Efficient Resource Management in IaaS Cloud: NIT6042 Thesis

This thesis, submitted for NIT6042, explores efficient resource management in Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) cloud environments. It identifies problems in virtualization, multi-tenancy, resource management, and network infrastructure. The study aims to analyze efficient resource management in IaaS, identifying the need for it, various processes, and problems associated with resource allocation. The research employs secondary research methods, including a literature review, to analyze resource management techniques and recommend solutions. The thesis is structured into six sections, covering the introduction, literature review, research methodology, experiments, results, and conclusion, providing a detailed analysis of resource management in cloud computing. The study contributes to understanding the importance of resource allocation in the cloud and proposes tenant-based allocation models for improved infrastructure, with the goal of optimized resource usage and enhanced cloud service delivery.

Efficient Resource Management in IaaS
Cloud
Full Name
Student ID
Submitted for unit NIT6042 (Thesis 2)
Date

Abstract
The cloud computing is offered elastic, scalable and sharing of resource services by use of the
resource management. Management of the resources is required into the cloud computing so
that there is better performance of the system. The cloud computing can offer higher
performance computing ability which can remind the cloud providers to use resource entirely
due to limitations of the resources. Due to accessibility of various resources, it is complex for
the cloud providers to offer ordered services at definite time. From the perspective of the
cloud computing, the possessions are required to be allocated at accurate way. In this research
study, three problem areas are identified such as virtualization and multi-tenancy, resource
management and network and infrastructure issues. Those issues are mitigated by means of
resource management techniques where each of the benefits of the methods are analysed
accurately for easier understanding of easier management of the resource management in
Infrastructure as Service (IaaS).
Keywords: Resource management, Infrastructure as Service, Cloud computing.

Table of Contents
Abstract......................................................................................................................................2
1. Introduction.........................................................................................................................5
1.1 Background..................................................................................................................5
1.2 Aims and objectives....................................................................................................5
1.3 Brief information about research work........................................................................5
1.4 Contributions...............................................................................................................6
1.5 Structure of the thesis.......................................................................................................6
2. Literature Review...............................................................................................................7
2.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................7
2.2 Concept resource management in IaaS cloud..............................................................7
2.3 Different process in resource management in cloud...................................................8
2.4 Issues associated with IaaS cloud................................................................................9
2.5 Recommendations for effective resource management in IaaS cloud............................10
2.6 Summary.........................................................................................................................10
3. Research Methodology.....................................................................................................11
3.1 Introduction...............................................................................................................11
3.2 Research problem and questions...............................................................................11
3.3 Research Philosophy.................................................................................................11
3.4 Research Design........................................................................................................12
3.5 Research Approach....................................................................................................12
3.6 Ethical Considerations...............................................................................................12
3.7 Summary....................................................................................................................13
4. Experiments......................................................................................................................14
4.1 Introduction...............................................................................................................14
4.2 Experimental design..................................................................................................14
4.3 Data collection...........................................................................................................14
4.4 Data analysis..............................................................................................................15
4.5 Research Limitations.................................................................................................15
4.6 Summary.........................................................................................................................15
5. Results...............................................................................................................................17
5.1 Presentation of results................................................................................................17

5.2 Discussion..................................................................................................................19
6. Conclusion........................................................................................................................22
References................................................................................................................................23

