Human Resource Management Report - HRM Practices at Unilever

This report examines the Human Resource Management (HRM) practices of Unilever, a multinational consumer goods company. The report begins with an introduction to HRM, defining its purpose and functions, including workforce planning and resourcing. It then delves into the managerial and operative functions of HRM, such as planning, organizing, staffing, directing, controlling, employment, development, compensation, integration, and motivation. The report also explores the strengths and weaknesses of internal and external recruitment methods, as well as the selection process. Furthermore, it discusses the benefits of various HRM practices for both employers and employees, and how these practices impact organizational profit and productivity. The report also covers the importance of employee relations, key elements of employment legislation, and the application of HRM practices in the workplace. The analysis includes the exploration of managerial functions, operative functions, recruitment, and selection processes, employee relations, and employment legislation, concluding with an overview of HRM practices within Unilever.

Human Resource Management

Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 purpose and the functions of HRM, applicable to workforce planning and resourcing........1
M1 HR functions to fulfil business objectives............................................................................6
M2: The strengths and weaknesses approaches to recruitment and selection.............................6
D1 the strengths and weaknesses of approaches to recruitment and selection...........................6
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
P3 Benefits of different HRM practices within an organization for both employer and
employee.....................................................................................................................................6
P4 different HRM practices in terms of raising organisational profit and productivity............8
M3:Different Methods used in HRM Practices.........................................................................9
D2 the HRM practices and their application...............................................................................9
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................9
P5: The importance of employee relations in respect to influencing HRM decision- making.. .9
P6 key elements of employment legislation and the impact it has upon HRM decision-
making.......................................................................................................................................11
M4 Key aspects of employee relation management and employment legislation....................11
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................12
P7 the application of HRM practices in a work........................................................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15

Introduction
Human resource management refers to the process which include staffing, recruiting,
providing trainings and compensation, tracking improvement in existing workforce and
developing strategies to to retain the employees in the organisation. Human resource
management involves developing and carry out programs that are designed to increase the
effectiveness of an organization (Noe And et. al., 2017). Which include all related activities of
the HR of the company such as; talent acquisition,creating, maintain compliance with federal
include states , government, laws and regulation, managing the pay system, enforcing policies of
the company and nurture the employer-employee relationship etc. in order to maintain proper
code and conduct in the organisation. A human resourcing manager conducts all the activities as
mentioned; he/she direct all the routine functions in HR department. Keep tracking the employee
performance at every level and according to the level of performance HR decide the reward or
recognition of the employees. For the report purpose the chosen company is Unilever, a British
multinational company. The company's headquarter located in London, UK and company deals
with Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG). The company focuses on integrity, responsibility,
respect and pioneering for all of its stakeholders and for the growth of the company. Company
have provided positive impact through its products, promotions, campaigns and in various way
made an engaging relationship with its stakeholders.
TASK 1
P1 purpose and the functions of HRM, applicable to workforce planning and resourcing.
The main purpose of HR in human resource department is to fulfil various needs of their
employees and organisation in a whole. Which include all financial matters to legal matters
comply to maintain a harmonising relationship employees with organisation. The main objective
behind this is to maximizing the efficiency and productivity of the Organization.
The function of a HRM are mainly divide into two functions, i.e. Managerial functions and
Operative function. Under these two main function there are other sub functions are performed
which together make the decisions of HR manager effective in the organisation (DeCenzo,
Robbins and Verhulst, 2016). The effectiveness of HRM can be realise with these functions of
HR which are describe are as follows:
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Managerial Functions: under this the HR of the organisation maintain the overall function
starting from very basic and fundamental managerial functions are performed which include;
Planning, Organising, Staffing, Directing and Controlling of the people of the Unilever.
Planning: With this basic function the main objective of the HRM is to thinking or outline the
objectives and how these can fulfilled with right candidate therefore HR manager are well aware
of everything related with human resource (Bratton and Gold, 2017). Without proper planning
results can lead to failure and can effect the overall system in the organisation. Therefore it is
imperative for HR Mangers to be aware of right time to do things, when things should be done
and when things should be avoid in order to achieve goals and objectives for the organization.
