Project Based Learning: Developing Mastery Academic Dissertation

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PROJECT BASED LEARNING–DEVELOPING MASTERY ACADEMIC
DISSERTATION
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Table of Contents
Acknowledgement..........................................................................................................................3
Abstract..........................................................................................................................................4
Introduction....................................................................................................................................5
Literature review...........................................................................................................................6
Research Question.........................................................................................................................9
Methodology.................................................................................................................................10
Implementation............................................................................................................................14
Finding and analysis....................................................................................................................18
Discussion.....................................................................................................................................21
Conclusion and implication........................................................................................................24
References.....................................................................................................................................25
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Acknowledgement
Throughout the research work, I have gained suitable and elaborated knowledge with respect to
the understanding of the relationship between the human resource and the varied other
departments that are working within organization. For such purpose, I would like to thank the
varied key parties that are associated with the business concerns that involves the CEO, the
financial officer, the senior manager, the assistant coordinator, customer service, the apprentice
and the HR professional who elaborates their immense contribution in providing their views and
opinions with respect to the subject matter. With this I was able to make suitable and effective
decision with respect to my current and forthcoming activities related to the grasping of the
information related to the importance of the integration of the human resource and the varied
other departments. Further provided, I would also like to thank the overall research team engaged
in the conduct of the research so as to evaluate better and enhanced understanding. After the
collection of the data, I analyzed series of the difficulties associated in the evaluation. For the
purpose, I would like to thank research analyst who effectively handle the data collected and
assist in the providing of the suitable information. In the overall research I would like to thank
the overall parties associated with the research in providing suitable recommendations and
suggestion that can lead to the better command and supervision.
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Abstract
The research work has been conducted to elaborate and enrich an in-depth understanding on the
aspects of the human resource and its integration with the other departments. Further provided,
the research work addresses on the collection of the suitable information in relation to the subject
matter from the key parties associated with the business concerns. In addition, the report work
highlights on the views and opinions of the varied authors with respect to the integration of
human resource with the other operating departments so as to enable better decision making. The
assessment work has addressed on the fact that with the fact that with the suitable integration of
the concerned subject matter the company concern can attain better added value leading to better
decision making. The research has assisted on the series of the aspects and point of significance
that can be gained by the authority concern with the proper focus on the integration of the human
resource and its relation with the other departments. With the aid of the research work it has been
discovered that the authority concern of the company must ensure suitable measures and policies
for the better integration such that suitable command and supervison can be attained. Further
provided the overall report work has addressed on the suitable and adequate recommendations
that can be used by the management concerns for better work operations leading to the effective
attainment of the objectives.
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Introduction
In this report, an attempt has been made to understand the relationship that normally exists
between human resource department and other departments within a business enterprise or
organization (Rafiei & Davari, 2015). Several points have been duly considered at appropriate
places of the given report. Besides, light has been thrown on how such relationships add value to
the overall organization. As such, going through the report will help to gain a complete
knowledge of the extent and nature of relationship between the human resource department and
other departments of the business organization. There are various ways in which the relationship
between these variables can be established and therefrom useful interpretation can be drawn
there from. In addition to elaborate a greater understanding and knowledge suitable information
was grasped with respect to the subject matter from the varied parties associated with the work
operations of the Nike (Rafiei & Davari, 2015). The key parties whose views and opinions were
attained in the report work include the CEO, the financial officer, the senior manager, account
coordinator, customer services and the apprentice. With the aid of the report views and opinions
of varied authors and the other researchers were also attained. This assist in the gaining of the
theoretical and practical aspects with respect to the integration of the human resource with the
other departments. This in turn will also assist in the better decision making in respect toil all the
matters leading to the attainment of the objectives in the desired time frame. Apart from that, the
assessment report addresses on the various methods of data collection that can be used by the
researcher along with the suitable approaches that can be adopted by the researcher person
engaged in the process of research in the work operation of Nike. The overall research report
explores varied sets of the areas that can best assist in the identification of the opportunities and
the areas of threats so that suitable command and supervision can be attained. Further provided,
the report work highlights on the suitable recommendations and suggestions that can be adopted
by the management concern of Nike in order to attain the objectives that are associated with the
work operations and the research work (Karasek, 2015).
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Literature review
Human resource management (HRM), has a major influence in modern-day companies (Rafiei
and Davari, 2015), This research paper is focused on the ways HRM interacts with other
departments to ensure organisational success. In this paper, primary research has been
conducted on the effect of human resource management skills development within various
departments of companies.
