Research Report: Employee Attitude and Job Satisfaction in UK Orgs

This research report investigates the impact of employee attitude and job satisfaction on employee motivation and organizational behavior within UK organizations. The report begins with an introduction establishing research questions and objectives, followed by a literature review discussing motivational theories like Maslow's Hierarchy and Herzberg's Two-Factor theory, alongside a critical analysis of the relationship between attitude, satisfaction, motivation, and behavior. The methodology employs a secondary data collection approach. Findings and analysis focus on thematic analysis, highlighting issues with employee attitude and job satisfaction, particularly concerning management practices and organizational culture. The report concludes with recommendations for fostering a supportive working environment, implementing reward and recognition systems, and promoting employee autonomy to enhance motivation and organizational behavior. It emphasizes the importance of positive employee attitudes and job satisfaction for overall organizational success.

Running head: RESEARCH REPORT
Research Report
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author’s Note:

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Executive Summary
The research report has been focused on the impact employee attitude and job satisfaction on the
employee motivation and organizational behavior of the organizations. The research report has
been prepared in a systematic manner for effective gathering information regarding the research
topic. In the introduction section, the research report has established effective research questions
and objectives for collecting the most useful information. In literature review section, the
research report has discussed the theoretical underpinning associated with the topic of the
research. The methodology section has chosen secondary source of data collection for gathering
authentic information regarding the research report. In the findings and analysis section, the
research report has gathered and evaluated most authentic information regarding the research
topic. Lastly, the conclusion section has proved that positive employee attitude and job
satisfaction has positive impact on the employee motivation and organizational behavior. The
recommendation section has provided suitable recommendation for mitigating the issues
highlighted in the research report.

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Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction................................................................................................................................4
1.1 Research Problem..................................................................................................................4
1.2 Research Significance............................................................................................................5
1.3 Aim.........................................................................................................................................5
1.4 Research Objective................................................................................................................5
1.5 Research Question..................................................................................................................6
1.6 Structure of Research Report.................................................................................................6
2.0 Literature Review......................................................................................................................7
2.1 Critiques Around Theory and Concept..................................................................................7
2.1.1 Motivational Theory- Maslow Hierarchy........................................................................7
2.1.2 Motivational Theory- Herzberg Two Factor...................................................................8
2.2 Critical Analysis of Impact Attitude and Job Satisfaction on Employee Motivation and
Organizational Behavior..............................................................................................................9
2.3 Conceptual Framework........................................................................................................10
2.4 Literature Gap......................................................................................................................10
3.0 Methodology............................................................................................................................11
4.0 Findings and Analysis..............................................................................................................12
4.1 Theme Analysis....................................................................................................................12
5.0 Conclusion and Recommendation...........................................................................................16

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5.1 Conclusion...........................................................................................................................16
5.2 Recommendation.................................................................................................................16
5.2.1 Supportive Working Environment................................................................................16
5.2.2 Reward and Recognition...............................................................................................16
5.2.3 Employee Autonomy.....................................................................................................17
Reference List................................................................................................................................18

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1.0 Introduction
Employee job attitude is the set of evaluation regarding one’s job, which constitutes the
beliefs about, feelings towards and attachment of that one towards his/her job. The overall job
attitude shapes the behaviors and feelings of the employees towards their own job role (Lu and
Gursoy 2016). Furthermore, satisfied employees are more likely to be committed towards their
job role for completing their job responsibility successfully. They are always having positive
attitude towards their own job roles as well as overall organizational goals. Hence, such
employees are highly motivated towards putting their best effort to meet the overall
organizational goals (Lazaroiu 2015). This research report will explore the impact of attitudes
and job satisfaction on employees’ motivation at work and the organizational behavior. The
research report will establish effective research question and choose proper methodology for
collecting appropriate research information.
1.1 Research Problem
Positive employee attitude boosts up the intrinsic motivational of the employees towards
their job. Satisfied employees are internally motivated by their own to work hard for fulfilling
their own job roles in proper manner. However, most of the employees of contemporary
organizations in United Kingdom are more likely to put pressure on employees for enhancing
their productivity (Temminck, Mearns and Fruhen 2015). The employees are being unsupportive
and uncooperative with their employees that is actually shaping a negative employee attitude and
leading to employee dissatisfaction.