Organising: HR managers need to be well aware of organizing everything related to human
resource and organizing the whole process of making and arranging everything in the proper
manner in order to avoid any conflicts while conducting successful business operations.
Staffing: Staffing is one of the major functions of human resource management as staffing is the
process of hiring right candidate and providing suitable training, development sessions and put
them on the right job with salary as per their their satisfactory performance.
Directing: Directing refers to knowledge, discipline and formal way of communication with
others such as; expecting from employees, what they can do for the organization. If a HR
manager have no capability of directing then he / she can't be termed as full-fledged HR
manager of the organisation. If HR manager have right directing capabilities then it gives clarity
of performance for employees what they are expected to perform,what are the duties, removes
confusion in employees.
Controlling: The HR managers have the knowledge of controlling all HR related matters, as
they are in responsible to think and decide for the organisation what should be done and what
should be avoid etc. while dealing with employees.
Operative Functions of HRM: Under this function there are several sub- tasks or duties or
functions are performed, which company put in charge to the human resource or personnel
department. This include; employment, development, compensation, integration, motivation and
maintenance of personnel of the organization (Armstrong and Taylor, 2020).
Employment. Here the key task of HR manager is to estimate the manpower requirement of the
company therefore he need to do job analysis. In job analysis a systematic approach of collecting
data and information regarding the job specification and then job description are provide. With
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this function, the HR gets the right number of candidates and put them on the right job to fulfil
the objectives of the organization. Which involve recruitment, selection, placement, induction or
orientation etc. of the human resource management.
Development: Since world is changing at fast pace and so the knowledge and advancement in
individual. Therefore it become a mandatory for company and company's HR manager to
develop skills among employees to keep them up to date as per the need of the organisation
(Marchington and et. al., 2016). It is not possible for company to hire fresh talents all the time as
per the changing needs and environment because this can lead to distraction from business main
objectives. Therefore it necessary to provide proper development program to existing employees
of the organisation to enhance or upgrade their skills so they can perform in effective way and be
able to meet the changing need of the organisation.
Compensation: The HR manager consider the fact of equitable compensation is to be provide.
Same Compensation:level and quality of work for different employees are considered according
to their performance. This function of HR focuses on the determination of adequate and
equitable remuneration for the employees of the company.
Integration: In this process of HR management is to deal with managing integration among
employees are deal. In company manager have to deal with more than one employee so therefore
it is very important for HR manager to maintain integration with them. Maintaining proper
employees relationships is the core activity of Human Resource Management so as to avoid any
organisational dispute.
Motivation/ Maintenance: Motivation refers here to motivate employees by different HR
managerial methods. People generally work to a certain level of efficiency. To fulfil his/her
financial, mental and psychological needs. After that, people need motivation to keep up with
good pace of work and also to achieve higher satisfactory level of work with some new
incentive. This is how the concept of motivation arise (Chelladurai and Kerwin, 2018). The
function boldly states that the HR manager should motivate the employees with both financial
and non-financial incentives.
P2 Strengths and weaknesses of different approaches to recruitment and selection.
Mainly there are two types of recruitment process; Internal Recruitment and External
recruitment process.
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Internal Recruitment: It is the process of recruitment where company hire people within the
organisation (Aswathappa, 2013). Internal sources are primarily have three types- Transfer,
Promotion and Re- employment.
◦ Transfer: In this type of recruitment process an internal employee get transfer within
the organisation, maybe from one branch top other branch of the company or one
place to other place of the company.
◦ Promotion: In promotion employee of the organisation get promoted from one
position to the another higher position within the organisation.
◦ Re- employment: In this process ex-employees is one of the internal sources get re-
hired for the vacant position of the company.
Advantages of Internal Source of Recruitment:
 In this method company's hire process take less time.
 Saves money as people are hire from within the company.
 Helps in increasing employment engagement.
Disadvantages of Internal source of Recruitment:
 Sometimes this method create conflicts among employees.
 Limited people results in less innovation.
 Also results in inflexible work culture within the organisation.
