Comprehensive Report on Hypoglycemia Management in Public Health

This report provides a comprehensive overview of hypoglycemia management, focusing on the context of public health in Canada. It begins with an introduction to hypoglycemia, its prevalence, and the challenges it presents, particularly in the context of chronic disease management. The report then examines the role of the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) in addressing hypoglycemia, including its surveillance systems and educational interventions. Key aspects of the report include a discussion of the symptoms and signs of hypoglycemia, along with effective treatment strategies, such as the consumption of high-sugar foods and the importance of blood glucose monitoring. The report emphasizes the significance of educational interventions for clients and their families, highlighting the use of finger-stick tests and self-monitoring of blood glucose levels. The conclusion underscores the need for individualized therapies and continuous self-monitoring to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia, reinforcing the importance of patient education and adherence to medical guidelines. The report concludes with a comprehensive bibliography of cited sources.

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Management of Hypoglycemia
Student Details:

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Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC)......................................................................................3
Educational Interventions for Client and Family for Hypoglycemia..............................................4
Symptoms and Signs....................................................................................................................4
Treatment of Hypoglycemia........................................................................................................5
Importance of daily monitoring blood glucose level...................................................................6
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................8
Bibliography....................................................................................................................................9

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Introduction
During the development, Canada is facing a prevalent of Chronic Diseases. As an
outcome, concepts of CDP (chronic disease prevention) and CDM (chronic disease management)
emerged as essential challenges to persons, healthcare structures, communities and societies
(Government of Canada, 2007). Furthermore, topmost obstacle for individuals who tries to
achieve glycemic goals is “Drug-induced Hypoglycemia”. Hypoglycemia is austere and
consequences in misperception, oblivion or confiscation, requires the help of other people. The
noteworthy threat of Hypoglycemia frequently demands reduced “stringent glycemic goals”.
Severity and frequency of hypoglycemia destructively impacts on life eminence and enhances
future fear hypoglycemia. Further, it is essential to preclude, analyze and treat hypoglycemic
occurrences inferior to the usage of insulin (Jean-François Yale, 2018) . Common symptoms of
hypoglycemia are trembling, sweating, hunger, palpitations and nausea. In Canada, identification
of the insulin-treated patients at maximum risk might help in the reduction of the occurrence of
hypoglycemia (Martin, 2007). This report highlights the management and planning of Chronic
Illness Diseases in Canada.
Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC)
The “Public Health Agency of Canada” sanctions Canadians for the improvement of
health. The objective of PHAC is to concentrate on anticipation of diseases and injuries,
preferment of good mental and physical health and delivering information for the support of
informed decision making. The “Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC)” collaborated with
all outlying areas and regions to conduct national surveillance of diabetes for the support of

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preparation and assessment of related strategies and platforms. The “Canadian Chronic Disease
Surveillance System (CCDSS)” classifies chronic disorders cases from territorial and provincial
organizational health databases, which includes doctor promoting entitlements and hospice
liberation intellectual chronicles which are interconnected to territorial and provincial health
insurance registry records by the usage of a “unique personal identifier”. Around 97% of the data
of Canada population is recorded. Canadian with more than 1 year age and older are classified of
having diagnosed diabetes (type 1 and 2 combined) if they resist at least one record of hospital or
at least claims of two doctor in two-year period with an “International Classification of Diseases
(ICD-9 or ICD 10) code for diabetes” (Diabetes in Canada, 2017). For the exudations of
Gestational diabetes females of age 10 to 54 years are diagnosed with diabetes 120 or 180 days
preceding a pregnancy related visits are detached.
Educational Interventions for Client and Family for Hypoglycemia
Hypoglycemia is also known as low blood glucose. Hypoglycemia occurs when the level
of blood glucose reduces in the blood system. Hypoglycemia is not a disorder; it is a sign of a
health issue. Instant cure of hypoglycemia is required when blood sugar level is at 70mg/dL or
3.9 mmol/L or less. Curing of the hypoglycemia comprises of regulation of blood glucose level
back to normal through consumption of high-sugar food or liquids along with medications (Frier,
2011). Meanwhile, hyperglycemia is referred to the condition when the glucose level in blood is
raised above than normal level.
Symptoms and Signs
Symptoms of hypoglycemia include irregular heart rhythm, whitish skin, nervousness,
starvation, burning perception around the mouth, fatigue, shakiness, sweating and prickliness.

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However, signs of hyperglycemia comprises of frequent urination, blurred vision, headache,
increased thirst and fatigue (Fidler, 2011).
Treatment of Hypoglycemia
When individuals experiences above mentioned symptoms, initial cure of hypoglycemia
is consumption of juice or soft drinks, sugar candies or glucose tablets, and checking the glucose
level periodically. Individual with hypoglycemia should ensure consumption of frequent meals,
selection of food products with low Gastro-intestinal scores. Plummeting and eradicating the
consumption of alcohol. Hypoglycemic individuals should include carbohydrate and protein rich
food like eggs, meat and bread in meals. However, if the glucose level in bloodstream is not yet
balanced, contact the physician right away (Prabhakar, 2011).
Purpose of client glucose self-monitoring is to control and regulate the blood glucose
level on your own which gives instant result and can be used periodically. It also manages
treatment plan. To check the blood sugar level, finger-stick test is prescribed and the instrument
is known as Glucometer. Below mentioned are the steps to perform finger-stick test accurately
(Manuals, 2009):
 Turn on the meter and insert test strip with the three contact bars facing into the
blood glucose meter. Do not bend the test strip.
 Within 5 seconds, screen will advance to “apply blood”.
 Clean the finger with alcohol swab then desiccate with a gauze swab.
 Puncture the test location and moderately press to attain a drop of blood.
 Softly press the slither above the test location to acquire a blood drop. Do not
press the test strip too firmly against puncture site.

