Cross-Cultural Management: Case Study of Hydro Generation (HG)

This case study examines cross-cultural management issues within Hydro Generation's (HG) project in Tanzania, focusing on the leadership of Brett Jones. The analysis identifies problems related to organizational culture, leadership approaches, and ethics/corporate social responsibility (CSR). Specifically, Jones's engagement with local tribal rituals, lack of organizational culture promotion, and questionable hiring practices are scrutinized. The report applies Handy's culture model and transformational leadership theories to address these issues, recommending the implementation of role culture, ethical guidelines, and responsible resource utilization. Deontology theory is suggested for ethical decision-making, emphasizing adherence to rules and moral principles. The study concludes with recommendations for HG to enforce company policies, promote ethical conduct, and ensure responsible CSR practices to enhance its reputation and effectiveness in international operations. Desklib offers similar solved assignments for students.

CROSS-CULTURAL
MANAGEMENT

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................3
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................4

INTRODUCTION
The Cross-cultural management is the study in the management subject in the cross-
cultural context. In this the social culture which is used by the managers as well as the cultural
orientation are undertaken in this (Tietze, 2021). The cross-cultural uses to assist the
organization to work with the people who are having different cultural background. In this report
there are different issues are identified from the case study where the Jones is lacking and not
performing its task properly. This report will evaluate the issues related to organizational culture,
leadership and the ethics & CSR topics in the HG. Furthermore, the theories on the issues are
explained that can be used by the company to overcome the issues. Moreover, recommendation
are presented for the company to perform more effective.
MAIN BODY
Organizational culture
The organizational culture is the combination of values, practises and expectation which
uses to guide and help to inform all the actions of the team members (Barmeyer, Bausch and
Moncayo, 2019). With an effective organizational culture the positive traits is being improved
the over all performance. All the aspects are being affected with the business when the culture of
the organization is effective. This show the way to preform and behave with in the organization
it also shared the belief and values that are being established by the leaders. When the culture of
organization is effective then it will help to develop effective vision, mission of the company.
This is only the aspect that is behind every successful company (Wagner-Tsukamoto, 2019).
The following issues are identified fron the above case study related to organizational culture:
 Jones is engaging in the tribal rituals of Tanzanian in wrong way and also organizing the
ceremonies to overcome from the issues. Jones is also becoming the part and investing
the money on this kind activities which are completely not acceptable according to the
HG Policies and organizational culture. When Jones is performing its duties to hire the people in the Tanzanian, he has no
segregation of the organizational culture and the local culture of Tanzanian (Jackson,
2019). He uses to undertake all the activities with the local culture and the organizational
culture is not being promoted by him in any direction.
Handy's culture model

According to the handy's culture model there are basically four culture that an organization can
adopt for better work.
Power: In this culture the main remain with the particular people, and they are only authorities to
take and make any kind of decision in the company (Cordeiro, 2017). They are only the people
who uses to enjoy the privilege of having power. They provide responsibility to the employees
and the employees are liable to follow with others. The higher authorities may be partial
sometimes to lead others.
Task culture: When the organization is developed to reach the target or resolve the issues uses
to follow this type of culture. The common interest people are kept together to build their
knowledge in the respective field so that they can be specialized in their field (Setó-Pamies and
Papaoikonomou 2020).
Person culture: where people who are working for the organization are more important than the
company itself then such they of culture are person culture. In such culture the employee’s
usually coming just to make money and never try to attract with the position they have.
Role culture: In this culture the individual are told their particular role in the organization, and
they have to perform their duties accordingly. The employee’s try their best to perform within
the organization so that best possible outcome can be achieved (Kerrissey and Edmondson,
2020).
Recommendations
For the particular problems in the HG organization related to the organizational culture
company should make their policies into rules that must be followed by each and every
individual. The organizational culture should also carry everywhere when business is expanding
internationally. HG can make use of role culture in which they can provide certain role and
responsibility to each employee, and they will perform their duties accordingly with that. Every
individual is responsible for the task assigned to them and power and work are equal distributed
where no one can misuse their authorities. Culture will also help the employee’s to stay more
motivated and loyal towards the company. HG can develop its company more popular when they
enter into new marketplace.
Leadership