External Recruitment: In this process company hire people outside of company. In external
sources of recruitment company use the following sources- advertisements, employment
agencies, educational institutes, labour contractors, recommendations etc.
◦ Advertisements: In this process company invite applicants through different
advertisement sources. One of the important advantage of advertisement is that it
covers a wide area of market and applicants also get relevant information from
advertisements (Mathis, Jackson and Valentine, 2015). Usually Newspapers and
Television modes are most usable source.
◦ Employment Agencies: In this method company uses agencies who are specialise in
manpower supply and deals with recruitment process on paid basis for company.
◦ Educational Institutes: In this kind of recruitment educational institutions, also known
as Campus Recruitment (Budhwar and Debrah, 2013). In This method special
recruitment cells which providing jobs to fresh candidates for company.
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Advantages of External Source of Recruitment:
 In this method company allow fresh talents in the company.
 Company offer better and fair competition within the company.
 Create less internal politics.
Disadvantages of External Source of Recruitment:
 The method involve huge cost.
 Whole process consume lot of time for right talent.
 May arise internal disputes among existing employees.
Selection Process: It is the process where Unilever HR choose the most suitable candidates from
those who have applied for the job. It is a process of job offering to desired candidates. The
process of selection follows a series of steps, one after another. These are as follows:
 Initial Screening: The selection procedure begins with screening of the candidate.
Where some straightforward questions are asked by the the recruiter. If any candidate is
unable to answer are disqualify for further process (Kramar, 2014). With this process
company reduce the pool of applications. This maybe done through telephone, online
tests or video calling etc.
 Employment Tests: After Screening process, next candidates have to give tests which
involve mental abilities, knowledge, physical abilities, personality, interest, temperament,
and other attitudes and behaviours of the candidates. If candidates pass then company
proceed with next step of the process.
 Job Interview: In the step an interview is conducted as one to one. The employment
interview is especially significant because the applicants who reach this stage are
considered to be the most promising candidates. In this process interviewer and applicant
exchange information.
 Job Offer: This consider as the last stage of the whole process. Individuals who perform
successfully in the preceding steps are considered and eligible to receive the employment
offer from the company (Storey, 2014). The final decision of the hiring process of new
candidates is taken by the manager of the department of company and lastly job offer is
made on behalf of the company.
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M1 HR functions to fulfil business objectives
From the above description of HR function it is clear that main focus of HR is to fulfil business
objectives by employing right people for right job. Providing competitive remuneration, proper
training and development opportunities to individual to perform their best in the organisation.
M2: The strengths and weaknesses approaches to recruitment and selection.
From above strengthen and weaknesses of recruitment methods and selection procedure it
is clear that, HR manager play a significant role in deciding up to what degree which method of
recruitment can successful up to how much extent (Jiang and et. al., 2012). The HR manage all
the data regarding whole process of recruiting to sleeting appropriate candidate therefore it
becomes necessary for HR to properly run the background of candidates, cross-check references
if given and evaluate them as per the need of the company. In this way the whole process of
recruitment can be successful.
D1 the strengths and weaknesses of approaches to recruitment and selection.
According the above discussion about the recruiting and selection, it is clears that HR can
chose any of the methods i.e. internal or external sources to hire employees for their organisation
as per the preferences. The HR can evaluate which option will prove successful while recruiting
and selecting personnel for the organisation to be successful in fulfilment of organisational
objectives.
TASK 2
P3 Benefits of different HRM practices within an organization for both employer and employee
HRM practices play a very important role in the Organization as it aids them to
strengthen themselves and get ahead of their Competitors (Berman And et. al., 2019). These
practices are distinct and are highly dependent on the nature of the Business. It is aimed in
creating and building their capabilities by ensuring they are able to enhance both their
employee's as well as employers satisfaction. It ultimately results in improving their offering and
thereby maximizing customer's satisfaction. The benefits for both the employers as well as
employees of Unilever is elaborated below:
Benefits for Employers:
 Organization Culture: It comprises of various task including the company's vision,
different beliefs , traditions and list of standard rules that are mandatorily required to be
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followed by the employees. It aids Unilever to know the right direction and improve their
efficiency (Jackson, Schuler and Jiang, 2014). At the same time, it should be somewhat
be flexible to provide them the freedom they need in order to do their task willingly.
