Research Report: Immigration's Impact on Socio-Economic Inequality

This research report investigates the relationship between immigration rates and socio-economic inequality in developed nations. The study begins with an introduction highlighting the increasing issue of wealth inequality and the role of immigration. The project objectives are to analyze and compare this relationship, focusing on the social and economic disparities caused by rising immigrant populations. The scope encompasses literature reviews, identifying gaps, and concluding findings. The literature review explores various factors contributing to socio-economic inequality, including education, social culture, and the financial sector, with an emphasis on the impact of immigration. The research design employs qualitative and quantitative methodologies, including data collection through questionnaires and secondary sources. Limitations include time constraints. The conclusion reiterates the direct and indirect impacts of immigration on socio-economic equilibrium, with a focus on the inequality stemming from the increase in immigrant populations. The report also highlights the literature gaps and proposes future research directions to balance the socio-economy of developed nations and improve international relations.

Business Research

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
PROJECT OBJECTIVE..................................................................................................................1
PROJECT SCOPE...........................................................................................................................1
LITERATURE REVIEW...............................................................................................................1
LITERATURE GAPS......................................................................................................................3
RESEARCH QUESTION................................................................................................................3
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY...........................................................................3
RESEARCH LIMITATIONS .........................................................................................................5
TIME SCHEDULE(RESEARCH PLAN) ......................................................................................6
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................7
REFERENCE LIST ........................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Wealth and economical inequality is a major issue faced by different countries and main
reason of these inequality are change in social culture, democratization of education, tax policies,
rise in financial sector etc. But the main reason behind this inequality is increase in rate of
immigrants (Schwendicke and et. al., 2015). This research focuses over immigrant peoples that
move to developed nation for further studies and for getting employment as well which
negatively affect socio-economic of developed nations. Main aim of project is to determine the
relationship between socio-economic inequality and immigrants rate. Scope of this project is to
perform literature review, identify the literature gaps and conclude the findings.
PROJECT OBJECTIVE
Objective of project is to analyse and compare the relationship between the socio-
economical inequality and immigrants rates. This project focuses on social and economic
inequality due to rise in immigrant rate in different countries.
PROJECT SCOPE
Project scope is identified as an effective part of project planning that help in determining
the list of project goals, tasks, function, ultimately costs and deadlines. The project scope mainly
emphasis on the social inequalities due to the maximum rates of economic factors and the
immigrants which are important to survive in the community (Pickett and Wilkinson, 2015).
There are different factors including health, education, sex and so forth. The social factors
considered by the many others factors which requires a further investigation in the upcoming
research. This investigation is limited or controlled with the economic and social factors.
LITERATURE REVIEW
According to Schwendicke, 2015; wealth and income inequality is one of the major
socio-economic issue faced by US. Factors which are responsible for socio-economic inequality
is change in education, social culture, rise in financial sector, exploitation rents etc. Apart from
this, main reason behind this inequality is immigration rate. According to Pickett and Wilkinson,
2015; Immigration is an important force that contribute in income and wealth inequality in
developed countries. The immigration rate is rapidly increasing from past few decades which
constitute a great friction of population, hence it is important for both labour market as well as
economies.
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According to Brettell and Hollifield, 2014; people from developing nation are
continuously migrating to develop nation for their educational or career purpose. Rise in
immigration rate is continuously increasing the population of country which develop various
socio-economic issue. Immigrants in developing country increase the unemployment rate, as
labour sector of US tries to substitute American workers by agreeing on working over low wage.
According to Reich, 2017; immigrants get more employment chances than native worker which
is the main reason behind inequality.
According to Dabla-Norris and et. al., 2015; increase in percentage of immigrants is
directly linked with decrease in restrictions attitudes. There is public controversies for
immigration policies which describe about contradiction among nation's integration process,
globalization and nation-state system. According to Eriksson and Kovalainen, 2015, Immigration
have direct relationship with socio-economic issues, as increase in number of immigrant reduces
the restricted attitudes within community of developed nation. Middle-income people poses more
restrictive attitude as compared to low-income people, whereas high-income individuals have
less restrictive attitudes as compare to middle-income people.
According to Bryman and Bell, 2015; middle class individuals are major economical
threat for immigrant policy of nation and high-income peoples are minimizing the anti-
immigration segments within developing country. According to Easterby-Smith, Thorpe and
Jackson, 2015, middle-income people of developed nation have more insecurity toward
immigration rate and also poses negative attitude toward this segment. The attitude among
immigrant of low wages in developing nation, threaten the native employees of developed
nation. Native employees are middle income people whereas immigrants are low income people.
According to Spieth, Schneckenberg and Ricart, 2014, middle income natives express
insecurity toward immigrants because people move from developing countries to developed
nation, agrees to work over low income which has increase the unemployment rate. This has
reduces the chance of getting job for native workers. Thus it has been clear that increasing rate of
immigrants in country shares a direct relation with socio-economic inequalities. According to
Wagemann, Buche and Siewert, 2016, immigration rate moderately affect the socio-economic
factor of developed nation. As per the evaluation performed by author on impact of immigration
rate over labour market state that increase in immigrants leads to competitive labour market with
marginal pricing. According to Xu, Poon and Chan, 2014, social welfare changes and
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equilibrium issues are consider as major resultant of immigration rate. It involves some major
issues such as bargained wages, self-employment by native workers, job creation.
