ATMC ICT710: ICT and IT Governance Report Analyzing Westfield Group

This report provides an in-depth analysis of ICT and IT governance within the Westfield Group, focusing on the application of ethical and IT governance frameworks. It examines the ethical implications of digital transformation, including data privacy and security, and the importance of building trust and an ethical culture. The report explores the COBIT framework and its principles, highlighting how IT governance is crucial for managing business functions and achieving competitive advantages. It also discusses the challenges of digital diversity and provides recommendations for the Westfield Group to enhance its ICT and IT governance practices, ensuring data security, promoting trust, and fostering an ethical environment. The report emphasizes the need for companies to make ethical decisions in a rapidly changing digital landscape, emphasizing the importance of communication and organizational culture in achieving business success.

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ICT and IT governance
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ICT and IT Governance
Executive Summary
This report will analyze the different aspects of the Westfield Group using ethical framework analysis. It
is based on ethical and IT governance framework. There are many issues in an organization with their
diversity because of digital disruption.
This report will explain different issues in the company and its challenges. It will provide
recommendations and competitive advantage for the company.

ICT and IT Governance
Table of Contents
Executive Summary.....................................................................................................................................1
Introduction.................................................................................................................................................3
Ethical framework.......................................................................................................................................3
Ethical implications..................................................................................................................................4
Digital diversity........................................................................................................................................6
IT Governance Framework..........................................................................................................................6
COBIT (Control Objectives for Information and Related Technologies) framework:...............................6
Cobit five Goals:...................................................................................................................................6
Cobit five Principles:.............................................................................................................................7
Competitive advantages..............................................................................................................................7
Recommendations.......................................................................................................................................8
Conclusion...................................................................................................................................................9
References...................................................................................................................................................9

ICT and IT Governance
Introduction
Business is based on ethics and moral because it builds a good relationship between the company and
its customers. IT Governance framework is necessary to manage most of the things in an organization
(Kizza, 2007). In the present era, most of the companies are using information technologies to manage
their business functions in perfect manner. Moreover, hierarchy is necessary for an organization to
manage different issues and challenges. IT governance provides helps the ineffectiveness of people in an
organization. It also supports the decision-making needs of the organization. There are many issues in
the implementation and maintenance of IT governance because of technical changes (Nfuka & Rusu,
2011).
This report will take the virtue ethical framework to analyze the ICT business case of the Westfield
group. Westfield is a huge group, which have more than 100,000 products. It has developed many
innovations to divert online shopper from online shopping to the physical world.
This report will demonstrate the IT governance framework to analyze different issues and diversity of
the company. It will also explain about awareness of IT governance and IT standards and frameworks to
get a competitive advantage in the existing market.
Ethical framework
There are four ethical theories are used in different businesses and it is a tough job that manages all
things in well mannered. The company should implement a code of ethics to manage different ethical
issues in their premises and business functions (LEE, et al., 2016). In addition, Westfield has
implemented new digital services in their malls to attract its customers, such as digital storefronts, click,
and collect hubs, mobile food service apps, car parking payment services, and many others.
The Westfield shopping center is creating a platform in which it creates the searchable mall web
platform, which is used to integrate retailers and provide help to shoppers find their desired
destinations in the mall. The company is continuing with digital transformation and implements new
things to attract online shoppers in their malls based on quality services and products, which are not
available online. The company has set up a lab for the creation of new systems to manage different
things of business processes, such as ecosystems with innovative digital, social, and mobile marketed
opportunities. It will increase the interest of shoppers to visit malls for shopping with high quality of

ICT and IT Governance
services and products. Westfield uses digital disruption to business, which is having many ethical
implications, which can create different issues in front of the company.
Ethical implications
Many ethical implications faced by the company for the implementation of digital services in their
business. The Westfield is also faced a few of them. Therefore, it is necessary to implement new services
for diverting shopper from online shopping to digital markets (Mason, 2017).
Digital transformation represents the important reaction wished through companies to fulfill growing
purchaser expectations, supply scalable individualized reviews, and reply to market forces with ever-
increasing stages of enterprise agility (McDermid, 2008).
Digital services and disruptive technologies inclusive of cloud computing, robotics, AI and big statistics
combined with optimized running fashions permit companies to drive innovation and respond to inner
and external occasions quicker and less expensive than ever earlier than (Meffert, 2009).
Even as digital transformation is useful in the success of the company. These observations need to
remind us that the human dimension is as essential as generation (Yardley, 2018). What we stand for
and how we behave constitute the fundamental ideas of ethics and if businesses need to deliver
enduring fulfillment in a digital international they'll need to make sure that particularly, they apprehend
the need to behave ethically (Meredith , 2018).
Ethics is the exercise of making a principled desire among right and incorrect, it is approximately how
human beings must act, no longer how they do act (Wright, 2011). In addition, while the topic has inside
the past, struggled to gain acceptance by means of the commercial enterprise community, things are
fortuitously, much distinctive now (kevinbinz, 2017). No longer simplest is ethics visible as critical by
using many businesses, it now represents a key differentiator in a particularly competitive market
wherein recognition and values are as critical as their services and products (Quinn, 2010).
Whilst ethics is, really, something all agencies with a virtual transformation schedule must actively
embrace, the toughest task may be at a man or woman level – businesses do no longer make decisions,
individuals do. Ethics is now not without a doubt a query of ‘proper’ as opposed to ‘wrong’, every now
and then there may be more than one ‘proper’ answer relying on the perspective taken. In lots of
instances, individuals will need to make a decision requiring a preference to be made among options

