HEYT Trauma Service Analysis: Capacity and Improvement Needs

This report investigates the trauma service delivery at Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust (HEYT), designated as a Major Trauma Centre in 2012. The Senior Management Team reports challenges in managing complex trauma activity with existing capacity. The research aims to assess the impact of HEYT's services and identify reasons for these capacity issues. Objectives include establishing a current activity profile for moderate and minor trauma, researching the impact on other acute trusts in England, and establishing national guidelines for best practices in trauma pathways. The literature review covers the role and importance of trauma centers, factors affecting their performance, and needed improvements. The methodology section outlines the research philosophy, approach, design, strategy, data collection, and analysis methods. The findings and analysis delve into the needs of trauma centers, the necessity for introducing special technology at HEYT, and specific improvements required. The report concludes with recommendations to enhance trauma service delivery at HEYT.

Running head: BUSINESS RESEARCH METHOD
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Name of the student
Name of the University
Author note

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Abstract
The major role of the trauma centers to provide the proper treatments like for reducing the
likelihood of death and the permanent disability for the injured patients. The major trauma
centers continuously looks after the treatment of the life threatening and disabling injuries. The
trauma centers are established also within the hospitals and are not intended to replace the
traditional hospitals. This are comprised of the emergency departments that is for treating the
minor injuries.The health care providers working in these trauma centers are given the special
trainings of how to deal with the severe cases. The health care are often experienced in dealing
with the severe cases thereby from the observations of dealing with the severe cases they have
become expertise in the field of providing special services to the patients while dealing with the
severe cases.

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Table of Contents
1. Introduction..................................................................................................................................4
1.1 Background............................................................................................................................4
1.2 Problem statement.................................................................................................................4
1.3 Research aim..........................................................................................................................4
1.4 Research objective.................................................................................................................4
1.5 Research questions.................................................................................................................4
2. Literature review..........................................................................................................................5
2.1 Role of trauma center.............................................................................................................5
2.2 Importance of trauma center..................................................................................................6
2.3 Factors affecting trauma center.............................................................................................8
2.4 Improvements needed for major trauma center.....................................................................9
2.5 Literature gap.......................................................................................................................10
3. Methodology..............................................................................................................................11
3.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................11
3.2 Research outline...................................................................................................................11
3.3 Research philosophy............................................................................................................11
3.4 Research approach...............................................................................................................12
3.5 Research design...................................................................................................................12
3.6 Research strategy.................................................................................................................13

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3.7 Data collection method........................................................................................................13
3.8 Data analysis method...........................................................................................................13
3.9 Sample size..........................................................................................................................13
3.10 Ethical issues.....................................................................................................................14
3.11 Research limitations...........................................................................................................14
3.12 Conclusion.........................................................................................................................14
4. Findings and analysis.................................................................................................................15
4.1 Needs of the trauma centers.................................................................................................15
4.2 Need for introduction of special technology for Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS
Trust (HEYT).............................................................................................................................15
4.3 Improvements that are required to be introduced in HEYT................................................15
5. Conclusion and Recommendation.............................................................................................16
References......................................................................................................................................18

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1. Introduction
1.1 Background
Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust (HEYT) was designated as a Major
Trauma Centre in 2012. It is one of three Centres in the Yorkshire and Humber region, along
with Leeds and Sheffield. Each Trauma Centre has formed a sub-regional network, with HEYT
contributing to the North and East Yorkshire Major Trauma sub network.
1.2 Problem statement
The Senior Management Team are reporting that HEYT is experiencing higher levels of
more complex trauma activity which they are unable to manage with the capacity available.
1.3 Research aim
The research study aims to find out the impact of the services provided by HEYT and the
reason for not able to manage the complex trauma activity with the capacity available.
1.4 Research objective
 Establish Current Activity Profile – Moderate and Minor Trauma for Hull University
Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
 Research impact on other acute trust in England immediately after becoming a Major
Trauma Centre and its effect on the Orthopaedic trauma patients
 Establish national guidelines to identify best practice and current recommendations
regarding trauma pathways.