 Planning for Change: In today's time, technologies are evolving and changing rapidly.
HR department of the Company with the help of their team, carefully managing and
monitoring that their performance enhances by planning as well as creating powerful
strategies.
 Training and Development; It is important for the employee's to provide adequate
training and development. As their staff will understand as well as adopt as per their
policies and procedure, they will be at par with their colleagues. This in turn helps the
employee's add unique ideas by utilizing latest technology and enhance their brand
image.
Benefit for employees:
 Recruitment and Training: It is an important task, that is done by HR. They ensure
they are introduced and get a appropriate understanding of their work ethics. It helps the
candidate at the time of recruiting by value based interview. Along with this, once the
right talent is hired, they ensured that are provided intensive training, mentoring and
project wherever required. This strengthen their capabilities and improves their
efficiency.
 Interpersonal issues: HRM practices mitigate the conflicts that arises in the
Organization. This issue aids employees in resolving their conflict, which comprises of
poor attitude, unprofessional language or any other disrespectful treatment faced by
them.
 Right to Information: If the employee's supervisors cannot provide them the
information they are seeking then HR department address their question that can include
payroll and employee benefits (Nickson, 2013). They ensures that each of their
employer's are at par and are satisfied with their query and even providing flexibility
without hampering their work.
 Job Security: The Company ensures that their recruited talent feels safe and secured.
The security is just not limited to to their permanent position, they even see to it that
continue to provide them minimum wages and salary as per the set standards (Renwick,
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Redman and Maguire, 2013). Along with this, they even see to it ,that they are able to
satisfy them as well as their family that is must for a healthy living and should even
include benefits that to provide them medical claim, life insurance,etc.
P4 different HRM practices in terms of raising organisational profit and productivity.
In HRM there are variety of practices are followed. It is the HR manager who decide
which are the best suitable for the organisation among various practices and which have the
capacity to fulfil the organisational goals and make them successful. Some of the famous HRM
practices are discussed below that followed by Unilever: Providing Securities to Employees: The company's foremost priority is their employee
security. In a life of unpredictability it is important that security factor of employees
should be above all. Employment security also benefit organization because it helps
company to retain employees. On the contrary it can be costly also if the organization
doesn’t work on retaining its employees then they are likely to leave the company. Providing Favourable Working Condition: Company have provided comfortable, and
favourable work place to its employees. Providing employees with all necessary
commodities in the office can increase working productivity. The working atmosphere
play significant impact on working of the employees. Therefore its very important to
provide pleasant atmosphere to worker so that they can spend their working hours
happily. Performance Based Compensation: Compensation and benefits are one of the
inseparable part of HR practices as the workers sometimes deserve more than just salary.
These people work beyond for company than just salary. They do their assigned task in
way that make visible effects on company's name (Morgeson, Brannick and Levine,
2019). So company must retain such employees and timely recognising them create value
and also motivate other workers as well.
 Hiring Right People: One of the other best practice of HR is selective hiring. Here
company avoid unnecessary hire in the company which create only follower of
instruction rather add any innovation. Through selective hiring company hire most
suitable candidates who can contribute to the value of the organisation. Therefore
bringing right candidate lead to build competitive advantage.
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M3:Different Methods used in HRM Practices.
There different method that are practice by HRM of Unilever to improve their
productivity and has ultimately aided them to be successful in a long run. Strategic planning
help them to prepare strategies (Alfes and et. al., 2013). Thereby, it has helped in assessing and
improving the performance. Recruitment and selection is one of their major task to analyse the
skills, experience as per their criteria of their probable employee's and hire the right talent which
is most appropriate and suitable for their work. They employ Training& development by
ensuring that they follow fair trade practices and it results in employee's growth. Another one of
their major task involves creating healthy relationship among their task force for enhancing
their performance.
D2 the HRM practices and their application
From the above HRM practices by HR is helpful in retain its employees, improve
productivity, build trust among employees as these methods have proven benefits in Unilever.
