Comprehensive Report: Human Capital and Leadership Strategies

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of human capital and leadership management, focusing on the application of these concepts within the context of the Hilton Hotel. The report begins by exploring different approaches to company management, including the Guest model, and evaluates their strategic implications. It then delves into the recruitment and selection procedures employed by Hilton, detailing the various steps involved, such as shortlisting, examinations, group discussions, interviews, and final selection. The report also provides recommendations for improving these processes. Furthermore, it examines various approaches to Human Resource Development (HRD), including the balanced scorecard approach, and discusses their significance. The report then proceeds to analyze different theories of motivation, such as those proposed by Maslow and Herzberg, and their relevance to employee engagement. Finally, the report concludes by outlining the characteristics of effective leadership models, including transformational and situational leadership, and their impact on organizational success. The report provides a detailed overview of the content, drawing on various sources to analyze the various aspects of human capital and leadership.

MANAGING HUMAN CAPITAL
AND LEADERSHIP

Abstract
In this report it has been discussed about the various approaches of company
management like Guest model. Also, it is described about process of selection and recruitment
that is followed by Hilton Hotel. This includes the steps involved in the selection of the
candidate such as short listing, conducting exam, etc. Moreover, various approaches associated
to Human Resource Department such as balanced score card, HRD score card and many other
are discussed. Furthermore, it has been also discussed about various theories of motivation like
Maslow, Herzberg, etc. and at last the characteristic of effective leadership model that is
transformational and situational leadership is been explained.

Table of Contents
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
Analysing the approach of company management......................................................................1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................2
Recruitment and selection procedure in Hilton Hotel..................................................................2
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................4
Various approaches to HRD........................................................................................................4
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................6
Theories motivation theories........................................................................................................6
TASK 5............................................................................................................................................8
Characteristic of effective leadership model................................................................................8
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
For the effective growth of the organisation the various processes are occurred in an
organisation i.e. retaining, managing acquiring and training, these processes are defined as
Human Capital and Leadership Management. In other word, bringing out the best possible result
from an existing employee by upgrading their skills which beneficial for the organisation growth
is called human capital management. In this report it will be discussed the various approaches of
company's management of its human resources, recruitment and selection procedures of an
organisation. Along with the recommendation to how to improve this process of hiring, various
approaches to Human Resource Development and its recommendation, various theories of
motivation along with the characteristic of effective leadership model. Hilton Hotel is an
American multinational hospital company. It has its headquarter situated in Tyson corner,
Virginia.
TASK 1
Analysing the approach of company’s management of its human resources
As per the view of Aminullah, E and et.al., (2017) strategies proposed that are used for
long-term consequences both for the benefits and costs are to be evaluated by the organization
which benefits in policies which must be evaluated at three different levels that are: individual,
firm and society. Which in return are to be analysed with the help of 4Cs that are: commitment
towards firm, congruence, competence, cost effectiveness which can help Hotel Hilton to
generate cost benefits and help workers with the task and organize a sense of better
understanding between workers and Hotel Hilton. Which is used to bring about the change in the
business model processes like recruiting and selecting which will help Hotel Hilton to develop a
strategic approach. In the generation of the strategic approach to being about the change in the
strategy brought in Hotel Hilton, it has been seen that the human resource flow is improved and
the strategy built up by the HR manager of Hilton Hotel this must be implemented by the HR
manager of Hotel Hilton.
Benefits:
 They tend to implement and gain a long term objectives this can help in recruiting and
selecting of the workers their track record is seen.
 The performance is upgraded as per the requirements of the Hotel Hilton which can be
assets to Hotel Hilton (Vasilaki and et.al., 2016).
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 The reward management should be done is order to keep the workers motivated various
reward strategy must be provided.
 HRM practices has a wide impact on the social and personal behaviour of the workers
which must be coordinated and help the firm for the betterment of Hotel Hilton.
 Levels of hierarchical development must be achieved and the rapid rate of increments
must help the organization to achieve the targets set up by the organization.
 HRM strategy will help Hotel Hilton to achieve the cost effectiveness with the help of
achieving the targets and profitability.