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1.5 Research questions
What is the activity of Moderate and Minor Trauma for Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS
TRUST?
How the research impact on other acute trust in England immediately after becoming a Major
Trauma Centre and its effect on the Orthopaedic trauma patients
How to identify best practice and current recommendations regarding trauma pathways by
establishing national guidelines.
2. Literature review
2.1 Role of trauma center
In everyday life the people are suffering from various critical injury that is referred as
trauma in the case of trauma center. The most common causes of such injuries mostly brings
people to the trauma center. As commented by Peters(2018), the injuries that are mostly make
people to suffer from trauma are the falls or the motor vehicle crashes. This type of events leads
to cause the life threatening trauma in the various areas of their body. The common cause of the
injury involves the burns, gunshots wounds and the assaults. Also stated by Harvey(2018), the
trauma centers provided the specialized medical services that leads to medical services and the
resources to the patients those are suffering from the traumatic injuries. The major role of the
trauma centers to provide the proper treatments like for reducing the likelihood of death and the
permanent disability for the injured patients. The major trauma centers continuously looks after
the treatment of the life threatening and disabling injuries. According toWright (2018), the
trauma centers are established also within the hospitals and are not intended to replace the

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traditional hospitals. This are comprised of the emergency departments that is for treating the
minor injuries.
As argued by Freeman(2018), the major component of the trauma center that
differentiates from the regular hospitals is that the trauma center are available for the patients for
the 24 hour availability of the team. Not only this the health care providers are havingexpertise in
the cases of dealing with the severely injured patients. The health care providers are specially
trained for dealing with such severe cases. The health care providers involves the trauma
surgeons, neurosurgeons, orthopedic, cardiac surgeons, the radiologists and the nurses. The
specialty resources should involve the 24 hour availability of the trauma resuscitation area in the
emergency treatment of the trauma center. The trauma center involves the operating room,
laboratory testing, diagnostic testing, the blood bank and the pharmacy for providing the 24 hour
availability of services for the patients suffering from the trauma services.Collier(2018), also
argued that the hospitals who perused the trauma center accreditation are required to comply
with the standards of the accreditation. The aggressive trauma care accreditation is the process
that is required to assure the trauma care that is delivered as per the established standards of care.
2.2 Importance of trauma center
The trauma center is considered as one of the most important aspects in the society that
will help the society by providing the major treatment in the severe cases. This is the specific
capability of the trauma center that are identified by the level designation. The level I trauma
centers are considered as the one that provides the multidisciplinary treatment thereby providing
the specialized resources the for the trauma patients and also required the trauma research. In this
type of the trauma centers the surgical residency program is introduced thereby meeting the
annual volume of the 600 major trauma patients every year. As commented by Sathya (2015),

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the level II trauma centers provided the similar experienced medical services the resources. The
volume requirements that the level II trauma patients are required to meet large volume of
trauma patients every year. The major trauma centers also involves the level III trauma centers as
the smaller hospitals are unable to provide every type treatments required for dealing with the
special cases. Therefore the level III hospitals are considered as the trauma centers those are the
smaller community hospitals thereby providing the service carte for the patients along with the
moderate injuries and also with the ability to stabilize the severe trauma patient. Those patients
are required to be transported to the higher level of the trauma centers.
As argued by Alali (2015) the level III trauma center does not require any neurosurgical
resource.The trauma centers also includes the level IV trauma centers that deals with the initial
care that are provided in the treatment process thereby dealing with the severe sufferings for the
patients. The initial care are provided by this trauma centers helps to provide the initial care for
surviving during the arrangement of transferring of the patients to the major trauma centers. This
type of trauma centers are important for the society as the people many times are found that they
are not aware of how to react with the business there by the treatments are often found to be
incorrect provided in the initial stage for the patients. Thus the patients are required to be taken
to the local level IV traumacenters thereby making them relieved till they are not been
transported to the high level of trauma centers. The level I and II trauma centers are considered
as one of the important aspects of the society. This is so because they are often considered as the
Adult trauma centers and the Pediatric Trauma centers. The ultimate special care services are
provided by these trauma centers. They are able to provide the exceptional services than the
traditional hospitals thereby they are required to be present in the society. The another important
factors that are provides by the level I and II trauma centers are that they are able to provide the

