Analysis of IKEA's Business Strategy: Macro and Micro Environments

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of IKEA's business strategy, examining the impact of the macro environment through PESTLE analysis, stakeholder analysis, and the application of Porter's Five Forces model. The report assesses IKEA's internal environment and capabilities using SWOT and VRIO analyses to evaluate its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, as well as its resources. It explores IKEA's mission, vision, and objectives, and discusses how the company adapts to political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental factors. Furthermore, the report highlights IKEA's strategies for gaining a competitive advantage in the furniture and home accessories market, and its approach to customer satisfaction and stakeholder management. The report concludes with an overview of the strategic directions available to IKEA, drawing on the application of various business theories, concepts, and models.

BUSINESS-
STRATEGY

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
Impact and influence of macro environment on organisation and its business strategies...........1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
Assessment of internal environment and capabilities.................................................................5
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
Evaluation of a given market by applying Porter's Five Force Model.......................................8
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................11
Applying of theories, concepts, models to understand and interpret strategic directions
available to a company..............................................................................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
Reference.......................................................................................................................................12
Books & Journal............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Business strategy can be denoted as a set of competitive norms which are used by
business to attract customers, strengthen their performance, get a competitive advantage and
finally helps in achievement of organizational objectives. It basically outlines what should be
done by the company and way in which various task have to be planned and initiated are
discussed in planning of business strategy. This report is based on IKEA which is a multinational
giant deals in retailing of furniture, home accessories & Kitchen related appliances. It was started
in 1934 and founded by Ingvar Kamprad. It is having presence in 48 countries across world. Its
first store was opened in Smaland in year 1958 and then they expanded in Europe and other
different countries. IKEA believes in satisfying household furniture need of their segment of
customers which they re targetting in different countries where they are having their stores
located. This report consists of influence of macro environment on company and in forming its
strategies, assessing internal environment of business, application of porters five force model,
and lastly various concepts , theories and models are applied so that company can get directions
in which they have to plan their actions(Morton, Wilson and Cooke, 2015). .
TASK 1
Impact and influence of macro environment on organisation and its business strategies
 Mission:- IKEA has a mission that they want to offer wide range of home furnishing
items with good design, better quality, durability and function. At same time they want to
offer such products at low prices.
 Vision:- Vision of this company is to create a better everyday life for their customers.
 Objectives:- The company has laid objectives that they want to reach different parts of
world, they are focussing on giving price based competition to their existing competitors
who belong to this industry.
PESTLE analysis: this analysis will provide detailed information of IKEA about the external
analysis of this company. External analysis is very important to be done for companies to
understand implications of such plans on decision making of company. This tool helps in
understanding overall impact of macro environment on company. Below mentioned is the
external analysis of IKEA:
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 Political:- political factors prevailing in a country also affect a company, supply chain
disruption prevailing in UK is a issue which is faced by IKEA. They are planning to
enter Asian market but they have to deal with lot of complexities, huge part of this
company is present in the European market and political instability present there is going
to effect supply chain activities of IKEA(Rasula, Vuksic and St,2016).
 Economic:- countries which are having emerging economies help in growth of company
as a whole. It was because of the recession situation worldwide that IKEA faced decline
in their overall sales. In 2007 recession situation had a serious impact on company's sales
and their profits dropped but after that comply tries to overcome from such situation by
adopting new strategies Prices of products were not managed properly and there were
losses of jobs by the people who were working in this company. With the economic
situations getting stable this brand is having better profits and higher sales.
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 Social:- Social factors have a impact on business and their profits. Every country has its
own culture and people living their actually affect company's sales. Such activities are
very important for companies in analysing these social factors as this will help them in
increase in their sales, as people will be able to get products according to their
requirement and demand. IKEA has also been able to successfully analyse the
requirements in terms of home furnishing in the country where they are having presence.
 Technological:-IKEA is focussing on providing a different and unique experience to
their customers. Customer expectation from this brand has risen a lot and they have to
meet those expectations otherwise this will effect company brand image. Cognitive
intelligence and artificial intelligence are two factors which IKEA is planning to adopt in
their operations to provide better experience to their customers.
 Legal:- Legal regulations always posses a threat for companies. For IKEA also this
company is affected by laws such as labour laws. There are some cases in which IKEA
has been involved such as people facing serious issues because of their furniture which
has caused death of people, such issues have a negative effect on company's overall
reputation in market.
