The Impact of Cyberbullying on Psychological Health and Coping Styles

This psychology report investigates the impact of cyberbullying on psychological health and coping styles. The study examines the relationship between cyberbullying experiences and mental health outcomes, including depression and anxiety. The research involved 223 participants, primarily young adults, and utilized surveys to assess cyberbullying experiences, self-esteem, depression, anxiety, and coping mechanisms. The report presents descriptive statistics, hypothesis testing, and correlation analysis to explore the associations between cyberbullying, emotional and problem-focused coping styles, and psychological distress. The findings indicate a significant relationship between cyberbullying and mental health, emphasizing the negative impact of cybervictimization on individuals' well-being. The study also explores the role of emotional coping styles in the presentation of depressive symptoms among those experiencing cyberbullying.

PSYCHOLOGY

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Hypothesis...................................................................................................................................2
Research question........................................................................................................................2
Method and results...........................................................................................................................2
Partcipants....................................................................................................................................2
Materials......................................................................................................................................2
Analysis.......................................................................................................................................3
Discussion........................................................................................................................................8
Psychological factors and never and single category..................................................................8
Psychological factors and never and repeated category..............................................................9
Psychological factors and singal and repeated category..............................................................9
Coorelation analysis...................................................................................................................10
Depression and emotional coping..............................................................................................10
Limitation of study and future research.....................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Cyber bulling is the one of new term that is buzzing in psycology domain. In past couple
of years communication through use of online medium of communication increse. People share
their personal and emotional feelings on social media and also treathen each other. Cyberbulling
reflect situation under which one use abusing language and threat others due to which relevant
entity feel tension and depresion. In past time period many researches were carried out and in
them relationship is identified between cyberbulling and anxiety and depression level that
individuals face Campbell, M. and et.al., (2012). In many researches significent association is
obtained between cybervictimization and depression that is observed among adolescents. More
cybervictimization observed among sample units there was high level of depression among
individuals. 93% respondents in research stated that cybervictimization have negative impact on
them in terms of sadness, hopelessness and feeling of powerless (What is cyberbullying, 2017.).
In a research conducted on Swiss and Ausralian students it was identified that cybervictimization
define variance in depression symptoms among adults. If traditional mode of victimization is not
taken in to account then in that case also there was high depression level among students due to
cyberbulling. Thus, on the basis of past researches it can be said that whatever threat that people
receive on social media from people to large extent affect anxiety, depression and self esteem
level among them. More on online platform one observe negative conditions probability of
increase in anxiety level increased.
Stress and anxiety that individual face may be related to emotions and more focus on
problem. Some times individuals whatever threat they receive on social platform become more
focused on emotions. They start thinking that why some one behave in abusing manner with
them. Such kind of wrong emotions have negative impact on human brain. More an individual
focus on emotions anxiety level will increase Machmutow, K. and et.al., (2012). On social media
when one consistently receive negative message its emotions hear to large extent and this
negatively affect it. On other hand, there are many sort of resarchers who think that emotion
problem based coping create a lot of solutions for an individuals. This is because when one
receive threat from individuals many times it start focusing on problem Kowalski, R. M. and
et.al., (2014). Due to this reason one take too much tension and feel stress as well as depression
but also identify solution of problem. Thus, it can be said that emotion based coping and problem
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based coping have positive impact on the stress and anxiety level of individuals. Hence,
cyberbulling have significent impact on human psycology.
Aim of study: The research study aims at identifying significent impact that cyeberbulling have
on the physiological health and enotion focused based coping styles as well as problem focused
coping styles.
Data visualization
Chart is clearly reflecting that number of respondents in repeated category are much higher than
single and never category. Number of people observe harassment through prank call is relatively
high.
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It can be seen from chart that in case of insult on instant messaging there is no large difference
across never and single category but in case of repeated category number is quite high. It can be
said that there are large number of respondents that observe harassment through messaging.
Chart given above is clearly reflecting that in case of harassment that takes place through videos
that contain violent scene there is not large difference in case of people that never face such kind
of harassment and single as well as repeated category. Number of respondents are equally
distributed across these groups.
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Descriptive statistics
Descriptive Statistics
N Minimu
m
Maximu
m
Mean Std.