As per the view point of Eriksson and Kovalainen, 2015, unemployment benefits
proportion to wages overdraw the positive effect and equal employment opportunity can also
bring positive outcomes by properly utilizing the productive abilities of immigrants. According
to Bryman and Bell, 2015, by creating equal amount of employment opportunity among natives
and immigrants will be helpful in generating welfare gain. The attitude of immigrant employee
to work over low income is an opportunity for businesses to employ skilled people at relatively
lower income which help in raising the economy of native and provide employment
opportunities to immigrants.
LITERATURE GAPS
The main gap found in literature review is that how the socio-economy of developed
nation can be balance instead of increasing immigration rate. The increase in number of
immigrants is also essential for improving international relations. Therefore, it is suggested to
identify how the relationship between socio-economy equilibrium and immigration rate in
different countries can be improved.
RESEARCH QUESTION
Primary:-
Question: Identify the relationship between immigration rate and socio-economic inequality?
Secondary:-
Question:
How socio-economy of developed nation can be balanced despite of increasing immigration
rate?
How the relationship between immigration rate and socio-economic equilibrium can be
improved in different countries?
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
Qualitative research:- This research is conducted to develop an understanding related to
opinion, thought and motivation (Brettell and Hollifield, 2014). Qualitative research develop an
insight of problem or help in creating ideas or hypothesis for quantitative research.
Process of quality research: There are some main steps which are included in the process
of quality research. Some are shown as under:
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 Analysis research questions
 Design the study
 Collecting accurate amount of information from the respondents.
 Analysing information or data.
 Generating findings
 Validating findings Report
Approaches to reliability and validity: Reliability is refers to the level to which the similar
answers can be get applying the same instruments or ways more than one time. Validity of
research project can be determined as a level at which needs of scientific research approach have
been applied during the activity of generating findings of research in an effective manner.
Sampling and Sample size: It is identify as an essential aspect of the research in which
sample is taken from entire population. There are mainly two types of sampling methods
including Probabilistic and Non-probabilistic. As per this research topic, Non-probabilistic
method has been taken because it is a easy and cost effective technique for the investigator. The
size of sample is taken as 30 respondents.
Data collection method: For collecting accurate and relevant amount of information,
there are fundamentally two approaches which will be followed in the research project, one is the
primary source and the other is the secondary method. Under primary information, researcher
will make a questionnaire which will support in achieving proper information from the
respondents (Reich, 2017). On the other hand, in case of the secondary source, magazines,
books, journals, publication research will be used which will also assist the investigator to
assemble the information about the immigration rates and socio-economic inequality which is
needed to be executed by the business entity.
Quantitative research: This approach consist of statistical information and it covers its
evaluation. It follows different statistical data and information for some of the main purposes
(Dabla-Norris and et. al., 2015).
Process of the quantitative research design: It is another important part of the research
which includes main steps and process are determined as under:
 Theory
 Hypothesis
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 Research design
 Devise measures of concepts
 Select research site
 Data collection
 Analysis and interpretation
 Drawing conclusion Report writing
Research instrument: It is identified as a tool of measurement like questionnaire or
scales (Easterby-Smith, Thorpe and Jackson, 2015). It is essential and important for the
researcher to analysis relevant information and data from the respondents.
Quantitative data analysis process: In order to analysis quantitative data, researcher need
to follow some steps which are determined as under:
 Preparing the data and information for analysis
 Conducting the data analysis
 Reporting the results Interpreting the results
Interviewing and questionnaire design: Questionnaire implies a way of consisting of a
printed or written series of multiple choice question. On the other hand interview is identify as a
formal conversation between the respondents and interviewer wherein the two person take part in
the question answer round (Eriksson and Kovalainen, 2015). In this research, researcher prepare
a questionnaire because it provide relevant and accurate data from the respondents.
RESEARCH LIMITATIONS
In this research, there are certain limitations and issue which are witnessed at the period
of conducting research activities. Beside this time is observe as a main limitation which
influence on researcher while completing each and every activities of research (Bryman and Bell,
2015). The research topic is huge and for acquiring the appropriate response, specific time period
is highly needed. So it can be determine that time given for the project is less as compare to
duration taken by each activity within research.
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TIME SCHEDULE(RESEARCH PLAN)
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CONCLUSION
From the above given report, it can be concluded that increase in immigration rate have
both direct as well as indirect impact over the socio-economic equilibrium in various countries.
This report more focuses toward the increase in socio-economic inequality due to the rise in
immigration rate. This increase in rate strengthen the immigrants over native peoples which is
the main cause behind socio-economic inequality.
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REFERENCE LIST
Books & Journals
Schwendicke, F. and et. al., 2015. Socioeconomic inequality and caries: a systematic review and
meta-analysis. Journal of dental research. 94(1). pp.10-18.
Pickett, K. E. and Wilkinson, R. G., 2015. Income inequality and health: a causal review. Social
science & medicine. 128. pp.316-326.
Brettell, C. B. and Hollifield, J. F., 2014. INTRODUCTION Migration Theory Talking Across
Disciplines. In Migration theory (pp. 13-48). Routledge.
Reich, M., 2017. Racial inequality: A political-economic analysis (Vol. 4883). Princeton
University Press.
Dabla-Norris, M. E., and et. al., 2015. Causes and consequences of income inequality: a global
perspective. International Monetary Fund.
Bryman, A. and Bell, E., 2015. Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA.
Eriksson, P. and Kovalainen, A., 2015. Qualitative methods in business research: A practical
guide to social research. Sage.
Easterby-Smith, M., Thorpe, R. and Jackson, P. R., 2015. Management and business research.
Sage.
Spieth, P., Schneckenberg, D. and Ricart, J. E., 2014. Business model innovation–state of the art
and future challenges for the field. R&d Management. 44(3). pp.237-247.
Wagemann, C., Buche, J. and Siewert, M. B., 2016. QCA and business research: Work in
progress or a consolidated agenda?. Journal of Business Research. 69(7). pp.2531-
2540.
Xu, N., Poon, W. P. and Chan, K. C., 2014. Contributing institutions and authors in international
business research: A quality-based assessment. Management International Review.
54(5). pp.735-755.
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