 Environmental factor:- sustaining in the market for long term is very important for all
companies. This is tool which will help them in reducing their cost which will help IKEA
in maintaining their overall profit margin and at same time offering of products at
reasonable prices.
IKEA is a furniture brand they deal in providing affordable priced furniture at high
quality. PESTLE analysis of IKEA will help them in dealing with complex situations present in
the macro environment and affects business in its internal management and strategic decision
making(Pasquinelli, 2014).
Stakeholder Analysis
Stakeholders are those people who directly or indirectly affect actions of an organization. It is
very essential for every company that they are able to recognize the needs of various stakeholder
and take care of their need.
Stakeholder Influence on IKEA
Customers Most of customers of IKEA re very loyal,
which means that with time company has been
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successfully able to build up brand loyalty
because of the quality and variety which they
offer in furniture is different and unique from
other competitors in market.
Suppliers IKEA believes in building up of long term
relationships with its various suppliers because
they know that it is the suppliers who are
responsible for smooth functioning and
manufacturing activities of company. They can
help company in having a cost advantage over
its competitors.
Governments Government of every country is one of most
important stakeholders which have to be taken
care of by them. For IKEA also they have to
adhere to all rules and laws which are formed
by government of the country where they are
having their presence. From government point
also they try to support such companies as if
they will be able to earn high profits then it is
also beneficial for them as higher profits lead
to high payment of tax which increases
revenue for government. This also helps in
growth of economy of country.
shareholders Shareholders are most important stakeholders
of every company. In case of IKEA also,
shareholders are actually responsible for
providing investment to company. This finance
is needed so that all functions take place
without any interruptions and company are
able to attain their laid objectives.
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Employees They are one among the internal stakeholders
of company. IKEA believes in sharing growth
with their employees this is reason why they
always share their profits in forms of bonus,
apart from that they also give timely
promotions, incentives, various monetary
benefits so that employees are always
motivated and give their best in growth of
company.
Above discussed all stakeholders are very important for companies as they all help in
smooth functioning of company and its operations. For achievement of overall objectives also
such stakeholders play a very important part. IKEA as a big brand has always laid emphasis on
keeping their stakeholders happy and satisfied they also share company's growth with all their
stakeholders.
TASK 2
Assessment of internal environment and capabilities
SWOT analysis:
Strength Weakness
 Ikea is having a reputation in the
market that they are dealing in furniture
which is of good quality and is
available at reasonable process
 They posses a vast network of stores
which are ultra modern
 They use integrated approach in their
manufacturing and supply chain
 Ikea is having growing structure and
profit is rising each passing year.
 Stores of Ikea are mostly located far
from the it which is sometimes
inconvenient for people to visit there
very frequently.
 They take very high lead time in
planning for their new stores.
 Ikea is having a standard portfolio of
products throughout all its stores
 company has faced many issues and
controversies related to durability and
safety of furniture they are dealing in.
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Opportunities Threats
 There can be expansion done for
manufacturing of furniture at low cost
so that products can be offered at more
reasonable prices
 with growing popularity of e-
commerce, such technology should be
used by the company in promotion and
marketing of their products.
 There are entry barriers in new markets
which company is willing to enter.
 Being in the furniture industry there are
so many law and regulation which they
have to adhere.
 They face price based competition and
also there are short of diversification
strategies on part of company.
VRIO analysis: VRIO framework is used by companies to evaluate their weakness and
strength. This is a laid framework which is used by companies to do evaluation on four basic
aspects which includes value, rarity, inimitable and organization. Four resources of IKEA which
are human resource, global presence, cost strategy, differentiation strategy.
 Valuable: Above discussed four resources are valuable for company in a way that human
resource IKEA will not able to execute its single function. Global presence offers
opportunity to company that they are able to reach large number of customers and make
aware about their products. Cost strategy is also a strength of IKEA which they use to
occupy a distinct position in market. Another strategy used by IKEA is differentiation
strategy where they are offering some different features such a company provides a
whole different experience to their customers in form of kids zone, restaurants etc. this
helps company in getting differentiation advantage.
 Rare: Global presence is not a rare concept as there are many competitors such as wal-
mart which is having global presence. Differentiation strategy is unique as no other
furniture brand is offering this unique feature to their customers. Cost strategy is also
used by IKEA in their products by offering them at affordable prices which no other
brand can offer. Human resource of IKEA is also a strength of this company as they
believe in having a trained and competent workforce. This is also a rare characteristic of
IKEA(Morton, Wilson and Cooke, 2015).
