SBM1103: Portfolio - ICT Requirements and System Design

This portfolio, submitted for the SBM1103 Project and Program Information & Communication Systems course, presents a comprehensive analysis of ICT requirements for a project management information system. The assignment begins with a brief literature review and an analysis of the organization ABC Pvt Ltd, focusing on its current business processes, specifically manual purchase order handling, and identifies inefficiencies. The student proposes a cloud-based web-based project management tool, designed with three modules: Project Portfolio Management, Framework Management, and Project Management. The justification for the chosen tool highlights its benefits in team interaction, process management, and the maintenance of roles and responsibilities. The second part of the assignment is a requirement specification report, detailing the purpose, scope, and overview of the accounting information system, including suitable workflows, performance metrics, and both functional and non-functional requirements. The functional requirements include 24/7 availability and command line interface support, while non-functional requirements address performance, security, and portability aspects of the system.

Running head: PROJECT AND PROGRAM INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION
SYSTEMS
SBM1103 Project and Program Information
& Communication Systems
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author’s Note

1
PROJECT AND PROGRAM INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
Assessment 2: Portfolio
Part 1: Design Specification Report
A brief literature review detailing the ICT requirements for a Project Management
Information System and select an organization to explore this further.
For designing the specification report an analysis is made on the existing system and for
the AAC Pvt. Ltd organization such that the functionality of the system can be evaluated. The
developed information system is needed to be cloud based such that it can be used for the
management of remote users and share files between the users securely. An account information
system is selected for performing the evaluation and data is collected from different sources with
the means of qualitative survey. The range of journals are different published sources are
reviewed for statistical findings and identify the gaps in the current business process of the
organization. The paper effects of accounting information system on organizational effectiveness
is reviewed and it has been found that the automated accounting information system can be used
as a tool in the finance department for increasing the effectiveness of the organization 1. An
examination is made on the different effects of the accounting information system for the
construction firms and management of quality for the financial report and decision making.
Sampling techniques are applied for selection of 10 personnel from different companies and use
them as a sample for the case study. Descriptive and inferential statistical tool was employed for
the formulation of a hypothesis and analysis of the data and as a result it has been found that it
can improve the effectiveness of the organization. In the end of the paper recommendations are
made for the managers of the organization and the government for using accounting information
system for improving the performance of finance department.
1 H Mohammed & A Rauf, "Agile Project Management: Brief Review", in Lecture Notes on Software Engineering,
vol. 3, 2015, 225-228.

2
PROJECT AND PROGRAM INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
Conduct a brief analysis of your chosen organization’s business processes.
The selected organization ABC Pvt Ltd. is a manufacturing company that manufactures
metal products, building system and hydraulic system. The hydraulic system are mainly gear
pumps, motors, telescopic cylinders and control valves. It had its main headquarters in South
Australia and the strength of the employee is 38 thousand located across the globe. 27 facility is
provided by the company for 7 countries such that it can be top in the market position. The
company handles the purchase orders manually and a single department is involved for
processing the order2. The manual process increases the waiting time of the customer for
receiving their order and increase in workload on the employees of the purchasing department.
As the requisition list increases the customers in the queue has to wait for more time and thus
causing a negative impact on the base of the customer. The highlighting of the organizational
inefficiency causes loss of customer base and increasing the level of dissatisfaction among the
customer. Currently the organization has the need for the development of a risk response plan
such that no organizational data is leaked and the response to any kind of risk is needed to be
documented 3. An accounting information system is needed to be developed and integrated with
the current business process such that some of the business operations can be automated and help
in increasing the efficiency of the organization.
Proposal of a design and development of a new web-based project management tool
A business process reengineering is needed to be applied after the identification if the
emerging technology that can be integrated for reducing the current loads on the employees and
automating some of the business operation. An accounting information system with centralized
2 Giulio Ermanno Pibiri and Rossano Venturini, "Handling Massive N-Gram Datasets Efficiently" (2019)
37(2) ACM Transactions on Information Systems.
3 C Hou, "Understanding business intelligence system continuance intention", in Information Development, vol. 32,
2016, 1359-1371.

3
PROJECT AND PROGRAM INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
database system is needed to be implemented such that all the data can be accessed from remote
location. An in-house server is needed to be used for the storage of organizational data with the
increase in the loads it can be virtualized4. The use of the centralized database helps in
maximizing the data integrity and the data redundancy is minimized.
The project management virtual environment can be created for the development of the
information system and assist the project manager for the management of the project. The system
is designed by organizing into three modules such as: Project portfolio management (PPM);
Framework Management (FM) and Project Management (PM). The project portfolio
management module has the functionality of creation of new projects, management of the
different phases of the project, defining the objectives of the project, linking the users,
configuring the constraint, Setting mandatory knowledge areas of the project and management of
messages.
The framework management module is used for defining the specific functions for the
administrator. The functionality helps in creation of project management lifecycle as PMBOK
and its related elements 5. The project management module is sued for containing the features
available to the users and this provides different functionality to the user for responding against
preparation, planning, controlling, and execution and monitor the project.
Provide justification for your chosen tool.
The application of project management virtual environment tool would help in providing
support for the different aspect of project management features. It can help in increasing the
interaction between the development team and the agents involved for the development of the
4 J Khemprasit & V Esichaikul, "Design and implementation of a mobile crime analysis and monitoring system
(MCAM) based on service-oriented architecture (SOA)", in Information Development, vol. 32, 2016, 861-879.
5 D Kocsis, "A conceptual foundation of design and implementation research in accounting information systems",
in International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, , 2019.