Oriordan, (2017), states that strategic HRM supports in the development of employees and
attainment of organisational objectives. This review is focused on the evolution of HRM and the
relevancy of new concepts for HR management practices.
HRM factors are considered by multinational companies during the mergers and acquisitions
stage (Rodríguez-Sánchez, et. al. 2018). It is significant to consider these factors during this
stage for the better implementation of HRM practices that the newly formed concern will adhere
to. According to Byremo, (2015), HRM practices and functions positively support in improving
organisational performance. It is essential to keep the employee’s attitudes and behaviour
positive and it has been identified that the organisation perform better through efficient human
resource departments.
As stated by Schuler and Jackson (2014), HRM contains huge relevance with organisational
effectiveness and the Multiple Stakeholders’ Model has developed opportunities to demonstrate
these skills and effects within an organisation. Information technology is significant for modern-
day organisations (Karasek, 2015), IT’s significance has increased due to the needs of
management. It is also effective for developing employees and engaging them in their work. Put
Diagram in Appendix.
According to Richman, (2015), HRM emerged in the USA as a result of the industrial revolution.
Due to the emergence and evolution of industry, the functions and processes of HRM have
grown in significance. The use of IT has become indispensable and required in HR management
practices (Stone, et. al. 2015), It is essential for HR managers to use IT which can help to make
better changes in the performance of a company. Therefore, it can be established that IT makes a
huge contribution to HRM practices.
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Technological changes influence the HRM practices of organisations and the challenges and
opportunities which take place in this evolutionary stage (Stone, et. al. (2015). According to
Ulrich and Dulebohn, (2015), HR management has been transformed in recent times and it is
essential for companies which are working in the international markets to make changes in their
working practices according to the evolution in the sector. Different countries may have different
rules and it is essential for the ‘branches ‘, of companies operating in various countries to study
and adhere to the laws of the land,
HR management and leadership work on common goals which develop common responsibilities
between the leadership and HR management in a company (Leroy, et. al. 2018). According to
Friesike, et. al. (2018), product designs, additive manufacturing product designs and additive
manufacturing both have huge potential and it is vital to adapt current product designs and
technological processes of working. As stated by Nguyen and Kim, (2018), it is significant for
HR management and operational managers to consider quality management practices which can
lead to more efficiency and effectiveness in a company’s business processes.
Managing quality and productivity depends on HR management and adopted operations
management practices (Vinojini and Arulrajah, 2017). It is essential for companies to ensure
proper coordination and combinations in HR management practices. The workplace is managed
by HR practices which are essential to a firm's characteristics. Positive HR functions and
practices contribute to an organisation’s performance and individual productivity (Bryson and
Forth, 2018).
The resource-based theory has grown in relevance for companies working in the manufacturing
industry (Hitt, et. al. 2016). This theory is effective to study and understand issues in operations
management. Unsustainable behaviours and consumer responsibility attributions have developed
the need to implement operations management in organisations (Hartmann and Moeller, 2014). It
is important to manage operations by providing effective training programs. According to Anand
and Gray (2017), the maximisation of understanding organisational procedures helps operations
management to implement strategies in each department of the company.
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Report resource-based views in operations management justify that this view is not effective to
align both objectives and operations management but is used to manage competitive advantages
in organisations (Bromiley and Rau, 2016). According to Thomé, (2016), operations
management has become significant due to the enhanced need for higher production and
elimination of resource wastage. The use of sustainable practices is effective for companies to
manage their supply chains (Levering and Vos, 2019). Management in the supply chain contains
equal significance for public and private organisations. It is essential for companies to use
sustainable practices for enhancing the productivity and attainment of their objectives.
High-performance practices are effectively generated by the universalistic theory (Syed and
Jamal, 2012). This theory contains a strong relevance with organisational performance and is
effective to apply in any organisation by using environment, heterogeneity, and the cultures of
the employees. It has been identified that the universalistic theory supports the enhancement and
performance of companies who recognise and consider their employee’s behaviours and cultures.
It is essential for HRM to recognise employees’ mindsets by studying these needs. Research of
heterogeneity enhances better recruitment selections, technical press and even the advantages
and disadvantages of performance related pay.
Operation management is the ‘engine ‘of an organisation (Battistoni, et. al. 2013). Research
conducted on Italian SME’s using research methods has helped to identify the relevance of
operations management with organisational performance. The author has conducted primary
survey research which has helped to gather relevant information and to implement realistic data
from the targeted audience. It is identified through this research paper that organisational
performance increases day by day by focusing on the operations management of these concerns.