ICT and IT Governance
that are not most effective much less than suited; all of them have effects for different stakeholders on
the way to want to be considered a truly moral predicament (Rossouw & Vuuren, 2017).
Virtual professionals and managers will need to decide what the ‘right’ element to do simply is from a
moral angle. notwithstanding the level of moral awareness or ethics education which could or may not
exist within agencies, what is taken into consideration moral can range across individuals, businesses,
religions, and cultures, and in an international and rapid-shifting virtual society, those depart
tremendous room for interpretation (globalalliancepr.org, 2019).
Moreover, communication is a key to success for different businesses and company can manage their
operations because of effective business communication. Organization culture makes a huge impact on
business because of proper communication makes a good climate in the organization. It builds a good
relationship between employees for work (Keyton, 2011).In addition, the banking sector requires a high
level of communication, and their climate creates a difference between them and others. Clients attract
from their business communication, which makes a huge impact on the client mindset. In addition, the
banking sector is having proper communication and they increase their business in the market based on
effective business communication (Papasolomou Doukakis, 2002)‐ .
According to (Robles, 2012), soft skills are necessary to develop a better climate in a company. It builds a
good relationship between employees and employer as well. It provides many benefits to the
employees, such as knowledge sharing, helping nature and many others.
There are a few points, which clear about organization culture.
 It is a “psychological atmosphere.”
 It is a connection between the business enterprise and its employees.
 It is associated with the first-class and suitability of the work environment.
 It has to do with the help that personal experience they get hold of from the
organization.
 The organizational structure strongly influences the organizational climate.
 The organizational climate is a reflection of the diploma of worker motivation.
 It has high-quality and poor effects on human being’s behavior within the place of job.

ICT and IT Governance
There are some common things, which should be considered by a person in their communication. Which
areas:
 Always show teamwork and positive attitude, when speaking to next party
 Always have confidence in business communication
 There is no space for emotions in effective business communication
 Always think twice before sending a written thing to next parties, such as to reply all, and other.
 Create a proper format for a written request to the next person with a proper exclamation point
 Leave humor out of effective business communication.
These are the following implications, which can be faced by the company in the future because of digital
transformation, which areas:
 Implement data privacy, integrity, and security: Westfield should implement cybersecurity
standards to secure data and information of shoppers, employees, and business information. It
can be legal and ethical issues if someone accesses personal data of their customers from their
databases or data centers. Therefore, the company should implement information security
systems for securing all the data and information (www.iibmindialms.com, 2019).
 Promote trust: the company should implement trust in its customers and retailers. The
company assures its customers about their data through proper audit and international
standards, such as ISO/IEC 27001, COBIT, ITIL, and PRINCE2 (Brook, 2018).
 Beware of Bias: human behavior effects from different things. Therefore, it is necessary to
implement common to all policies and avoid biases from the system. The company should avoid
biasing in their different business processes using digital technologies.
 Increasing accountability: the company must involve different advanced technologies for
accountability, such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and many others.
 Create an ethical culture in the company: organization culture makes a huge impact on the
thinking of employees. Therefore, the company should create a proper culture in their premises
to avoid conflicts between employees. The company has a moral responsibility to secure its
employees from taking risks, which can damage both individual and the company (White, 2019).

ICT and IT Governance
Digital diversity
The company can take advantage of digital diversity of human beings. Most of people use smartphones
and social media networks. Therefore, the company can use those things for their business growth (Van
Grembergen, 2010). There is much application software present in the market, which is ethical and
useful to enhance the business processes for growth and success, such as ERP, CRM, and many others.
In addition, collaboration is necessary to connect employees and management on the same platform.
Therefore, different types of digital software can be used for collaboration, such as SharePoint, LinkedIn,
Facebook, and many others.
In addition, the company should adopt new technologies for their growth and success. Digital
transformation is the best way for attract customers towards shopping malls. Digital technologies are
helpful in attracting customers. Moreover, customers always need good quality of services and products.
Therefore, shopping malls should have all the facilities to attract customers into physical world for
shopping. The Westfield group uses digital technologies and innovation to attract customers in their
malls.
IT Governance Framework
IT governance framework is used to create different roles and responsibilities in an organization to
secure different resources from cyber-attacks ( Pennison, 2016). There are a few challenges in the
implementation of an IT governance framework. There are different types of IT governance framework
available to manage business processes inappropriate ways, such as COBIT, ITIL, PRINCE2, and many
others (Cecil, 2017).
COBIT (Control Objectives for Information and Related Technologies)
framework:
Cobit five Goals:
This framework has a different goal to provide security and privacy to the company’s information assets.