Deviation
1. Nasty text messages 224 1 3 1.40 .551
2. Phone photos/videos
of violent scene 224 1 2 1.05 .226
3. Phone photos/videos
of intimate scene 224 1 3 1.11 .356
4. Silent/prank phone
call 224 1 3 1.51 .649
5. Nasty or rude email. 224 1 3 1.17 .435
6. Insults on websites 224 1 3 1.34 .592
7. Insults on instant
messaging 224 1 3 1.25 .527
8. Insults in chatrooms 224 1 3 1.11 .351
9. Insults on blogs 224 1 3 1.12 .411
10. Unpleasent
photos/videos posted on
websites.
224 1 3 1.17 .449
Please specify your
gender 223 1 2 1.24 .429
Please specify your age
in years 223 17 39 21.02 4.574
SELFEST 224 1.00 4.00 2.9742 .65619
DEPRESS 224 1.00 5.00 2.2059 .89791
ANXIETY 224 .92 5.00 1.9211 .91461
PCOPE 224 1.06 3.94 2.2910 .54891
ECOPE 224 1.00 3.13 1.7771 .45603
VICTLEV 224 1.00 3.00 1.8304 .71359
Valid N (listwise) 223
Hypothesis
Cyberbulling and psycological health outcome
H0: No big gap exist between CB and mental condition.
H1: Big gap exist between CB and mental condition.
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CB a mental health (depressive symptoms) and a coping style (Emotional coping style)
H0: There is no significent mean difference among mental condition and coping style in respect
to cyberbulling.
H1: There is no significent mean difference among mental condition and coping style in respect
to cyberbulling.
Research question
Does emotional coping style increase the presentation of depressive symptoms in participants who
have experienced high levels of cyberbullying.
Method and results
Partcipants
Partcipants were taken from different collages as youngsters need to be taken as sample
unit in present research. In the present research study. There were 169 females and 54 males.
Proportion of female was 75.4% and same of male was 24.1%. Total there were 223 respondents
in sample. Mean age is 21.02 which means that majority of respondents are of age group of 21.
Standard deviation is 4.57 which means age is not deviating at fast rate.
Materials
Cyberbulling scale
In cyber bulling scale number of size of items is 10 and likert scale is used like never,
only once, two and three times etc.
COPE scale
In case of COPE scale five items are taken but no scale is taken in to account. Hence,
scoring is done in COPE scale. In COPE there are some of variables like self esteem, depression,
anxiety, problem coping and emotional coping as well as victim level. There are no classification
in case of these variables except variable victim level. In case of victim level variable there are
three categories like 1 stand for never, 2 stand for single and 3 stand for repeated factor.
Analysis
H0: There is no big gap between mental condition in respect to never and single category.
H0: There is big gap between mental condition in respect to never and single category.
Statistics
VICTLEV
N Valid 224
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Missing 0
VICTLEV
Frequency Percent Valid
Percent
Cumulative
Percent
Valid
NEVER 79 35.3 35.3 35.3
SINGLE 104 46.4 46.4 81.7
REPEATE
D 41 18.3 18.3 100.0
Total 224 100.0 100.0
Group Statistics
VICTLE
V
N Mean Std.
Deviation
Std. Error
Mean
SELFEST NEVER 79 3.0981 .57689 .06491
SINGLE 104 2.9720 .63028 .06180
ANXIET
Y
NEVER 79 1.8887 .95450 .10739
SINGLE 104 1.9122 .89715 .08797
DEPRESS NEVER 79 2.0876 .79453 .08939
SINGLE 104 2.1442 .86729 .08505
Independent Samples Test
Levene's
Test for
Equality of
Variances
t-test for Equality of Means
F Sig. t df Sig.
(2-
tailed
)
Mean
Differenc
e
Std. Error
Differenc
e
95%
Confidence
Interval of the
Difference
Lower Upper
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SELFEST
Equal
variance
s
assumed
1.702 .19
4
1.39
0 181 .166 .12605 .09072 -.0529
5
.3050
5
Equal
variance
s not
assumed
1.40
6
174.76
7 .161 .12605 .08962 -.0508
3
.3029
4
ANXIET
Y
Equal
variance
s
assumed
.555 .45
7 -.171 181 .864 -.02359 .13765 -.2951
9
.2480
1
Equal
variance
s not
assumed
-.170 162.42
3 .865 -.02359 .13882 -.2977
2
.2505
4
DEPRESS
Equal
variance
s
assumed
.252 .61
6 -.453 181 .651 -.05662 .12487 -.3030
2
.1897
8
Equal
variance
s not
assumed
-.459 174.71
0 .647 -.05662 .12338 -.3001
4
.1869
0
H0: No big gap exist among psychological components in respect to never and repeat category of
victim.