Guest Model
As per the view of (Cascio, 2015), this model provides a strategical development of Hotel
Hilton in development of resource and management of resource is altered by the Guest's Theory
which gives a brief about the strategies, practices and functions brought by the effective
leadership which will help in the growth and development of the firm. This theory supports the
growth and development of the firm and bring about the change in the financial outcome, a
change in performance can be seen. Change in behaviour and strategy can be made out by the
Guest's model which can help in the development of Hotel Hilton. This model provides a root to
the strategical management which help in the growth and development of the Hotel Hilton. It
tells us about different strategic approach which should be used in the growth and development
of Hotel Hilton. These strategies are responsive to change and are useful to Hotel Hilton which
helps in the all round development of the firm (Smith and et.al, 2016).
Benefits:
 A changing context will provide a Challenge to employee's well being which they would
find it difficult to foster HRM decisions and implemented for the well being and to bring
about the change in the Hotel Hilton.
 To cope up with the business competitors. This theory gives a way to achieve a positive
employee relationship which can help in the development of the employees and to
provide them with reward.
 The workers achieve the targets and performs best it gives the strategic tool to Hotel
Hilton for the development of the firm and management of the Hotel which help in
achieving the profitability (Youssef-Morgan and Stratman, 2017).
 It also provides a strategic tool about the management of stakeholders like shareholders,
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employee's, government and unions which can help in providing Hotel Hilton a strategic
tool in achieving the targets.
 They must work for the betterment of employees providing them with a safe and secure
work environment which are assets to the firm. Building strategies for flow of reward
which keeps the employees motivated and help in the strategic development of the Hotel
Hilton (Popescu, Comanescu and Sabie, 2016).
 A cost effective management must be carried out to develop a strategy which helps the
firm to attract more customers and achieve profitability in the firm.
 This strategy should provide a long term stability of the Hotel Hilton with all the
facilities provided by the firm.
Our organization will choose this guest model as it is most suited for Hotel Hilton this gives an
all round development of the workers. It gives a motivation strategy to the workers and help in
the all round development of the firm. And help development of the workers.
TASK 2
Recruitment and selection procedure in Hilton Hotel
There are various steps involved in the selection and recruitment procedure in Hilton
hotel. These steps are the step wise procedures which includes short-listing, conducting exams,
group discussions, interviews and final interviews. Recruitment is always a complex and time
consuming procedure for an recruiter to find the appropriate candidate.
Short-listing it is the initial or the first step in the recruitment of an employee in Hilton
hotel. This step of the selection procedure shortlist the candidates based on their requirements in
the organisation. Those candidates are short-listed whom the interviewer thinks fit for the
required vacancy. They are called for the preliminary exam for the position that needed to be
filled.
Conducting exam, the next step after short-listing is the conducting exam. This exam is
both theoretical as well as practical (Pick and et.al., 201). Theoretical exams are the tests based
on hotel management theoretical subjects and practical exams are for the test of practical
knowledge of the candidate on the hotel management subjects.
Group discussion Group discussion is conducted in the recruitment procedure of Hilton
hotel. Group discussion is generally conducted in order to test the candidates' ability to talk or
handle the client in the hotel. Group discussion also checks the aggression level of the candidate.
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Thus, group discussion step brings out the actual nature of the human whether candidate is
capable to work in the organization or not.
Interview in the final interview the candidate has to pass some medical tests. The
interviewer analysis the candidate's theoretical knowledge and their ability to implement in the
practical world. In this process knowledge and concepts about various trending topics is analysis
in addition to it, it helps the interviewer to check the confidence level of the candidate (Vidotto,
and et.al , 2017).
Selection this is the final step of the recruitment process where the interviewer selects the
most suitable candidate according to the interview conducted (Petrick, 2017). The selected
candidates are called for a meeting where the salary package bonus incentives and other benefits
for the employees and rules and regulations which the employee has to follow in the
organization.
Recommendation for improving the recruitment and selection process
In today’s world, professional hiring sites such as linked In have made it easier for the
organization to find the appropriate candidate. These procedures are time saving and cost
effective for the organization. These applications have made it simple for the recruiters to find
candidates. So Hilton hotel must use of these modern technologies to find out the appropriate
candidate for the vacant posts in their hotel. It is recommended that choosing the right candidate
can be chosen for the company as it plays a vital role as right candidate is a crucial decision for
the company. Some candidates might have the right attitude towards the selection procedure. So
selecting an appropriate individual, there could be two criteria which company could follow.