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authentic health care services for the people suffering from trauma. The health care providers
working in these trauma centers are given the special trainings of how to deal with the severe
cases. The health care are often experienced in dealing with the severe cases thereby from the
observations of dealing with the severe cases they have become expertise in the field of
providing special services to the patients while dealing with the severe cases. On the contrary of
these the author also mentioned that the business is able to deal with the small cases that is in the
operation room the health care providers are able to deal with the cases that are comprised of
small injuries and the initial stage of trauma the people are suffering from. They also deal with
the small volume of trauma patients per years as compared to the major trauma centers.
2.3 Factors affecting trauma center
There are various factors that is affecting the trauma centers thereby affecting the
treatment process of the business. The society are also affected by such factors as dealing with
the factors the people are unable to get the major services from the trauma centers when it is
required most. As the society are facing huge problem as in the emergency situation the people
have faith only upon the trauma centers by completely depending upon the services provided by
the trauma centers. When they are unable to provide such services the people are greatly
affected,
As stated by Whiting(2015), in most of the cases it is found that in the severe situation
when the patient are suffering the severe level of trauma then the people are required to opt the
most expensive services provided by the student. This is the scenario because the high cost of the
equipment’s raises the prices of the medical treatment of such severe cases, this becomes quite
difficult for the people to arrange for the health care services that is highly expensive for them.
Also stated by Greenberg (2015), the trauma centers are unable to provide proper treatment in

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some of the major cases as the people usually suffering from severe diseases require major
treatment facilities. Such treatment facilities are required to be provided with the help of various
equipment’s as well as technologies that are not available in the major centers. This is considered
as one of the major factors that disrupts the treatment process for the patients in the emergency
situation. The technology advancement are required to be introduced in the trauma centers as this
is one of the major sector that required highly technology advanced equipment for treating the
people.
As argued by Thakore (2015), the major trauma centers are required to introduce the
factors that will be beneficial for mitigating the problems faced by the people in the trauma
centers. The most of the traumatic patients are not provided special care in the trauma center.
This should be of first priory of treating the patients in the special manner as the patients are
already panicked and get traumatized therefore the treatment process can make the patients even
more traumatized thereby dealing with the patient like the normal way the health care
professionals behave with the normal patients. Therefore for providing special care the health
care professionals working in the trauma centers are required to undergo through a session. The
patients in most of the cases are found out that after going through the accidents they become
traumatized, that can be cured by proper counselling and this is considered as the initial stage of
the treatment that are required by the traumatic patients to survive. The traumatic centers also
deals with the mental conditions of the patients that are required to be done in the exact manner.
Therefore the traumatic centers deals with the severe cases of the patients thereby involving the
special treatments for the patients.

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2.4 Improvements needed for major trauma center
There are various problems that the traumatic centers are facing in providing services to
the people as the traumatic center is required to maintain the effective services for the traumatic
patients. The traumatic center is required to deal with the exceptional services for the patient
those can be cured at the initial stage only. The introduction of the special care for the traumatic
patients will help the patients to survive within short span of time. The traumatic centers is
expected to increase their staffs for increasing the volume of the traumatic patients they serves
every year. The health care professionals are required to be provided with the additional facilities
for dealing with the severe cases and the training process will also bring improvements in the
services provided by the health care services.
As argued by Oyeniyi(2017), the improvement that are meant to be introduced in the
traumatic centers are required to be provided by the traumatic centers for dealing with the
effective services for the traumatic patients. In addition to this the traumatic center is required to
provide the services without considering the prices that might berequired by the sectors for
bringing changes in the services provided by the traumatic centers.
2.5 Literature gap
The literature gap that is identified from the above research study is that in the first article
the author described the trauma that the people usually suffers from trauma in most of the cases.
The study also provides the details information regarding the services that the trauma centers are
due to present to the traumatic patients. The roles of the traumatic centers are described in the
article but lacks in drawing light upon the services that are usually provided by the traumatic
centers tothe patients. This study will show the services that re provided by a specific trauma
centers to the traumatic patients in England. The second article showed the importance of the