4
PROJECT AND PROGRAM INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
information system. It also helps in increasing the focus for the small processes and deal with the
technical work over the project management life cycle. The tool helps in maintaining the specific
roles and responsibility of the user and the dependency between the process and the producers
can result in improving the output of the project. The processes involved for the development of
the project are related with different tools and techniques improve the management of different
stages involved for management of the project.
Part 2: Requirement Specification Report
1. Introduction
The document for software specification is developed for the accounting information
system project. It acts as the initial draft and can be used as extension and providing facility to
the development team for analyzing the requirement of the system. The development team can
develop codes and performing automated testing for meeting the organizational needs. Cloud
computing can be used for maximizing the usage of the computer resources and serve the user
with the use of internet.
1.1. Purpose
The document aims in specifying the complete description for the integrated development
environment depending on cloud. An agreement is needed to be prepared between the developer
and client needs to develop the project. With the document the workload can be identified with
the validation and verification. The functionality is needed to be described along with
performance, design constraints and external interfaces that are needed to be developed.
1.3. Scope
The information system is developed such that the emerging technology can be used for
the development of the accounting information system. An analysis is needed to be made on the

5
PROJECT AND PROGRAM INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
available IDE’s for open source and commercial items. An extensive feature is needed to be
made available to the development team such that the life of application developer can be
improved. The integration of the cloud computing would help the organization to eliminate the
need of powerful in-house servers for the management of workloads.
1.3. Overview
The functionality of the product, characteristics of the user, dependency and assumption
is described in the following section. Specific requirement is needed to be addresses for the
enclosure of the requirement of external interface, performance and other different requirements.
2. Overall Description
The accounting information system is developed for ABC Pvt. Ltd. for the collection,
storing and processing the financial and account data that are generated as a result of different
business process. It is a computer based method used for tracking the different activity of the
account based on the resources of information technology. Financial reports are needed to be
generated from the information system they are needed to be accessed by the other stakeholders
such as investors, tax authorities and creditors for supporting the different accounting functions6.
The system is needed to support audit, financial accounting, reporting, management accounting
and tax. It is needed to be developed such that new modules can be integrated with the
information system for increasing the functionality and support the future growth of the
organization.
3. Suitable workflows
The workflow is used for defining the process of getting a work done and illustrate as a
series of steps that are needed to be sequentially completed with the use of a diagram or
6 H Mohammed & A Rauf, "Agile Project Management: Brief Review", in Lecture Notes on Software Engineering,
vol. 3, 2015, 225-228.

6
PROJECT AND PROGRAM INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
checklist. The workflow can be sequential advancement of steps or a series of events or
requirement and rules. A workflow is run for different activity set for getting the desired
outcomes from the processes. Workflow software can be used for mapping and creating a
workflow from scratch and reduce the efforts for management of the project7. The workflow is
needed to be documented and tasks are needed to be assigned to the team members for the
completion of the task without any delays. The project manager is responsible for monitoring the
tasks and should have a clear view about the upcoming and the current tasks. The workflow
helps the manager to refine the real time data and improve the process continuously.
4. Performance Metrics
It is used as the quantifiable measure used for tracking and accessing the specific process
status and it is important for a business since a large number of trackable areas is covered by this.
The metric can be used for measuring the traffic in the website and compare it with the goals and
the key performance indicator is used for monitoring the same traffic8. The critical success factor
and the critical item that is needed to be completed by the organization for the achievement of
the performance objectives. How well the employees are performing their respective tasks and
objectives accomplished by them are accessed by the performance metrics. Hard data is provided
and generates outcomes that are used for clearly defining the quantities within a range for
fascinating upgrades and improvement in the current business process.
7 "Online Self Assessment and Peer Assessment of Students Teamwork: Evidence from Accounting Information
System Discipline", in Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, , 2019.
8 G Pibiri & R Venturini, "Handling Massive N-Gram Datasets Efficiently", in ACM Transactions on Information
Systems, vol. 37, 2019, 1-41.