First one is to check the attitude while second one is to check the self- motivation level of the
candidate. Skills can be earned but good attitude may not be. Company can't force someone for
its mental make-up but an individual's mental mind cannot be set up. Small businesses should
also involve some senior manager during the recruitment and selection so if an organisation does
not have a human resource department so this will cause problem for the company so Hilton
team member should involve and it can be achieved senior manager within the interview process.
Also, training programs could be clearly well defined, supervisors, hiring managers as training
does not involve the needed steps for recruitment and selection but also the appropriate process
of interviews effectively. It could include laws, polices, rules as well as regulations and also the
goals of the organisation during the training process. Before starting the selection as well as
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recruitment process job description must be there to define the role of each and every employees
of the organization. It allows employees to understands roles as well as responsibility so that
qualified candidates can be selected and also provides the productive results for the company.
Every company must have a proper set of rules and regulations before conducting the
selection procedure of the candidate. Policies may include the number of rounds will be there in
the recruitment and the various steps through which the candidate has to go through before the
final selection. Companies may include some policies such as the candidate must be in proper
uniform for example if they recruiting for the position of chef then the candidate must be in
proper chef coat.
TASK 3
Various approaches to HRD
The training and development provided to employees of an organisation is called Human
resources development (HRD). These trainings are provided in order to increase the knowledge,
skills and abilities of an employee working in an organisation. The various approaches to HRD
are:
Balanced score card approach
Balanced score card approach is used by the Hilton Hotel for the long run and the success
of its business, the stakeholders i.e. consumer, stakeholders and employees to be satisfied HRD.
The strategy is reflected by score card. Satisfaction of shareholder, investor and customers by
employee's behaviour and attitude are all stakeholder which are interrelated. For keeping all three
stakeholders satisfied, the HR of Hilton Hotel plays a significant role. The difference between
external measure and internal measure provided by the scorecard to Hilton Hotel.
Improvement this approach can be improved by keeping all the three stakeholders i.e.
consumer, stakeholder and employees satisfied.
Strategic HR framework approach
This approach enables Hilton hotel to achieve its various goals for building critical
organizational capabilities, so HRs are aligned. To align Human resource or to leverage HR in
this organization, the strategic framework offers specific paths and tools to identity how
strategies could they be aligned (Pasban and Nojedeh, 2016). This framework has three main
elements i.e. Human resource practices, organizational capabilities and business strategies
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Improvement this approach can be improved by providing specific paths and tools to identify
how strategies could be applied. .
Integrated framework
Integrated framework approach enhanced the Business performance of Hilton hotel by
HR practices in three ways i.e. by building organizational capabilities, improving employee’s
satisfaction and by shaping shareholder and customer satisfaction. It is called the first linkage
chain. The stakeholders' satisfaction, customer satisfaction and implementation of business
strategy are the key driver of the second linkage chain
Improvement this approach can be improved by building organizational capabilities, improving
employee’s satisfaction and by shaping shareholder and customer satisfaction. .
HRD score approach
HR department of Hilton hotel maintains a balanced score card which is called a HR
scorecard. For the measurement of HR efficiency and contribution to strategy implementation
HRD scorecard approach matches the business strategies with HR objectives in the organisation.
Four factors on which HRD maturity level depends are HRD culture, HRD competence of the
employees including HR department and HRD systems maturity.
The HR department is facilitated by HR score card by becoming a source of competitive
advantage and a strategic asset, for the firm’s financial results and profitability access to HR's
quantitatively contribution. HR scorecard helps HR department in creating and measuring the
degree of alignment between the strategy of business and HR architecture of the firm.
Improvement HRD score approach can be improved by creating and measuring the degree of
alignment between the strategy of business and HR architecture of the firm.
Manpower approach
To meet the demands of the companies economy, the manpower approach is the attempt
to develop a nation human resource by Hilton hotel. In the labour force for skilled labour this
approach of manpower is applied purposely. For planning education system, manpower approach
focuses on the need of planners to reflected on the needed areas of the society.