ICT and IT Governance
Source: (Cecil, 2017)
 Stakeholder needs
 Enterprise goals
 IT-related goals
 Enabler goals
Cobit five Principles:
This framework has five principles as shown in the below diagram.
Source: (Cecil, 2017)

ICT and IT Governance
There are many other frameworks in the market, which can provide desired services to the company.
The COBIT IT governance framework is suitable for Westfield (van Grembergen & de Haes, 2009).
Competitive advantages
Information Technologies is playing a huge role in the success of Westfield, as it uses digital
transformation in their malls to take competitive advantages. There are different data analysis tool
available in the market, which can be used to increase the performance of employees and business
processes.
In addition, the company can use data analysis tools to get a competitive advantage in the market. The
companies can usage Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems to manage different things,
such as sales, marketing, accounts, strategies, leads, meetings, and many others.
Business Intelligence (BI) can provide a competitive advantage based on the internal analysis and
external analysis of different business processes. BI can provide a different advantage to the company,
as it provides different facts about sales and marketing in a few seconds (Sabherwal & Becerra-
Fernandez, 2012).
Ethical and IT governance framework can provide many benefits in order to growth and success in the
market ( Peraza, 2012). It provides help into the management of tangible and non-tangible resources of
the company in a better to increase the performance of the company. It can be helpful for the company
from a competitive advantage point of view ( Mason, 2018).
In the present era, customers are highly infected from digital services, such as information centers, basic
services, payment services, and many others.
Recommendations
Westfield is using many types of data and information in their business process. Therefore, it is
necessary to manage their services and products through proper ethical and IT governance framework.
There is a little recommendation for the company, which must be adopted by the company for more
growth in the future, which areas:
 Westfield should develop data center and servers to managing their data and information for
data security and privacy.

ICT and IT Governance
 Establish new technology and innovation in their malls, which attracts online shoppers, such as
augmented reality and virtual reality
 Develop a new application, which works as an information center of their malls to give direction
to their customers.
 Provide new offers and discounts on selected products to attract more customers
 Create new innovative things for relaxing customers in a mall, because of most of the customers
tired during shopping.
 Create food courts in different zones of the mall to provide energy to its customers.
 Increase the number of investors to spend more money on increasing services for customers.
 Open new franchises of reputed brands to increase VIP customers.
 Involve business intelligence and deep learning in data analysis and data processing to know
about the behavior of customers.
 Uses social networking sites for advertising and marketing of different products and services as
well as collaboration between different employees.
 Create premises transportation for physically handicapped persons.
 Consider SDGs and develop new products and services.
 Develop help kiosk for inquiry and different types of issues solving.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the ethical analysis framework is used to analyze the ICT business case of the company,
which is used digital disruption for the diversity of customers. There are many technical and non-
technical things, which make a huge impact on the business of a company. Westfield is a well-known
organization, which used digital disruption for the diversity of online shoppers towards the physical
world.
The ethical analysis framework is highly necessary to prevent the company from different types of
ethical implications because of digital transformations in the company. The company can manage their
different issues using ethical theories and framework, such as biases, harassment, data privacy, security,
and integrity, and many others. The company can take competitive advantage from ethical and IT
governance framework, as customers attract from the standardization of different business processes.

ICT and IT Governance
IT governance framework has used to manage different business works using different roles and
responsibilities in the company. It manages different ethical issues, which are related to the IT-services.
Westfield will expand its business in a better way using ethical and IT governance frameworks.
Finally, it has concluded that Westfield should adopt those recommendations to get a more competitive
advantage and success in the future based on digital disruptions.
References
Mason, R. O., 2018. Four Ethical Issues of the Information Age. [Online]
Available at: https://www.gdrc.org/info-design/4-ethics.html
[Accessed 18 September 2018].
Pennison, A., 2016. Alignment of Enterprise Governance and IT Governance. [Online]
Available at: https://slideplayer.com/slide/3356759/
Peraza, M. L., 2012. IT Governance 101, s.l.: s.n.
Reynolds, G., 2018. Ethics in Information Technology. 6th ed. Boston: Cengage Learning.
blog.zilicus.com, 2016. Project Management and IT Governance (Part-I). [Online]
Available at: http://blog.zilicus.com/project-management-governance-part/
[Accessed 22 May 2019].
Brook, C., 2018. What is COBIT?. [Online]
Available at: https://digitalguardian.com/blog/what-cobit
[Accessed 28 May 2019].
brown.edu, 2019. A Framework for Making Ethical Decisions. [Online]
Available at: https://www.brown.edu/academics/science-and-technology-studies/framework-making-
ethical-decisions
[Accessed 24 May 2019].