7
PROJECT AND PROGRAM INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
5. Functional and non-functional requirements of the system
5.1. Functional Requirement
The following are the functional requirement that is essential for the development of
accounting information system such as:
 The information system is needed to be availability 24*7 such that the current demands
of the users are meet
 A terminal is needed to be provided by the software for supporting different command
viewing
 A terminal is needed to be provided for supporting the basic execution of the commands
available in UNIX.
 A terminal is needed to be provided for supporting the available list of commands for
demonstration
5.2. Non Functional Requirement
The nonfunctional requirement of the account information system contains the
performance requirement, security requirement and portability requirement.
Performance Requirement – Since the developed information system is needed to be
web based a powerful server is needed that has the access of high speed internet. The powerful
server helps in handling multiple number of request from the user and eliminate the risk of
network downtime. The storage space is also another requirement and the space available in the
hard drive/ RAID means increased workspace and improvement of performance.
Security Requirement – The software is needed to be hosted on the cloud server and thus
it is essential to securely store the data in the servers and the privacy of data is important. The

8
PROJECT AND PROGRAM INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
own credentials of the users are needed to be used such that the data is accessed9. The restriction
of the user is needed to be maintained such that any of their activity does not harm the
information system. The application of the encryption and decryption would help to improve the
security and ensure data is sent between the users securely.
Portability Requirement – The software development process is needed to be portable
such that they can run on different platform and it is needed to be kept light weight such that the
slow internet connectivity speed does not affect the performance of the software. The use of
simple tools and libraries can keep the software lightweight and HTML5 is needed to be used
instead of Apache Flex. Common technologies is needed to be used for example jquerry and
HTML5 that can be provided by the web browser to run the accounting information system.
6. Business continuity plan
The business continuity plan is developed for maintaining business functionality and
resuming them in case of any natural disaster or malicious attacks. The procedures and
instructions are needed to be documented such that it can be used for covering the assets,
business process, business partner and human resources of the organization. The disaster
recovery plan is quite similar with the business continuity plan but it is a part of the business
continuity plan10. Business continuity plan critical for the company for performing different types
of recovery solutions and handle different types of incidents for increasing the confidence of the
customer. The areas of vulnerability of the current business process is needed to be identified for
the development of the business continuity plan and eliminate the risk of potential loss in the
business.
9 D Rosdini & H Ritchi, "On the Enteprise-Wide Accounting System Adoption: Study of the Information System
Successfulness Case of Indonesia", in SSRN Electronic Journal, , 2017.
10 A VYSOTSKAYA, "Can an Accounting Information System Substitute an Accountant?", in Advanced Business
and Finance, vol. 1, 2016, 3.

9
PROJECT AND PROGRAM INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
7. Performance metrics and KPIs
Key performance indication is used as a measurable value for the demonstration of the
effectiveness of a company achieving the business objectives. The KPIs are used by the
organization for the evaluation of success and reach the target objectives of the business. It also
helps in effectiveness of the company for achievement of key objectives in the business and
spanning across the industry, individual task and departments11. The evaluation of the KPIs are
done for a specific time period and they are needed to be compared with the previous
performance metrics for identification of the growth of the organization.
Discuss acquisition processes of the proposed IS System using some concepts such as SDLC
etc.
For the development of the accounting information system the system is needed to be
defined along with the components such as hardware, software or both. Each of the system is
needed to go through a development life cycle and thus some methodology is needed to be
selected for providing necessary framework and guiding the challenging and complex process.
The errors and mistakes are needed to be eliminated with the implementation of system
development lifecycle and defining the organizational policy and constraint. There is a beginning
and end of the cycle and the methodology that is inherited in the SDLC helps in providing a clear
and distinctive idea for defining the phases of work for different elements such as planning,
designing, testing, deployment and maintenance12. Since the requirement for the development of
accounting information system is uncertain Agile methodology is applied that supports the
changes in the requirement and delivering a quality product aligning the business needs.
11 O Yigitbasioglu, "Firms’ information system characteristics and management accounting adaptability",
in International Journal of Accounting & Information Management, vol. 24, 2016, 20-37.
12 P Sharma & D Singh, "Comparative Study of Various SDLC Models on Different Parameters", in International
Journal of Engineering Research, vol. 4, 2015, 188-191.

10
PROJECT AND PROGRAM INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
Conclusion
From the above report it can be concluded that the requirement specification report is
developed for analyzing the purpose of the developed information system. The system features
that are needed to be included in the information system is needed to be defined. A list of
functional requirement and non-functional requirement is identified and documented in the
report. A software development lifecycle methodology is selected for the development of the
information system. The document helps in defining the functionality of the system for the
intended group of users and the scope of development of the system. A description of the system
is given and it helps in identification of external factors that can have an influence on the system
and the software modules that can be used for reuse.

11
PROJECT AND PROGRAM INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
Part 3: Test Plan
1. Introduction
The test plan is developed for analyzing the functionality and proper working of the
accounting information system. It helps in verification of the enhancements that can be
implemented as mentioned in the requirement specification document.
2.1. Interaction of the team
The level of team interaction needed for having a successful information are given below:
 The tester would work with the development team for achievement of highest quality in
interface design depending on the specification of the customer. They are responsible for
execution of test cases and highlighting the quality issues in the early stages of
development lifecycle.
 The test team would work with the development team for determining that the developed
information system meets the standards for completion. If the testing area is not
acceptable the completion date is needed to be extended such that enough time is
available for the developer for fixing the issue and stabilize the area
3. Objectives
The document has the objective of establishing a test plan for the accounting information
system. A description is given for the test scripts that are used by the system tester and the test
plan is combined with the test scripts for the development of system test specification and
defining the test that is needed to be conducted for analyzing the functionality of the system. The
errors found in the system is needed to be identified and documented such that it can be
eliminated for increasing the efficiency of the information system. The bugs related with the