Economic growth of the country requires not only the physical resources and facilities
but also requires human resourced to organize and use the natural resources. For the economic
growth of the country it is required to develop human resource through enhancing educational
system. Planning of education must be skill based (Noe, and et.al., 2017). Human resource is
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required in all fields of the organisation which shows manpower approach is a educational
planning approach. This approach makes sure that for the national development the right quality
and calibre of manpower is needed. This approach is applied keeping in mind that resources must
be applied economically without any wastage. High quality of education is ensured by this
approach which automatically benefited Hilton hotel in several ways.
Improvement Manpower approach can be improved by focusing on the needs of planners to
reflect in the needed areas of the society
TASK 4
Theories motivation theories
As per the view of the GE Gawel, (2014) there are two theories of motivation explained
that is; Herzberg's theory of motivation and Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Motivation theories are
classified into two that is main content theories or process theories. Theories which are
mentioned above are two main content theories of the motivation. Before understanding the
motivation theories, the main thing is to be very clear about the word motivation what does it
really means. Generally, motivation is defined as the need which require the satisfaction or an
activity to influence anyone for work.
Herzberg's two factors theory suggests that there are some of the job factors results in
satisfaction while some other job factors resulting in prevention of the dissatisfaction.
Herzberg's explained these two job factors into two categories.
Hygienic factors
These are the job factors that are essential for existence in the marketplace. For long term
they did not lead to positive satisfaction. It shows the psychological needs and wants of the
employee.
 Pay employees salary must be according to its position and worth in the company. Salary
must be appropriate and reasonable.Company and administration policies are too much
rigid policies. There should be flexible working hours and dress code, holiday should be
provided.Fringe benefits the employee must be availed with some health care plans for
him and his family Physical working conditions the physical working conditions of the premises must be
neat, clean and hygienic, and equipment should be well maintained and updated.
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Motivation factors
 Recognisable accomplishments of the employee must be praised and recognized
 Growth and promotional opportunities Every individual employee needs growth and
promotions. This motivates an employee to continue to work in the organisation.
Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory
Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory of motivation: This theory of the motivation is
developed by the Abraham Maslow in 1940s and 1950s under this motivation theory hierarchy of
needs are present in the structure of the pyramid. Basic as well as complex needs of staffs of
Hilton hotel at the bottom and top of Maslow hierarchy ( Mayo, 2016).
 Physiological Needs are needs of an human to survive which includes air, water, food and
etc. which are needed for an individual to survive in the workplace.
 Safety and security safety mean protection i.e. protection from health hazards along with
job security, financial security and family security
 Social needs this factor includes needs of friendship, love and care.
 Esteem needs this need includes achievement, confidence, respect within the
organisation.
 Self-actualization needs this shows the employees self desire to grow and work at its
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Illustration 1: Herzbwerg's Two Factor Theory
Source:Herzberg's Motivation Theory-two Factor
Theory,2018

maximum potential.
Theory X and Theory Y
This theory X and Theory Y of human motivation shows the two aspects of the human
behaviour. Change in nature of individual are seen. There are two different views in the
individual positive and negative aspect. Theory X explains that the worker does not like the work
and is willing to leave. This aspect explains that if the worker does not works efficiently they
must be forced to achieve the task. A dictator style must be adopted to meet the goals of the
organization.
Theory Y explains that worker is satisfied with the job and is enjoying his task. They apply their
inherit manner to achieve the task. They do not requires threatening and close monitoring. They
have self desired towards the job and are satisfied with job. Loyalty and commitment can be seen
in their behaviour. Goal objectives are easy to achieve and it is easy to work with this kind of
workers.
Hybrid Theory:
Hybrid Theory states that stimulation of workplace conditions in order to make sure that the
employees works well in order to achieve a business objectives. A combined effect of the
workers and the leader which aims to achieve the business oriented tasks and helping in the work
completion strategy. Motivation by the leaders to help them in work and guides them with the
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Illustration 2: Maslow Hierarchy of
Need Theory
Source:Maslow's Hierarchy of
Needs,2018