Science: Human Evolution - Investigations, Findings, and Implications

This essay examines scientific investigations into human evolution, focusing on the findings of palaeoanthropology and the process of hominization. It discusses the discovery of early hominids, the use of radio carbon dating, and key fossil evidence, including the Turkana Boy. The essay highlights the challenges educators face when teaching human evolution, such as legal, religious, and language barriers, and the lack of clear fossil evidence. The study refers to various sources, including scientific journals and online resources to support the claims. The essay emphasizes the importance of understanding the roots of human existence and the implications of these findings for scholars and students. The essay concludes with a call to explore the scientific investigations that shape our understanding of human evolution.

SCIENCE- HUMAN EVOLUTION

TABLE OF CONTENT
THESIS STATEMENT...................................................................................................................1
Findings.......................................................................................................................................1
Implication of scientific reasoning on coaching scholars on discovery of human and human
evolution......................................................................................................................................1
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................3

THESIS STATEMENT
To assess scientific investigations for determining human evolution and scientific process
involved in it.
Findings
According to Llamas, Willerslev and Orlando, (2017) Homo sapiens is a distinct species of
the great apes (Hominid family). Palaeoanthropology is segment of archaeology which is
focused on human. The study helped scientist in determining early development of hominids and
therefore the process of studying is termed as hominization. Scientist believes in common
ancestor which existed 6 to 8 years ago after which two species broke off that is chimps and
gorillas. However, the fossil record does not give clear view of ancestral line. The study denotes
that early hominids left no downhill and died. There is no clear view of number of Hominid
species because new fossils are revealed every period (Bruner and et.al., 2017). Radio carbon
dating is the process used by scientist for determining how old human are, because this method
helps in analysing age of object which contains organic material.
The evidence of fossils was found by 3.5 million years ago whereas earliest humans were
found in Africa. The dead and decomposed remains of early hominids were found of creatures
who used to live 2 to 6 million years ago. The oldest fossil of Homo Sapiens dated by scientist’s
is with skeletal features of modern humans. Barss, 2018, reflected on overall perspective of
human evolution where scientists believe that Earth is 4.55 billion years old where the oldest
fossils which was found is 3.5 billion years ago. With the help of which scholars discovered that
life begun 4 billion years ago.
Pickrell, 2006, outlined one significant example of human evolution Turkana boy, who
was a teenager who died in Kenya over 1.6 million years ago. Consequently, the fossil was
momentous as it was in shape of human pelvis. On the basis of earliest remains, it is evaluated
that anatomically modern humans are 200,000 years old and belongs to Middle Paleolithic. After
this discovery fossil in Southern Europe and Israel from Es Skhul cave were encountered. These
remains were 90000 million years ago but reflected existence of Homo sapiens.
Implication of scientific reasoning on coaching scholars on discovery of human and human
evolution
Scientific reasoning while to teaching human evolution to students which helps learners in
analysing roots of their existence. The three major issues faced educators by teaching evolution
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of human are, legal, religious and language (To, Tenenbaum and Hogh 2017). As per the history
and process of evolution there is no specific fact which states clear presence of fossil and
existence of humans. Further, there is no significant proof of existence which can help educators
in providing clear learning over human evolution. Moreover, religious concerns are another issue
which limits teaching because the existence and evolution clearly reflect the different between
people of two countries which can encourage discrimination, racism etc., Therefore, teaching
human evolution is restricted in many regions (Bruner and et.al., 2017).
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Bruner, E., Preuss, T. M., Chen, X., & Rilling, J. K. (2017). Evidence for expansion of the
precuneus in human evolution. Brain Structure and Function. 222(2). 1053-1060.
Llamas, B., Willerslev, E., & Orlando, L. (2017). Human evolution: a tale from ancient genomes.
Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B. 372(1713). 20150484.
To, C., Tenenbaum, H. R., & Hogh, H. (2017). Secondary school students’ reasoning about
evolution. Journal of Research in Science Teaching. 54(2). 247-273.
Online
Barss, K. (2018). Human Evolution. [Online]. Available through: <
https://www.infoplease.com/science-health/life-science/human-evolution>.
Pickrell, J. (2006). Introduction: Human Evolution. <
https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn9990-introduction-human-evolution/>.
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