Operation management, production, supply chains, and performance are positively related to
each other and this positive relationship is vital for a concern to grow and prosper.
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Research Question
To elaborate greater understanding following research questions were taken into consideration so
as to enhance better and elaborated information. Some of the questions in this regard majorly and
predominantly include:
Question 1: Are you of the belief that the integration of the human resource with other
departments will assist in the creation of better value?
Question 2: Are you of the estimation that suitable and effective strategies must be formulated
by the authority concern in order to have suitable command?
Question 3: Are you of the estimation that integration of the human resource with other
departments will assist in the attainment of better performance?
Question 4: Are you of the view that the integration of the human resource with other
departments requires participation of the top level authorities?
Question 5: Do you think that there must be active participation of the workforce so as to ensure
better command on the subject matter?
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Methodology
The aim of this research is to determine the methods, approaches, data collection .data analysis
and strategy used to analyze the data. Human resource management plays a significant role in
coordinating with its other departments. In this research the study about human resource
management and other departments of Nike
Research philosophy
In this research, there are two main research philosophies which are epistemology and ontology.
In epistemology is concerned with the knowledge about a particular thing, its scope, and its
possibilities while ontology is concerned with the identification of things which truly exist. In
ontology, researcher recognizes the certainty of a thing and its existence whereas in
epistemology researcher frames their research work to discover the knowledge gained from that
task.
Epistemology
It is a study of origin; nature and limit of knowledge .it consist of the knowledge which is
required for the research like about sources and structure. It is a study to differentiate between
what is required and what is not required for research. It is opposite to ontology as it concerned
about knowledge of its possibilities and scope. There are different types of knowledge like:
 Empirical knowledge
 Logical knowledge
 Authoritarian knowledge
 Intuitive knowledge
Research approaches
It is important to determine the approaches of research as it is necessary for the development of
research in an efficient and proper manner. These approaches are used for proper planning of
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procedure if any required in the research and for generating outcomes and findings according to
the aim of the research. There are two steps involved in this. The first step is the collection of
data and the second step is its reasoning. There are two approaches to research:
An inductive research approach is an approach in which question and answers are presented. In
this approach collection of data is done then its analysis is done and finally, a theory is developed
in this approach.
A deductive research approach is an approach in which the researcher moves from a general
level to a specific level. In this researchers study what has been done earlier and reading their
theories to study the current research and to prove that one theory is right from a different set of
theories. It is extremely effective in choosing and refusal of one theory from other theories.
(Source: By author)
Research type
There are two types of research which primary research and secondary research. This research
type will help in determining the sources which are required to make research.
 Primary research: This research focuses on using first-hand information and searching for new
data which will help in developing effective results. It will help in gathering information and
topic of the research which is chosen by the researcher. It is time-consuming processes as
researcher gathers all the information and data primarily from the source. It cost high due to the
gathering of information first hand or directly. The organization conducts primary research to
know the actual reason for the survey. Methods used in primary research are like online survey,
face to face interviews, focus groups, observations from all the above mentions methods.
Advantages of primary research are like data collected is accurate and first hand. They focus on
the issues which organization is currently facing by in-depth knowledge of the research work.
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Theorize (general
level)
Data analysis
Theories supported or
not(specific level)

They also help in the proper usage of collected data. The results are more accurate as compared
to others. Each and every research is done with an aim to find out most correct and truthful
information
 Secondary research is a method used to collect data from other sources. Existing data is used, to
sum up, the research. It is more cost effective as compared to primary research. It is a less time-
consuming process as data is taken from existing information available.
Research design
It is a way of designing the research work by making a plan of questions and answer related to
the topic of research. In this specification of methods used by the researcher for data collection
needs to be mentioned there are two methods used for data designing
Qualitative research emphasis on the method of data collection .it does not give importance to
analytical techniques which are used for interpretation of collected data. The inductive approach
mainly uses detail concerning secondary data. This starts with the selection of the area to build a
theory related to it. This includes secondary data summary, the formation of a plan on the
purpose of research and outcome of research and developing a theory based experience.
Quantitative research gives importance to make use of statistical analysis. In this data is
presented in numerical form. It helps in more accuracy of results as compared to qualitative
research. In this questionnaires are made methods of correlations are used.
Research strategy
It is a step by step preparation of actions plans which directs researcher thoughts and efforts. The
aim of the research strategy is to get the answer of question which is made in the questionnaire .it
provides a direction to the research work in choosing an appropriate methodology for collection
and analysis of data. There are different types of research study like applied, critical, exploratory,
fundamental and predictive.
Data collection methods
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