1. Introduction
1.1 Background
The research study is based on efficient resource management into IaaS cloud. Management
of the resources into the cloud is required to control over the information and data which are
shared into the cloud. Throughout usage of the virtual hardware and services, the cloud
services are to be shared with the customers. Infrastructure as Service (IaaS) services is
provided to the user with the hardware and software which can allow work if there are
physical data centre. Singh and Chana (2016) stated that IaaS is good when it is expanded as
well as scaled and its greatest benefit is its capacity to scale up as well as down rapidly in
reaction to the requirements of the company. By means of advancement into the information
technology, it is required to increase into the resource management. Into the cloud
computing, resource management is a problem as the cloud provider is required to
accomplish the critical resources. Bichi et al.(2016) argued that the features of cloud
computing are on the demand self-services, network access, quick flexibility where the
capabilities are to be offered by the cloud users. Mushtaqet al.(2017) discussed IaaS cloud is
the services which is considered as service model enables the cloud providers to manage set
of the larger set of the computing resources. There is key significant benefits of the cloud are
business organization which can easily bypass the infrastructure as well as cost of storage by
using IaaS model. As the services which are offered by the cloud computing are vast,
therefore it is required to maintain accurate as well as effective allocations of resources into
the cloud.
1.2 Aims and objectives
The aim of this research study is to analyse efficient resource management into IaaS cloud.
The study is based on understanding aspects of IaaS cloud; identifying need of efficient
resource management and various procedures of resource management in the cloud
environment. The objectives identified for the research study are provided in the section
below:
 To identify the necessity of efficient resource management into cloud
 To determine the altered process of resource management into cloud
 To identify problems associated with resource allocation in IaaS cloud
 To recommend solutions towards resource management into IaaS cloud
1.3 Brief information about research work
The purpose of this research study is to understand the processes of effective resource
management into IaaS cloud. The IT industry is shifting towards usage of infrastructure as
model so that they can manage resource allocation which is required into the cloud. In order
to manage the resources of computer server, service consolidation is required. It is used to
reduce capital expenses while managing of resources. This study is based on performing
secondary research for identifying various processes by which the resources are to be

managed into the IaaS cloud. The research study is based on identifying issues which are
associated with resource allocation and recommended solutions to manage those problems
along with using IaaS model.
1.4 Contributions
The research study is contributed towards the identified research objectives based on which
the study is to be accepted out. The research questions which are related to the research study
are:
1. What are issues which are associated with resource allocation in IaaS cloud?
2. Why is it required to manage the resources into IaaS cloud?
3. What are the recommendations for effective management of resources in IaaS cloud?
Research methods are chosen to conduct this particular study. The peer review articles based
on selected topic are selected to respond to above identified research questions. Those are
undertaken along with research objectives and aim of research. Process of the resource
allocation provides significant influence on the cloud computing. In this purpose, tenant
based allocation model is to be required which will improve and validate the infrastructure.
The resources are required to manage in such a way that specific cloud applications are
needed.
1.5 Structure of the thesis
The thesis paper 2 is divided into six sections such that the selected topic is being highlighted
in each sections in detailed way.
Introduction: The basic details related to selected thesis topic are described such as
background, aim, objectives, and research questions for providing information on effective
resource management in IaaS cloud.
Literature review: The researcher helps to understand selected topic by help of literature
sources. The investigator is tried to provide theory of the study in standard way.
Research methodology: This section is helpful to gain understanding of the research methods
and processes guide path that lead to improved study the theme and gather data associated to
the study. There is assortment of methods followed by application of accurate justification on
chosen research methods.
Experiments: This section provides details of the selected data collection methods and data
analysis technique which help to gather data from the peer review sources.
Results: Based on the data collection and data analysis, the investigator is opted for the data
study of the sources such that appropriate research results are to be generated.
Conclusion: It presents overall sight of the research study which will help to comprise results
of selected thesis topic, based on the research objectives the researcher will settle on the
findings.

2. Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
According to Singh and Chana (2016), storing as well as accessing of data over the internet is
defined as cloud computing. Advancement over the cloud computing is related to
virtualization. The physical resources are to be sending out transversely different compute
requests by means of virtualization. Both physical resources as well as virtual machines are to
be managed with an efficient resource management. Sindhu and Sindhu(2017) illustrated that
cloud computing is advanced emerging technology and it is effective solutions towards faster
storage as well as data retrieval. The main issue associated to the cloud computing is security.
In this study, the researcher is tried to introduce new model to provide secured access control
into the cloud computing using IaaS cloud model. This model is a secured access control to
adopt effective resource allocation and management into the cloud server. Mushtaqet al.
(2017) stated that faster development into the area of the cloud computing provides the
system users an opportunity to access and exploit huge resources which are contained into the
cloud storage system. This research study discusses the concept of resource management in
IaaS cloud, different processes associated to resource management in cloud, issues related to
resource management in cloud computing and suggestions for well-organized management of
the resources into the cloud.
2.2 Concept resource management in IaaS cloud
Into the IaaS cloud, there is management of two types of resources such as logical and
physical resources. The physical resources are included memory, various peripheral devices
as well as processors. The logical resources are consisted system abstraction. IaaS cloud
refers to sharing of hardware resources those are used for executing services towards network
virtualization. According to Nzanywayingoma and Yang(2019), effective resource
management is required into the cloud due to offering interrupted services to the customers.
By means of advancement of the virtualization technology, the cloud computing can enable
cost effective usage of the larger scale of the data centres. The cloud providers can manage
various set of data centre which are included hardware in addition system software with
context of IaaS cloud. In order to effectively manage the resources, resource scheduling is
required in cloud computing. It is used to identify suitable physical and virtual resources for
scheduling those are work loading on time and rise efficiency of the resource application.
Mehta, Prasad and Bhavsar(2017) discussed when there is minimum amount of resources for
workload, then it is easier to maintain quality, and completion time of workload. In order to
perform better resource scheduling, workload mapping is to be needed. It is done to recognize
suitable workloads which can support scheduling of various workloads. It is done to meet
with requirements related to quality on service such as utilization of CPU, security,
availability as well as reliability towards the cloud workloads. Da Cunha Rodrigueset al.
(2016) stated that resource scheduling is considered execution time of workload and entire
performance of type of workload. According to Jennings and Stadler(2015), IaaS cloud is
used into the organization to manage the resources in cloud environment. This model is
secured for the users as it can save the cloud users from purchasing the cloud services as it is