The leadership is the quality of an individual to lead group of people together and inspire
them to follow or become the members (Tran, 2020). The leaders are sometimes more difficult to
make an effective decision which will help in clearing the vision. In this a particular person
influence other to perform their best potential and achieve the targeted goal (Johnson and
Hackman, 2018). An effective leader uses to have a clear and effective vision with different
skills like integrity, humility and focused. With the help of this people can easily reach to its
goals and also hire more effective people then them.
Some leadership related issues that are identified in the case study are:
 Jones is sent by the company with the team to complete the dam project in Tanzanian so
as a leader he should live with the team members. Rather, then this he uses to lives with
the local people available there this is creating different communication barriers. The
people who are come afterwards in this project in Tanzanian were not able to work
properly because of less guidance.
 The practises which are followed by the Jones are not adequate and favourable according
to the HG as he is not working and promoting the organizational culture of the company.
He is using bribe to complete the work of the company in Tanzanian and it is a big unfair
practise.
Transformational leadership style
The transformational leadership is that in which leaders are encouraging and inspiring
group of people to work effectively to innovate and develop the change. This leadership uses to
motivate the employees so that they can take the responsibility and take the required decision in
the respective work. In this the employees are being groomed to find the better solution of the
problems which are take place previously (Prasanna and Haavisto, 2018). A leader who is
following this leadership style can positively develop the follower and encourage them in
creative manner. The company can effectively minimize the turnover cost as the employees are
work in this type of leadership more often and customer are also retained for long. The leaders
can reach the common goal as well as the personal goal of the company. The employees are
highly engaged with this and offer better level of productivity. The leaders with this type of
leadership can easily get the needs of its employees. Further it is also helpful to develop more

passion among the people as employees of the organization uses to look the leader who is
providing information to them and also form-up to them. This leadership is also an effective way
to resolve the problem in most appropriate way and the workers uses to promote the
collaboration (Camacho and Fernandez, 2018Hühn, 2018). The employee’s morale is also got
boost which lead to change the working environment in positive manner. The ethical behaviour
uses to play vital role in every organization and this leadership style also focusses on this
effectively (Hughes And et. al., 2018). This emphasize the employees their needs, morale and
values of all the team members and perform the activities in the right directions.
Recommendations
According to the problems identified in the HG for the leadership the Jones is using when
they have come for DM project in Tanzanian. Jones should use it leadership in right way, he
should stay with team members and provide necessary information that is required by all the
employees of HG when working in Tanzanian. He should also encourage them regularly to
perform effectively in the project so that the project get completed within the particular time
frame. jones should work as per the policies of the company without any misuse of resources and
optimally utilize the resources. When the leader in the team make use of resources effectively
then publicity is also given positive result to the company so that it will attract more effective
candidates to be part of the company. An effective leader will assist others to work more and
efficient as well.
Ethics and CSR
Corporate social responsibility is a form of private business self-regulation which will
focus to contribute societal goals (Mansouri, Singh and Khan, 2018). The purpose of the
corporate social responsibility is to give back to the community in which the organizational
functions are being performed. This is basically to improve the society in different way in this
they donate or contribute the to non-profitable trust to implement environmental friendly policies
in the workplace. The non-profitable organization get help with the volunteers involved in CSR
practises.
The ethics is a set of morale principles and check what will be better for the individual as
well as society and it will also explain the morale philosophy. This help to tell an individual
about the right things out off wrong and provide guidance to the lives.

The following issues related to ethics and corporate social responsibilities are taken from the
case study are:
 HG is a reputed company and Jones is leading the team who is come for the dam project
in Tanzanian. So rather than recruiting the employees according to their talent and skills
Jones is recruiting her niece for the role of customers officers in Tanzanian which is
unethical practise and totally inappropriate in different ways.
 For the work of HG Project in Tanzanian company has provided employees who are their
to complete the task yet Jones is not making use of its available resources and giving
bribe to the local people to complete the task on time. Giving bribe is totally wrong
practise for any kind of business organization and Jones is making use of this which is
not appropriate and reliable practises.
Deontology theory
This is an approach which can use by the organization to work effectively as this suggest
that which actions and activities are good or bad as per the set rules (Crosby and Bryson, 2018).
This is basically concern with the what actual people or employees uses to perform in the
company, not with the consequences of their task. When this theory is being used by the
company then their employees now what are practises they can perform within the organization
and which has to be avoided by them. As per this the action is set to be effective when it
provides some good morale rather than it is more productive. The leaders who are leading the
group people know their limitations and where they have to perform their activities. With the
help of this approach of ethics the work is done with the ethical consideration and no misuse of
resources are take place (Al Khajeh, 2018). The deontology is help for all the employees who are
working in a company and also make them perform better and productivity also get enhanced.
Recommendations
The ethical and corporate social responsibilities are being very important in every
company so Jones have to work in the company keeping in mind ethical practises. The bribe is
absolutely prohibited practise and Jones can not do such practise when he is working for HG
company. They should make use of all the resource more effectively and invest in right place so
that maximum output can be achieved. They should recruit the employees according to the need
of organization and skills and knowledge of the candidates. The right candidate will make
effective utilization of the resource and produce more in limited resources. The family and friend