H1: Big gap exist among psychological components in respect to never and repeat category of
victim.
Group Statistics
VICTLEV N Mean Std.
Deviation
Std. Error
Mean
SELFEST
NEVER 79 3.0981 .57689 .06491
REPEATE
D 41 2.7409 .80156 .12518
ANXIET NEVER 79 1.8887 .95450 .10739
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Y REPEATE
D 41 2.0061 .89702 .14009
DEPRESS
NEVER 79 2.0876 .79453 .08939
REPEATE
D 41 2.5902 1.06673 .16659
Independent Samples Test
Levene's
Test for
Equality of
Variances
t-test for Equality of Means
F Sig. t df Sig.
(2-
tailed
)
Mean
Differenc
e
Std. Error
Differenc
e
95%
Confidence
Interval of the
Difference
Lower Upper
SELFEST
Equal
variance
s
assumed
6.005 .016 2.80
5 118 .006 .35725 .12735 .1050
5 .60944
Equal
variance
s not
assumed
2.53
4
62.09
6 .014 .35725 .14101 .0753
9 .63911
ANXIET
Y
Equal
variance
s
assumed
.317 .575 -.652 118 .515 -.11744 .18005 -.4739
9 .23910
Equal
variance
s not
assumed
-.665 85.65
5 .508 -.11744 .17652 -.4683
7 .23348
DEPRESS Equal
variance
s
assumed
5.051 .026 -
2.91
4
118 .004 -.50263 .17248 -.8442
0
-.1610
7
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Equal
variance
s not
assumed
-
2.65
9
63.64
4 .010 -.50263 .18906 -.8803
7
-.1249
0
H0: Big exist does not exist among psychological components in respect to single and repeat
category of victim.
H1: Big exist exist among psychological components in respect to single and repeat category of
victim.
Group Statistics
VICTLEV N Mean Std.
Deviation
Std. Error
Mean
SELFEST
SINGLE 104 2.9720 .63028 .06180
REPEATE
D 41 2.7409 .80156 .12518
ANXIET
Y
SINGLE 104 1.9122 .89715 .08797
REPEATE
D 41 2.0061 .89702 .14009
DEPRESS
SINGLE 104 2.1442 .86729 .08505
REPEATE
D 41 2.5902 1.06673 .16659
Independent Samples Test
Levene's
Test for
Equality of
Variances
t-test for Equality of Means
F Sig. t df Sig.
(2-
tailed
)
Mean
Differenc
e
Std. Error
Differenc
e
95%
Confidence
Interval of the
Difference
Lower Upper
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SELFEST
Equal
variance
s
assumed
2.809 .096 1.83
7 143 .068 .23120 .12586 -.0176
0 .47999
Equal
variance
s not
assumed
1.65
6
60.48
1 .103 .23120 .13961 -.0480
2 .51041
ANXIET
Y
Equal
variance
s
assumed
.000 .987 -.567 143 .571 -.09385 .16543 -.4208
6 .23316
Equal
variance
s not
assumed
-.567 73.33
9 .572 -.09385 .16542 -.4235
2 .23581
DEPRESS
Equal
variance
s
assumed
3.230 .074
-
2.60
8
143 .010 -.44601 .17102 -.7840
7
-.1079
6
Equal
variance
s not
assumed
-
2.38
5
61.93
1 .020 -.44601 .18705 -.8199
2
-.0721
0
Coorelation table
Correlations
SELFES
T
DEPRESS ANXIE
TY
PCOPE ECOPE
SELFEST
Pearson
Correlation 1 -.741** -.511** .271** -.434**
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .000 .000
N 224 224 224 224 224
DEPRESS
Pearson
Correlation -.741** 1 .724** -.104 .460**
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .120 .000
N 224 224 224 224 224
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