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trauma centers in the society but provided less evidences of services that are usually provided by
the trauma centers but this study will involve the evidences showing the services of the trauma
centers. The third article determined the factors that affected the trauma centers but does not
draws light on all the problems faced by the trauma centers in providing services. Therefore this
study will involve the areas where the trauma centers are facing problem in serving people. The
last article showed the improvements that are recommended for the trauma centers to introduce
but lack the innovations in the medical sciences that will help the traumatic patients of severe
cases to survive. This study will reflect upon the necessary improvements that the trauma center
is required to introduce for the study.
3. Methodology
3.1 Introduction
This chapter describes about the research methodologies that will be used in the research
work by highlighting the principle characteristics. Additionally the researcher also explains the
reasons of selecting the particular method and giving justification for the application of such
methodologies in the research process (Abbasi, Sarker and Chiang 2016). The successful
completion of the research work s dependent on the application of the proper research
methodologies (Aksoy and Yildiz 2017).
3.2 Research outline
The successful completion of the research is based on the application of suitable research
methodologies (Robson and McCartan 2016). In the case of this research, based on the research
aim, objectives and hypothesis, the researcher has used positivism philosophy, deductive
approach and descriptive research design (McNabb 2015). In addition to, the researcher has also

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used primary data collection technique for gathering the data for the survey research strategy
(Joslin and Müller 2016).
3.3 Research philosophy
Positivism philosophy has been used for this research. The application of positivism
philosophy is justified, as this is the most appropriate philosophy for collecting quantitative data
(Beins 2017). The use of positivism philosophy has provided an opportunity for the researcher to
use a scientific approach for considering the patient’s behavior and patient satisfaction towards
the services received from HEYT (Bell, Bryman and Harley 2018).Taking in to account the
exact numbers in terms of the responses of the patients also provided an opportunity for the
researcher to verify and validate the data that has been collected from the respondents (Gentles et
al. 2015).
3.4 Research approach
The deductive research approach is justified for this research approach as this helps the
researcher to validate the hypothesis which has been formulated and investigating the impact of
the services those have been provided by the HEYT for the traumatic patients (Hughes and
Sharrock 2016). Both literature review and the survey allowed validating the formulated research
hypothesis (O'Connor 2015). Thus, deductive approach is the most appropriate one for this
research purpose (Leavy 2017).
3.5 Research design
The descriptive research design is justified for this research purpose as this allows thee
researcher to verify the research aids in the well defined process, thereby reducing the conclusion
in the rigid manner (Nardi 2018). Descriptive design has both the characteristics of explanatory

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and exploratory research design (Halperin and Heath 2016). The use of this design provides an
opportunity for the researcher to explore the factors that are affecting HEYT to produce the
effective services in the complex cases of traumatic activity (Patten and Newhart 2017).
3.6 Research strategy
Survey research strategy has been used for this research. The application of survey
research strategy has been justified, as this allowed the researcher to collect data from the patient
regarding the services produced by HEYT and the areas where HEYT is lacking (Prasad 2017).
3.7 Data collection method
This research work is based upon the collection of the primary data and the application of
the primary quantitative data is appropriate as this allowed the researcher to gather data from the
patients those have already received treatments from HEYT (Quinlan et al. 2019). The use of the
objective related questions in the survey process is also justified as this helps the researcher to
fulfill the research aim and objectives thereby, fulfilling the purpose of the research work (Ryan
2018).
3.8 Data analysis method
The quantitative data analysis is appropriate for the research work as the researcher is
able to take into account of the number of the respondents and also by emphasizing on the
quantity of the respondents than the quality (Sekaran and Bougie 2016). Thus the emphasizing
on the quantity has allowed the researcher to consider the perspectives and the viewpoints of the
patients of HYET (Walliman 2017).

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3.9 Sample size
Random probability sampling technique has been used for this research. In the case of
this research, the researcher has selected 100 patients of HEYT to find out the lacking areas of
the services provided by the hospital (Hair Jr et al. 2015).
3.10 Ethical issues
The ethical guidelines should be followed in the research process. During the collection
of primary data, there will be no force on the respondents for attending the survey and each
respondent will be signing the consent form, in order to make sure that they are participating
willingly (Bryman 2016). If in any case, there is a requirement of permission from any authority
then it will be taken by presenting the authorized letter of University to everywhere necessary
(Hanson and Mellinger 2016). In the case of the secondary research, the referencing will be there
which will ensure the authentication of data and avoid any type of plagiarism activity (Hussein
2015). This research will not be following any kind of activity, which violates the rules, and
regulation of ethical guidelines (Watson 2015).
3.11 Research limitations
During the research work, the researcher faced few limitations that could hamper the
quality of the research work, thereby restricting the vastness of the research study (Baronov
2015). In addition to this the use of the closes ended questions in the survey process has
restricted the patients from sharing their experiences in the detail manner (Paquot and Plonsky
2017). This is also because the respondents are required to choose their answer given in the
options rather than their actual perspectives (Queirós, Faria and Almeida 2017).