should be kept aside when an individual is performing its activities for an organization. A leader
should not make use involve in the activities related to the bribe insight of this they should make
use of its employee to perform those task. When the HG will work with the ethical consideration
then company image will also go to improve and society will also promote the organizational
activities of the company.
CONCLUSION
This report concludes that the cross-cultural management is a practise that are used in the
organization to manage the people who have come from the different culture and backgrounds. It
is very difficult to motivate all of them together and make coordinative skill in them so that they
can perform better. There are different issues in the HG organization which are identified in this
report concludes that Jones how is leading the project must perform its task according to the
culture. The organizational culture can affect the productivity of the company and not
performing the activities according to the culture followed by the organization. Jones should also
make use of transformational leadership style which is more suitable in which they can manage
the activities of the company. The leader should present a positive image in front of public so
that more people get attracted towards the company. Further it concludes that the issues related
to CSR practises are vital because HG must follow the ethical practises to perform its task. They
should avoid any ethical practise like bribe-ring is really unofficial and leaders should avoid this
type of activities.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Tietze, S., 2021. Cross-cultural management revisited: A qualitative approach.
Barmeyer, C., Bausch, M. and Moncayo, D., 2019. Cross-cultural management research: Topics,
paradigms, and methods—A journal-based longitudinal analysis between 2001 and
2018. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management. 19(2). pp.218-244.
Jackson, T., 2019. Cross-cultural management: The context is our content.
Cordeiro, C.M., 2017. Using systemic functional linguistic metafunction as a tool in identifying
Agency in organizational change in cross-cultural management contexts. International
Journal of Cross Cultural Management. 17(1). pp.125-135.
Tran, Q.H., 2020. Organisational culture, leadership behaviour and job satisfaction in the
Vietnam context. International Journal of Organizational Analysis.
Prasanna, S.R. and Haavisto, I., 2018. Collaboration in humanitarian supply chains: an
organisational culture framework. International Journal of Production Research. 56(17).
pp.5611-5625.
Mansouri, A.A.A., Singh, S.K. and Khan, M., 2018. Role of organisational culture, leadership
and organisational citizenship behaviour on knowledge management. International Journal
of Knowledge Management Studies. 9(2). pp.129-143.
Crosby, B.C. and Bryson, J.M., 2018. Why leadership of public leadership research matters: and
what to do about it. Public Management Review. 20(9). pp.1265-1286.
Al Khajeh, E.H., 2018. Impact of leadership styles on organizational performance. Journal of
Human Resources Management Research. 2018. pp.1-10.
Hughes, D.J. And et. al., 2018. Leadership, creativity, and innovation: A critical review and
practical recommendations. The Leadership Quarterly. 29(5). pp.549-569.
Johnson, C.E. and Hackman, M.Z., 2018. Leadership: A communication perspective. Waveland
Press.
Kerrissey, M.J. and Edmondson, A.C., 2020. What good leadership looks like during this
pandemic. Harvard Business Review. 13(1).
Setó-Pamies, D. and Papaoikonomou, E., 2020. Sustainable development goals: A powerful
framework for embedding ethics, CSR, and sustainability in management education.
Wagner-Tsukamoto, S., 2019. In search of ethics: from Carroll to integrative CSR
economics. Social Responsibility Journal.
Camacho, J. and Fernandez, J.L., 2018. Competitiveness and CSR in SME: Results from a Study
in the Madrid Region. Management Dynamics in the Knowledge Economy. 6(1). pp.105-
116.
Hühn, M.P., 2018. CSR-the Cuckoo’s egg in the business ethics Nest. Humanistic Management
Journal. 3(2). pp.279-298.