provided with on-demand services. This model is also scalable and offered with flexibility. It
is a key significant feature of IaaS cloud which is useful for efficient management of
resources. It helps the It enterprises to save amount of infrastructure cost as it is not required
to maintain the hardware. IaaS cloud can offer easier disaster recovery which is an advantage
over the cloud environment. Sadooghi(2015) concluded that IaaS cloud is enabled
virtualization of the administrative tasks, therefore it is free a lot of instance period for the
staffs. As long as virtualization is a key benefit, it is also a key issue for efficient resource
allocation. As it is a secured cloud computing services, therefore most of the business
organizations are in a way to adopt it in the cloud server to provide secured information to the
clients.
2.3 Different process in resource management in cloud
Resource management is done by the cloud vendors in order to efficient allocation of
resources. The customers are assisted in resource management along with the virtual and
physical machine placement. Load balancing is a process related to the resource management
in the cloud computing situation. Farahnakianet al.(2016) stated that resource allocation is a
process through which there is proper assigning in addition to managing the cloud assets. The
strategic goals of most of the business organization are to meet with customer’s demands.
Díaz, Martín and Rubio (2016) argued that resource allocation is done in the IaaS cloud so
that it helps to reach upper level of customer satisfaction. Dynamic resource allocation is a
method throughout which it ensures resource management in the cloud computing. Resource
allocation into the cloud computing is referred to distributed scheduling process which can
reduce time, price as well as load balancing to make an efficient usage of physical as well as
virtual resources. This technique is used in efficient parallel processing of data. Nephele is
such a data processing framework which is used into the dynamic resource allocation. The
benefit of this technique in IaaS cloud is that it will enable parallel processing of data along
with reducing overload of resources (Weiet al. 2018). The proposed framework adapts
overload of resources in addition to underutilization throughout execution of project tasks.
Resource monitoring and prediction in the cloud environments is a process which is key
significant part of the resource management. It is provided better reference for allocation of
resources, scheduling of task as well as load balancing. This technique is used to manage the
performance of resources of cloud resources into the real time environments. The
measurements units are based on total bandwidth, total response time, read as well as write
response time and others. The resource observation information is included CPU monitoring
for monitoring the entire resources and reserved capacity rate. Memory monitoring is
performed to examine total capacity along with reservation rate. Virtual machine monitoring
is performed through name, status, and usage of CPU, size of memory, ID, IP address, tools,
usage of memory, and others (Katre and Theng 2016). Host monitoring is for monitoring of
host status, usage of host CPU, cluster name, IP address of host as well as host operations.
Task tracing is done to outline the data of task like object name, task status, end time of task
and others. Finally, under this technique there is alarm monitoring can monitor the
information of alarm like current alarms, as well as alarm masking. This monitoring system
can show the past related events.