The employees of the company feel more than just a employee. The company ensure all growth,
safety, opportunities etc. to its employees.
TASK 3
P5: The importance of employee relations in respect to influencing HRM decision- making.
Employee relations can basically be defined as a term that describes the relationship that
exists between employer and their employees. As employee's are an Organization's valuable
assets, it is a must for them to be secured ,safe working conditions,be engagement,performance
based incentives and rewards for enhancing their productivity. It's importance can be further to
explained to get a better understanding in respect to HRM decision making.
 Employee engagement: It has direct relation with employee's satisfaction level. The
lower satisfaction level results in poor engagement (Brewster and Hegewisch, 2017). As
stated by the US employee's, 65% of the job is impacted as a result of poor employee
engagement, while 45% of them are of the viewpoint that employer's doesn't
communicate with them effectively. Employee's Productivity: The Company follows a very well structured approach and a
result enjoys higher productivity, revenues and profits. Furthermore, the organized to
9

keep their employee's engaged witness 2.3 time more growth on an average of revenue of
three years than the once who are less engaged.
 Employee's retention: One of the most biggest problem faced by Unilever is the
employee's higher turnover. They incur significant cost as the result of higher number of
attrition of their staff (Albrecht And et. al., 2015). Therefore, it is important to keep them
involved as well are aware about all the happening in their company. Otherwise, they
may separate, seek new opportunities. It results in significant cost to the Company.
 Employee's Unity: It is a proven fact, those staff who are stressed and take lot of
unnecessary tensions tends to get diverted and loose their concentration. It has been
witnessed that those who create a healthy relation with their colleagues, share and discuss
their issues and result in automatic reduction in their stress level. Individual spends half
of their day in workplaces. So, it is important for H.R to provide short breaks to them, in
order to relax as well as respect one another, in order to enhance their performance.
 Employee's experience: It is another important criteria or acts as an evidence that the
Organization is engaged in providing a healthy and safe environment at workplaces. For
doing this they have to ensure that enhances the level of Communications among other
departments and ensures that everyone is connects and directed toward achieving their
Objective . While, a poor Communication increasing the feeling on insecurity among
their peer and even result in higher dishonest practices in the Organization.
 Employee's empowerment: It is important for employee's to get empowered. It is very
essential specially for today's youth that their viewpoint are encourage and influences the
Company's decision and in turn their performance.
The importance of the employee's relation has a large influence on HRM's decision
making. It is must for the HR to take their decision by considering the demand of each and
every employee (Wang, Chiang and Tung, 2016). These decisions is majorly taken due to
increase in competition in the industry. They needs to value their employees and keep them
involved and motivated in order to retain them and not loose them to their immediate
competitors. It will ultimately impact the performance and productive of their Organization.
P6 key elements of employment legislation and the impact it has upon HRM decision- making
Every company follows laws and regulations related to working of an organisation in a
specific country. These laws are established in order to secure proper and smooth conducting of
10

business. The laws also provide security to worker or employees of the organisation with some
legal rights so that they can not be part of any misconduct of business or by any inside person of
the company who utilise their power in wrong way (Sani, 2012). Since the Unilever company is
located in UK, therefore company have to follows all the related laws and regulations business of
that country.
Equality Act 2010: This act ensure protection from any kind of discrimination in workplace at
stages of employment. It is the responsibility of employer or company who is in charge to make
sure all laws and legal framework are implied in proper way, mainly the HRM of the company
are in responsibility of such conduct in the organisation in order to protect its employees. The act
also ensure that all the necessary facilities are accessible by every employees in the company.
Unilever have ensure the application of the mentioned law to offer advance opportunities,
eliminate discrimination of any kind and focus on fostering good relationship within the
organisation.
Civil Right Act 1964: Provisions under this act forbade discrimination on the basis of race,
colour, sex, religion etc. on hiring, promotion of individual or firing are made. Therefore the act
ensure equal opportunities to deserving candidates. The HRM of Unilever have mandate all
necessary acts regarding conducting its business smoothly.