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3.12 Conclusion
Therefore from the above discussion it can be concluded that the researcher is able to
draw light on the methodological tools used for this research purpose. Along with this the
research also justified the reason of selecting such methodological tools for achieving the
research aims and objectives.
4. Findings and analysis
4.1 Needs of the trauma centers
This study find out that the health care of the trauma centers are required to provide the
requirements faced by the health care professionals. The trauma centers are required to introduce
the factors which will help them to provide the effective services to the traumatic patients. This
study founded that the traumatic centers lacks the high priced equipment which are required for
dealing with the major severe cases.
4.2 Need for introduction of special technology for Hull University Teaching
Hospitals NHS Trust (HEYT)
This study found out that HEYT are unable to provide the proper treatment for the
complex cases of traumatic activity. Thereby the organization becoming one of the major trauma
centre is unable to provide the effective services for the complex cases. This showed that the
health care professionals of the organization is required to determine the effective technology
which will help them to manage the complex cases with the capacity of the trauma centre.
4.3 Improvements that are required to be introduced in HEYT
HEYT is required to specially make the health care professionals through the training
program so that they are able to deal with the complex cases. The senior management team of the

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organization is required to involve the individuals of the hospitals to go through a session related
to how each and every individuals are required to do in the complex cases. The organization is
also required to introduce the special techniques and by observing the handling of the complex
cases the professionals will be able to get to know the techniques of managing the complex cases
with the resources the organization are able to provide. HEYT is also required to introduce the
highly advanced equipment for the treatment of the severe cases. This will also make the health
care professionals more confident regarding the dealing of the complex cases. The introduction
of the technologically will not only increase the confidence of the health care professionals for
dealing with the severe cases but will also save time as this will be the time consumption
techniques that could be implemented by the organization for serving the trauma patients in the
better way.
Therefore this study is able to find out the major trauma from which the people suffers
and the actual roles and responsibilities of the trauma centres. This study also find out the
expectation that the people generally have from the trauma centres. The study also able to
analyse the importance of the trauma centres in the society through which the trauma centre will
be able to serve the people suffering from the traumatic activities. Therefore the study found out
that the improvements are required in HEYT as the senior management team are unable to
manage the complex cases of traumatic activities which showed that the advancement in the
services provided by the health care professionals are required to be altered and improved.
5. Conclusion and Recommendation
Therefore this study will found the trauma that the people generally suffers and the
impact of the services provided by the trauma center to the traumatic patients. This study also
found out the trauma centers are unable to provide proper treatment in some of the major cases

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as the people usually suffering from severe diseases require major treatment facilities. Such
treatment facilities are required to be provided with the help of various equipment’s as well as
technologies that are not available in the major centers. This is considered as one of the major
factors that disrupts the treatment process for the patients in the emergency situation. The
technology advancement are required to be introduced in the trauma centers as this is one of the
major sector that required highly technology advanced equipment for treating the people. In case
of HEYT this study proposes the recommendations for the hospital to deal in the effective way
with the complex cases. The senior management team of the organization is required to involve
the individuals of the hospitals to go through a session related to how each and every individuals
are required to do in the complex cases. The organization is also required to introduce the special
techniques and by observing the handling of the complex cases the professionals will be able to
get to know the techniques of managing the complex cases with the resources the organization
are able to provide. HEYT is also required to introduce the highly advanced equipment for the
treatment of the severe cases. This will also make the health care professionals more confident
regarding the dealing of the complex cases. The introduction of the technologically will not only
increase the confidence of the health care professionals for dealing with the severe cases but will
also save time as this will be the time consumption techniques that could be implemented by the
organization for serving the trauma patients in the better way.

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