2.4 Issues associated with IaaS cloud
According to Díaz, Martín and Rubio(2016), resource management is always an issue into the
cloud computing. Into the cloud environment, various customers are demanded for different
services based on their changing needs. Therefore, cloud server is required to meet with
demanded needs of the cloud customers. Due to ease of use various resources, it is
complicated for the cloud providers to offer demanded services at definite time. From the
perspective of the cloud computing, the capitals are required to be allocated at accurate way.
Therefore, it is vital to meet with customer’s needs to meet their satisfaction level. From the
entire study, it is analysed that there is higher requirement of efficient resource management
of the resources into the cloud computing (Katre and Theng 2016). Apart from the key
features of IaaS cloud, there are issues associated with IaaS cloud which are required to be
identified so that proper resource allocation is to be done. Following are the issues which are
occurred in IaaS cloud such as:
Firstly, there are virtualization and multi tenancy issues. Network as well as virtualization are
considered as technological features into the cloud computing. Multi-tenancy will enable the
customers to use applications while making usage of the operating system. Mousaviet al.
(2017) concluded that virtualization is required need into the IaaS cloud so that it can
increase security of the cloud computing by making sure about protection of the customers
and virtual machines. The issue associated with it is making use of the network resources
efficiently.
Secondly, it is resource management issues as managing of resources in IaaS cloud are
mandatory at provided time period to handle the workloads functions. Gaiet al.(2017)
analysed that the computing into the network resources are also limited and therefore it is
required to manage as well as share the users virtually. In order to carry out effective use of
the resource management, the issues which are determined related to resource management
are resource mapping, allocation, adaption as well as provisioning. In order to overcome with
this issue, the researcher is implementation effective resource allocation techniques. Resource
management is a main issue because of scaling of modern data centres.
Thirdly, network and infrastructure management issues where it is raised due to manage
larger number of network components lead to unsustainable cost towards administration as
well as automatic method to deal with system management. Automated methods lead to
increase in monitoring of data sizes. When the IT industry is shifted towards providing
infrastructure as service to the customers, then these issues are being addressed. There is a
problem of black box like centralized control which is provided lesser benefits to the process
of resource allocation as well as management (Colman-Meixneret al. 2016). It is considered
as emerging issue into the cloud environment. Based on the above mentioned key IaaS cloud
issues, the researcher recommended some techniques through which the issues are mitigated
for better resource allocation. The details of those resource management techniques are
provided in section 4 where each of the benefits of the methods are analysed accurately for
easier understanding of the reader.

2.5 Recommendations for effective resource management in IaaS cloud
Virtualization is a technique which is used into the IT industry as the software based
solutions for building hardware infrastructures. Hanet al. (2017) stated that this practice is
such a structure which will break up resources of computer in implementation environment
for making physical machines. It is a productive method for resource allocation as well as
resource management. The key significant consequence of this technique is that it can support
movement of virtual machines from its presented host machines to physical machines.
Virtualization technology is such a technical term which is used into cloud computing. Kalra
and Singh (2015) discussed that cloud storage is such a explanation which can permit the
cloud users to save the data and employ storage resources on the cloud platform. This type of
cloud storage system can consolidate different storage devices into the network in combined
storage stage like cluster applications.
Dynamic allocation of the resources into the IaaS cloud is utilized as resource management
technique so that it helps for easier management of the resources. It will eliminate the
resource over provisioning as well as resource under provisioning. This method can allow
scaling up as well as down the resources based on the customer requirements. Management
of the customer needs create challenges over on-demand resources allocation. The technology
of virtual machine is employed in this case for the resource provisioning (Saraswathi,
Kalaashriand Padmavathi 2015). Dynamic allocation is resource allocation strategy where
scarcity of the resources are raised when limited resources as well as customer’s demands are
higher. Resource fragmentation is other criteria which is linked with the resource
management. There is required to have resource fragmentation where it is raised when the
resources are being isolated. It will make the resource availability easier so that it is widely
used processes into the resource allocation in the cloud computing environment. Over
provisioning is raised when the application can get surplus resources as compared to the
demanded resources. It becomes a problem but using this process it is mitigated. Under
provisioning is occurred when the application is being assigned with the lesser number of
resources and it is required to mitigate using demand allocation method for efficient
management of resources.
2.6 Summary
It is concluded that resource management techniques are adopted into the study so that the
IaaS cloud issues are to be mitigated for efficient management of the resources. In this study,
data management is required into the cloud storage for getting flexibility into the cloud
computing environment. The client can get easier management of the resources into the
environment which can reduce causes of the resource over provisioning as well as under
provisioning. There is required to have resource management so that it can raise number of
the cloud users along with presence of the limited resources into the cloud environment.

