A Comprehensive Comparison of the HPT, ADDIE, and Gagne's Models

This report provides a comprehensive comparison between the HPT (Human Performance Technology) model, the ADDIE model, and Gagne's model, focusing on their applications in performance improvement and instructional design. The introduction highlights the purpose of the comparison, which is to analyze performance gaps and align the HPT model with these gaps. The report delves into the core principles and steps of each model, including the ADDIE model's phases (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) and Gagne's nine-step process for instructional design. Furthermore, the report contrasts the HPT model with both ADDIE and Gagne's models, outlining their unique strengths and weaknesses. The conclusion emphasizes the impact of these instructional design tools and models on assessing performance and influencing educational programs and training. The report also includes references to relevant academic sources.

COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE HPT
MODEL AGAINST THE ADDIE MODEL
AND GAGNE'S MODEL

INTRODUCTION
 Purpose- comparing gap analysis models
 Aligning HPT with performance gap
 Comparison between HPT, ADDIE and
Gagne

ABOUT HUMAN PERFORMANCE
 Human abilities and limitations
 Impact over efficiency and safety
 Accomplishing allotted tasks
 Evaluation based on set standards
 Efficiency, effectiveness, accuracy and completeness
(Parasuraman & Mouloua, 2018)

PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT
 Measuring output for assessing performance (Chow &
Moseley, 2017)
 Aims at renewing procedures
 Incorporates efficiency and effectiveness
 Development of skills and process

HPT MODEL - ABOUT
 Systematic approach for improving performance
 Involves procedures and methods
 Influences accomplishments and human
behavior (Kirpatrick, 2017)
 Identifies performance gaps
 Intervenes for sustaining performance

HPT MODEL- PRINCIPLES
 HPT model emphasizes on result
 HPT model considers systems view (Garcia, 2019)
 HPT model incorporates values
 HPT model implements partnerships

ADDIE MODEL- ABOUT
 ADDIE is an instrumental design model
 Application in training and educational
programs (Cheung, 2016)
 Stands for Analysis, Design,
Development, Implementation and
Evaluation

ADDIE- PHASES
 Analysis- Identifying performance gap
 Design- Identifying learning objectives
 Development- Identifying solution for gap
 Implementation- Delivering performance solution
 Evaluation- Evaluating results aligned to
performance objectives (Budoya, Kissaka & Mtebe,
2019)

GAGNE’S MODEL- ABOUT
 Instructional design
 Information processing model for mental
events
 In presence of various stimuli (Lo & Hsieh,
2020)
 Nine-step process

GANGNE’S MODEL- NINE-LEVEL
 Level 1: Reception
 Level 2: Expectancy
 Level 3: Retrieval
 Level 4: Selective Perception
 Level 5: Semantic Encoding
 Level 6: Responding
 Level 7: Reinforcement
 Level 8: Retrieval
 Level 9: Generalization

GANGNE’S MODEL- NINE-LEVEL
(Source: Reddy, 2020)

HPT MODEL- REVIEWING STEPS
 Performance Analysis
 Individual traits
 Desired performance
 Gap Analysis
 Actual state
 Internal environment
 Cause Analysis
 Intervention Selection, Design and Development
 Implementation of change
 Lack of support/change management/performance support deficiency
 Evaluation
 Formative
 Summative
 Confirmative
 Overall Evaluation validation