 Imitable: Global presence and human resource are something which can be seen to
be present in other companies similar to IKEA. Differentiation strategy and cost strategy
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are two different features which are not possible to be copied by any other company
which is dealing in furnitures.
 Organization: All resources have to be organized by the company to ensure smooth
functioning. Human resource, global presence and cost strategy resources which are
present in all companies, but IKEA should focus on its differentiation strategy. This is
the characteristic which has helped company in gaining a competitive advantage in
market.
Resource Valuable Rare inimitable organized
Human resource yes yes
Global presence yes
Cost strategy yes yes yes
Differentiation
Strategy
yes yes yes yes
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TASK 3
Evaluation of a given market by applying Porter's Five Force Model
This is a model which is used by companies to analyse five forces externally present in the
environment which have an effect on company and its operations. This model is very helpful for
companies and assists them in making analysis What are various threats which are present in
macro environment and can affect the company, its functioning, profitability, growth, overall
sales growth in negative way(Milovanovic, 2015).
Bargaining power of buyer:Customers of UK are the most important customer base for
IKEA the reason behind this is that they entered this market initial stages of company. Customers
of IKEA are those generally who are like travelling abroad, willing to take risk by trying
something new, are having a belief that they can early adopt trendy technologies of consumer
etc. Company's management believes that customers can be satisfies if they will provide best
quality in their products. They have focused on a marketing approach which can identify needs
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of their customers and then sell their furniture. Targeted group is the people who are looking for
household furniture at reasonable prices and of good quality. Customers posses high bargaining
power as there are many competitors of IKEA which provide variety of furniture at good prices.
Bargaining power of supplier: IKEA is having a chain of 1074 suppliers which are
present in 55 countries. They follow a low pricing strategy which means that they have to
maintain good relationship with their suppliers. Good and long term relationships help company
in reducing the bargaining power of their suppliers. If there will be high bargaining power then it
can posses threat for company in terms of its reduced profit and interruptions in their overall
network of supply chain. They attempt to maintain healthy relationship with their suppliers
which ensures that they both are mutually benefited. This helps company in having long term
relationship with their suppliers(Linn, Sanden and Piekkari, 2018).
Threats of new entrant:- IKEA has a very unique concept and they have a established
brand name. IKEA is having presence in countries, such as united kingdom. Such countries offer
a market for many new brands who are willing to establish. This is reason why there is great
possibility of new companies to enter such markets. Price penetrations as a strategy can be used
by new companies to give competition to IKEA. T5hsi may lead to attracting of new segment of
customers.
Threat of substitute:- IKEA is a brand which has to be always very careful that their
products cannot be easily substituted. This is reason why this brand always makes attempts to
use latest trends and technology in their products. Also, they believe in some new innovations
which can help this company in attracting new customers. Some of competitor of IKEA includes
Wal-mart, Office depot which are also providing low cost furniture, IKEA should make attempts
that their sales are not affected because of such brands(Lee, 2014).
Rivalry within market:- IKEA has always made efforts to attain a competitive edge in
market. They are functioning in a extremely competitive environment where there are many
companies who are offering wide range of variety furniture and at adequate quality. IKEA as a
brand has been very successful in entering those markets which are very competitive such as
markets of japan and china. Positioning is a strategy which has been adopted by IKEA since its
initial stages, as they always laid emphasis on fulfilment of all expectations of their target
customers which offered them a distinct position in market.
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Above mentioned were some of the aspects on which porter's five force model is based on and
this has a effect on IKEA.
Ans-off's growth vector matrix:-
It is a strategic management tool which company uses to plan their future development
and growth strategies. Ansoff matrix basically consists of four different strategies which is used
to support in overall functioning of a business(Lee and Smith, 201). IKEA has also used this
model to analyse four strategies and then according to that select the most appropriate strategy
which can be adopted by the company. Below four strategies from point of IKEA has been
discussed:
Market Penetration:- This is a strategy which is used by many companies in this they
focus on using exiting products and they try to expand themselves in the existing market where
company is presently operating. Existing customer base is used in this strategy. Quality or low
price these are two key features on which company makes efforts to gain attention of their
existing customer base. As popularity of the product increases because of either price or quality
standards being offered there is increase in sale of the products(Kohtamäki and et. al.,
2012)emberger, 2012)(Ritter, and Andersen, 201)(Rowlinson, Hassard and Decker, 2014)
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