3. Research Methodology
3.1 Introduction
Research methodology will help the researcher to define the approaches which are necessary
to be adopting into the research process. The theories which are determined into the research
methodology are having deeper as well as better analysis of selected research methods. The
detailed research methods can lead to common errors which can create limits into the
research processes. The research philosophy is a method where it can gain information
related to logical as well as evaluation. Research approach can help to define the resource
management in IaaS cloud. Research design method can help the researcher to define applied
concepts in detailed way to define impact of research study. Application of research methods
can help to provide particulars of selected investigation topic and carry out better quality of
data analysis.
3.2 Research problem and questions
The research study is based on efficient resource management into the cloud computing.
Resource management undergoes problems which it is required to be considered. The
research problems are included resource allocation, provisioning and issues related to
resource adaptions. In this study, three problems are identified while managing the physical
as well as virtual resources such as virtualization and multi tenancy issues, resource
management issues and network and infrastructure management issues. The research
questions which are related to the research study are:
I. What are issues which are associated with resource allocation in IaaS cloud?
II. Why is it required to manage the resources into IaaS cloud?
III. What are the recommendations for effective management of resources in IaaS cloud?
In order to find answers to above mentioned research questions, the research is required to
identify research methods which would be appropriate for collecting data based on the
selected research topic.
3.3 Research Philosophy
Based on the research methodology, the research philosophy is dealt with nature and
development of the knowledge. It is used to collect secondary as well as primary data and
employ the data analysis to create the new knowledge and skills for the thesis paper. This
method is used in this research study so that assumptions are to be taken and those are taken
based on research related strategies. There are three types of research philosophy such as
positivism, realism and interpretivism. Positivism is utilised logics to perform the study. Role
of the researcher is incomplete to data collection through research objective approach.
Realism is relied on ideas from the human mind. It is related to the assumptions on scientific
approach towards knowledge development (Kumar 2019). Finally, interpretivism is used as
social factor to get suggestions and ideas from various kinds of people. In this case,
secondary data is used.

Based on selected research topic, interpretivism research philosophy is used where this study
is based on the secondary data collection method. This method is taken into account of the
researcher experiences. The secondary data are to be collected by means of this research
philosophy technique. The errors into the data analysis are to be overcame rapidly in this
case.
3.4 Research Design
Research design is a method which can define the research problem and prepare to plan the
thesis study. The research design can help to identify the issues which are raised in the work.
It is the arrangement of the conditions for collecting and analysing data such that it can aim to
combine the research significance to research purpose. This method can outline what the
researcher is going to conduct in terms of the prepared research questions. There are three
types of research design such as exploratory, explanatory and descriptive. Exploratory design
is utilized to prepare the research problems with an in-depth investigation of the hypothesis
for the research aspects. Explanatory design is used to search the explanations to carry out the
study (Ledford and Gast 2018). Descriptive design is used to describe characteristics of the
individuals.
The selected research design is explanatory. It can concern to describe characteristics of the
individuals. It is used to protect data against the research bias and raise reliability to complete
entire study in the economical manner. The selected research design can enable to gain data
on characteristics of the specific individual to carry out the research study. Through using
these research methods, the factors are to be understandable.
3.5 Research Approach
Research approach is needed as format to conduct the investigation study so that the study is
being revealed. Based on the research approach, there are two types of research approaches
such as inductive and deductive approach. Inductive approach is used the identified research
questions to slight possibility of this thesis study (Mackey and Gass 2015). It is connected
with the qualitative investigation. Deductive approach is started with the hypothesis and it is
mainly associated with the quantitative research.
The selected investigation approach for this particular research study is inductive approach
where the researcher compares and analyses the research questions where secondary data
collection method is utilized to collect the data.
3.6 Ethical Considerations
In order to carry out this research study, the investigator is required to address the ethical
considerations which are required to taken into account while conducting the study. It is
required for the researcher to adhere to the principled rules which are put by the academic
councils while performing the study. Following are the ethical considerations such as:
a. The researcher is responsible to ensure safety of the research people those are
involved into the research study. The researcher is tried not to provide any external
influence or pressure on the participants.