the above matter, it is examined that welfare state in beverage report
critically discuss and focused about development of social policies rules and regulations
which are beneficial for future development.This was analysed that it is necessary for
government and societies to be aware about their welfare state so that appropriate decisions
are taken and solutions are easily identified to the problem.
Legislations drawn and other initiatives introduced by successive government
The welfare state in United Kingdom has been changing since 1975. Many different
legislations as well as in cities were to be introduced and adapted by government and other
legal associations in consideration of regulating the social policy in effective manner.
Moreover, it is to stated that several types of systems related to social security and loss
system working introduce such as 1919 addition act which was the first major finance for
council housing, transitional payments for the unemployed in 1927 and many other policies
as well as acts work redefined with the time scale. With changing period of time, it was seen
that government talks many important changes and implementing them effective manner as it
helps them to analysing importance of welfare state and development of a country's economy.

From the above matter it has been examined that legislations as well as the initiatives
introduced by successive government is crucial to be properly adopted so that it is necessary
to make or gain information in appropriate way.Legislations and rules are ready to be
properly undertaken and adopted so that it is easier to use them for future development as
well as growth(Behrendt, 2018).
Timeline
Produce a timeline document that outlines the main stages of the development of welfare in
the UK since the Poor Law Amendment Act 1834
Poor Law Amendment Act According to this act it was quickly passed by parliament
in 1834 with separate registration for Scotland and Ireland. Also up poor law commission was
to be set up in London with aim of employing inspectors to maintain the work of local
officials after this introduction of this act approx. 600 local elected both of guardians were
being setup and every board was having its own workhouse. With the poor law amendment
act 1834 it ensures that poor were housed in workhouses cloth and other essential needs.
After the introduce of the poor law amendment act, attitude of positive impact on
welfare state of UK as because it changes the perceptions and processes of many field as well
as sector (Munro, 2021).
Stages of development of welfare in UK are discussed as follows-
The workhouses under the New Poor Law
The new work houses what to be developed before the introduction of new poor law.
It was saying that principle of new poor law never fully enforced or regulated. Workhouses
were to be appealing in 1845. Moreover, in theoretical perspective workhouses came to an
end with transfer of the poor law to local authorities in 1929.
Public Health- In this a welfare state was developed as because public health was
major concern. So, in between year of 1839 to 1840 poor law commission in carrier identified
disease to be as a major cause of also so in 1848 public health act was initiated by the
government and regulatory bodies (Kliková, 2019).
Local Government- Around the establishment of Poor Law, English local
government developed this act and also Scottish local government regarding the police
burghs which was introduced in 1833 and 1847. By the 1930, it was saying that local
government was the only body to be responsible for every activity which comprises of social
help, hospitals, fire, gas, water and many more.
Education- Education also so I'm limited many changes since the poor law
amendment act 1834 for example in 1870 education act and 1872 Scotland was being

developed in which it AIMS at providing free compulsory elementary education for every
individual up to the age of 12 and 14.Furthermore it was also stated that in 1902 local
education authority verb being formed which took decisions on the basis of new local
government system and was extended in Scotland in 1908 (Powell, 2019).
So, above paragraph States about the stages of development of welfare in UK since
the Poor Law Amendment act 1834. It was also reported that during the introduce of decide
many changes were formed and were adopted by government which took a new place for
growth. Government coverage itself may be an vital organization of political exchange. In
each instances, government rules ended in a long way-attaining changes to the functioning of
the political gadget: a vast enlargement in the role of government inside the economy, using
taxes to redistribute wealth, an boom in the political have an impact on of organized labour,
and the implementation of national packages of social welfare. Major coverage alternate of
this type, of route, is often a response to significant pressures and needs that, if now not
satisfied by using the system, might also intensify and cause various varieties of violent
political movement. At other instances, however, coverage adjustments are imposed by a
government to attain the political, social, and economic goals of a single elegance, of elite, or
of the political leadership itself. Interpret political aid in phrases of regime balance, then it's
far seldom at issue in superior democratic societies; however if it indicates best approval for
authorities, then direct measures of recognition do the task higher. This paper works towards
an empirical conceptualization of political guide intermediate alongside that continuum by
using investigating the connection among guide orientations and the general public's
evaluation of governmental coverage performance.
CONCLUSION
After a brief analysis of essay, it has been concluded that social policy in UK has a
deep bite on individual mind side as well as status of living life. So, discussions have been
made about Beveridge report an approach to welfare, changes in ideology. Also a timeline has
been produced of the development of welfare in the UK. Thus, it is critically stated that it is
necessary to be aware about rules regulations and policies on the basis of which it is easy for
every individual to make effective decisions.In United Kingdom, it is necessary for people to
be well aware about their rights and laws which can be used by them at appropriate level and
benefits can be easily achieved. Furthermore it is to state that internal and external analysis is
required to be done so that it becomes easier to use the rights in legal manner.It is also
important for government and other legal body association to make a sure that social policy is
being applied in correct way in order to enhance the relationship between the people.

REFERENCES
Books & Journal:
Nerlich, 2021.Social representations of ‘social distancing’in response to COVID-19 in the
UK media. Current Sociology, p.0011392121990030.
De Agostini, 2018. Were We Really All in it Together? The Distributional Effects of the
2010–15 UK Coalition Government's Tax‐benefit Policy Changes. Social Policy &
Administration, 52(5), pp.929-949.
Smith, 2019. Poverty, social exclusion and enterprise policy: A study of UK policies’
effectiveness over 40 years. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and
Innovation, 20(2), pp.107-118.
Foster, 2018.Active ageing, pensions and retirement in the UK. Journal of population
ageing, 11(2), pp.117-132.
Sanders, 2020.A Reform Strategy for the UK.In The Entrepreneurial Society (pp. 203-
246).Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
Timmins, 2018. LSE festival Beveridge 2.0 preview: the five giants by Nicholas
Timmins. LSE Review of Books.
Behrendt, 2018. At the margins of the welfare state: social assistance and the alleviation of
poverty in Germany, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Routledge.
Munro, 2021.The Welfare State and the Bourgeois Family-Household. Science &
Society, 85(2), pp.199-206.
Kliková, 2019. Is the Czech Republic a Welfare State?. DANUBE: Law, Economics and
Social Issues Review, 10(2), pp.185-197.
Powell, 2019. Understanding the mixed economy of welfare.Policy Press.

Griffiths, 2017. No love on the dole: The influence of the UK means-tested welfare system on
partnering and family structure. Journal of Social Policy, 46(3), pp.543-561.
Lindert, 2021.Social spending and the welfare state.