The National Minimum wages Act 1998: The act covers workers get minimum wages if
they’re over 25. It doesn't matter how small their position in the organisation, the company have
to pay a minimum wage rate to their employees. Unilever have maintain all the act to secure its
employees fair wage system (Oechsler, 2012). The HRM of the company aim to provide
standard of living, fulfilment of personal objectives in terms of monetary so that their employees
can feel secure in the company. The competitive salary also help organisation to retain their
employees, motivates and thus derive them to work hard for better rewards and salaries.
M4 Key aspects of employee relation management and employment legislation
Employee relationship management is important in successful operation of business. In a
company HRM must employee proper laws and regulations so that employees feel priority in
company, this increase employee participation in every activities of the company. Company must
adhere all the acts regarding employability of individual to secure job life of the employees.
11

TASK 4
P7 the application of HRM practices in a work
One of the primary role of HRM start with staffing or recruiting and after that providing
training and development, defining roles and responsibilities top them, all the compensation,
benefits and rewarding system are carefully sorted by the HR manager (Atteya, 2012). He/ she
responsible for smooth functioning of employees in the organisation, by focusing in the areas
such as; removing conflicts, improving productivity, provide positive environment etc. so that
each employee whether as a team or as an individual can succeed at their assigned roles.
Through example the practices of HRM in work related areas, can be understood such as,
Organisational Culture; by creating core values of the organisation helps organisation to bring
its employee together to achieve common goals. A successful organisation always have its
mission, vision and core value which are clearly stated and the employees within that
organisation are fully aware of them. This create a culture and environment for all and they are
meant to be followed equally no matter what background may an individual have. Thus such
organisational culture unites every employees and integrate their effort at centre of the company.
It is the responsibility of HRM of the organisation to familiarise with these three fundamental
elements of company to them.
Job Specification
 Post: Marketing Executive
 Department: Marketing department
Essential Desirable
 Qualification &
Experience
 Qualified from recognised
university
 Having more that 1 year
experience in marketing.
 Strong communication skills
 Good experience in
direct marketing.
 Skills or
knowledge
 Market knowledge
 MS Office
 Conduct marketing in
effective way.
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 Research skill
The HR manager can ask questions regarding the job mentioned by the company:
 What do you understand by marketing and how marketing help in promotion of product?
 What are the different methods of marketing can be practice in online marketing
campaign?
 What are the advantages of direct marketing over indirect marketing?
 Why should we hire you for this role?
Offer letter
Mr./Ms xyz
Last-Name
Address
City, State Code
Dear Mr./Ms. xyz
Greeting from Unilever!
We are glad to inform you that your performance made remarkable impression on interviewer.
Therefore we have consider you as Unilever's Marketing Executive position. The position offer
you is full time job in which you have to work 40 hour/ week with the salary of $80,000/ year.
It is an employment letter that is offered to you at 15 September 2020 along with this you get
other facilities too.
If it is accepted by you then revert us within 2 days and comes at the joining with all your
original document for documentation and verification.
If you have any problem please feel free to reach us.
Sincerely,
xyz
Manager,
Human-Resources
Unilever
I hereby accept the position of marketing executive, in marketing department position at
Unilever.
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Signature __________________
Date ----------------------
M5: Provide a rationale for the application of specific HRM
It become important for the organisation to follow all the necessary procedure of HRM
while selecting and recruiting candidates for specific functions. The HR of the organisation can
use any of the strategies as per the need and suitability of the company.
D3 Employee relations and the application of HRM practices that inform and influence decision-
making in an organisational context
From the above it is clear that employee relation plays a vital in the productivity of the
organisation. Different HRM practices have its own effects on the employees since each
individual is different and their need and importance are also different from each other (Kehoe
and Wright, 2013). In Unilever employees enjoy good employee relation with each other which
helps them to grow and learn and also become part of the decision-making in the organisation.
HR must carefully realise the need the workers and fulfil them to and them to grow in the
organisation.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it is summarised that HR play a vital role in maintain the
manpower of the organisation. These manpower of any organisation is considered as most
valuable asset in a organisation. Therefore to maintain them, ensure overall growth, increase
motivation helps company to achieve their objectives in efficient way. Different HRM practices
help employees to realise their full potential.
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