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 Let the blood drawn into the strip and hold the blood until the confirmation
window is displayed.
 The meter count will drop and results will be shown.
 Record the result in the log.
Testing is normally suggested before meal and bedtime. If the results are very less,
individual has to contact the doctor/physician right away. If the results are controllable then
individual should check the blood glucose level periodically to avoid the reoccurrence of
situation. Assured incidences can outcome in erroneous readings, such as daubing the blood
sample on the blood sugar test strip, or not smearing blood appropriately (Onetouch.ca, 2018).
Clean the device properly after use. Record the results manually like date, time, medications
doses, and exercise and diet information. Patients should always ensure to take meter to the
doctor to check and analyze the results properly.
Importance of daily intensive care blood sugar level
‘Self-monitoring of blood sugar level” is a necessary tool in management of treatment
plan and prevention of diabetes complications. Blood sugar level self-monitoring provides useful
information for the management of hypoglycemia. The SMBG helps with the appropriate
scheduling of food, activity and medications (Tomky, 2005). Absence of consistent self-
monitoring forecasts hospitalization for diabetes associated difficulties. Self-monitoring helps:
 To judge the overall treatment goals.
 For understanding influences of diet and exercise.
 In the evaluation of factors such as illness and stress.
 For the intensive care of hypoglycemia medications on blood sugar level.

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 To analyze the blood sugar levels.
For individuals compelling insulin and regulating doses, SBMG is required for self-
management. For other individuals who obtain uttered medicine, summarizing glucose
inclinations and the approval of high or low blood glucose can be a beneficial supplement to
prosperous supervision.

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Conclusion
This report highlights the management of hypoglycemia wherein In Canada,
Hypoglycemia is particularly prevalent among those on insulin, still common for treatment
regiments that do not include sulfonylureas. There is a subsequent requirement for educational
interventions and individualization of therapies for the reduction of threat of hypoglycemia.
Enduring health system restructurings requires a governance role for family medication as an
essential supplier of chronic and lifelong care in an atmosphere of almost repeated health system
restructure and alteration. Such reactive and adaptive family medication governance should be
well-versed by an indulgence of people, municipal and residents requirements, and what makes
health system operative. Individual with who experiences hypoglycemia should ensure the
complete maintenance and regulation by following the guidelines provided by the physician.
Finger stick is widely used instrument for the testing of hypoglycemia. Self-monitoring of
hypoglycemia ensures the control of situation and prevent from reoccurrences. Establishment
and publish of a modest treatment procedure gives quick achievement to suitably treat numerous
phases of hypoglycemia.

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Bibliography
Diabetes in Canada. (2017, 11 14). Highlights from the Canadian Chronic Disease Surveillance
System. Retrieved from Diabetes in Canada:
https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/publications/diseases-conditions/
diabetes-canada-highlights-chronic-disease-surveillance-system.html#box1
Fidler, C. E. (2011). Hypoglycemia: an overview of fear of hypoglycemia, quality-of-life, and
impact on costs. Journal of medical economics, 14(5), 646-655.
Frier, B. M. (2011). Hypoglycemia and cardiovascular risks. Diabetes care, 34(2), S132-S137.
Government of Canada. (2007, 04 23). Chronic Disease Prevention and Management. Retrieved
from Canada.ca: https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/health-care-system/
reports-publications/primary-health-care/chronic-disease-prevention-management.html
Jean-François Yale, B. P. (2018). Hypoglycemia: Canada Clinical Practice Guidelines Expert
Committee. Diabetes Canada 2018 Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Prevention and
Management of Diabetes in Canada, 42(Suppl 1), S1-S325.
Manuals, S. H. (2009, 07 01). FINGERSTICK GLUCOSE PROCEDURE. Retrieved from
Student Healthcare Manuals: http://shs-manual.ucsc.edu/policy/fingerstick-glucose-
procedure
Martin, C. M. (2007). Chronic disease and illness care. Can Fam Physician, 53(12), 2086-2091.
Onetouch.ca. (2018, 03 11). Blood Glucose Test: Tips for Accurate Results. Retrieved from
Onetouch.ca: https://www.onetouch.ca/diabetes-resources/testing-basics/blood-glucose-

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test-tips-for-accurate-results
Prabhakar, P. K. (2011). Mechanism of action of natural products used in the treatment of
diabetes mellitus. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, 17(8), 563.
Tomky, D. (2005). Detection, Prevention, and Treatment of Hypoglycemia in the Hospital.
Diabetes Spectrum, 18(1), 39-44.