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1.2 Research Significance
This research report is entirely concentrated on significance of job attitude and job
satisfaction on the motivation and employee behavior of the organizations. It will facilitate the
contemporary business organizations to understand issues associated with the job satisfaction
and motivation level of the employees. Furthermore, the research report can also be an effective
source of secondary information for the further researchers. The employers of UK business
organizations can also learn about the ways of shaping positive employee attitude and increasing
employee satisfaction through this research report.
1.3 Aim
This research report will focus on the Impact of Attitudes and Job satisfaction on
employees’ motivation at work and to the organizational behavior.
1.4 Research Objective
Following are the research objectives:
 To analyze the importance of attitude and job satisfaction To find out the impact of attitude and job satisfaction on employee motivation and
organizational behavior To recommend ways through which employee motivation and organizational behavior
can be strengthened

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1.5 Research Question What is the importance of attitude and job satisfaction? How attitude and job satisfaction impact on employee motivation and organizational
behavior? What are the ways through which employee motivation and organizational behavior can
be strengthened in future?
1.6 Structure of Research Report
Following is the research structure:
Figure 1: Report Structure
(Source: Created by Author)
Conclusion
and
Recommen
dation
Recommending
new ways for
job satisfaction
Findings and
Analysis
Collecting data
from secondary
sources
Analyzing data
through themes
Methodology
Identification of
research tool
Identification of
data collecting
technique
Literature
Review
Theory and
Concept
Critical Analysis
Introduction
Setting problem
and significance
Aim,objective,q
uestion

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2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Critiques Around Theory and Concept
2.1.1 Motivational Theory- Maslow Hierarchy
Employee job attitude is shaped through the work situation of the employees at their
workplaces. The intrinsic job characteristics, behavior of co-workers and supervisors,
promotional scope and empowerment are directly associated with the job attitude and job
satisfaction of the employees. As per Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory, the employee
motivation and behavior of the employees is highly dependent on fulfillment of five hierarchical
needs like Physiological needs, Safety needs, Social needs, Esteem needs and Self-actualization
needs. According to Petrou, Demerouti and Schaufeli (2015), the employees are more like to be
associated with having positive attitude, while psychological needs are fulfilled through
comfortable working condition and reasonable working hours. The employers must have to
provide financial security, job security and health security to the employees for their positive job
attitude. While considering the evidence, it can be seen that Tesco Plc provides attractive health
insurance coverage to the employees for protecting the health of the employees (Albrecht et al.
2015). Hence, the employees of this retail organization have positive and satisfactory job attitude
that motivates them towards fulfilling their job roles effectively.
As per Olafsen et al. (2015), sense of belongingness, intimacy and friendship meet the
social and belongingness needs of the employees. Hence, the employers must be concerned
about creating team work and cooperative work environment for motivating the employees
through positive organizational behavior and collaborative work environment. On the other hand,
Barrick et al. (2015) opined that the employers must account for the esteem needs of the
employees through praising their efforts and providing promotional opportunities. Such factors

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shape an encouraging job attitude of the employee and motivate them to put more effort towards
fulfilling organizational goals. The employees feel high valued and motivated to work harder,
while they are given opportunities to reach at their ultimate potential. In case of Unilever UK, the
managers of the organization allow the employees in organizational decision making process and
consider their opinion in making organizational decision (Fernet et al. 2015). Hence, the
employees have shared a responsible behavior through the autonomy provided by their
employers.
2.1.2 Motivational Theory- Herzberg Two Factor
The job attitude, job satisfaction and employee motivation is highly dependent on
intrinsic and extrinsic job characteristics. Herzberg motivational theory has proposed two types
of factors, which have huge influence on the existence of employee motivation and increasing
the motivational level of the employees. Hygiene factors are extremely important for the
existence of employee motivation at the workplace. Furthermore, motivator factors are extremely
significant for yielding positive satisfaction among the employees. According to Bakker (2015),
competitive pay, fringe benefits, interpersonal relationship, proper working condition and job
security are extremely important for the existence of employee motivation among the employees.
The employees are more likely to shape positive job attitude, while they get competitive salary
package as compared to other organizations. While considering the evidence of John Lewis, it
can be seen that the managers of the organization have fostered teamwork environment at the
workplace for leading collaborative organizational culture. On the other hand, Chan and Mak
(2014) opined that proper recognition, promotional opportunities and responsibility yield
positive job satisfaction for the employees. In case of Monsoon clothing company, the

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organization offers adequate promotional opportunities to the hard working employees. Such
motivators keep the employees highly motivated towards their fulfilling organizational goals.
2.2 Critical Analysis of Impact Attitude and Job Satisfaction on Employee Motivation and
Organizational Behavior
The motivation levels of the employees are closely associated with their feelings,
perception and cognition regarding their jobs. According to Njoroge and Yazdanifard (2014), the
employees having positive attitude for their job role are highly committed to align their
individual goals with the organizational goals. Hence, they can exert their best effort for
achieving overall organizational goals, which will definitely meet their individual goals. On the
other hand, Bakker, Demerouti and Sanz-Vergel (2014) opined that increasing job satisfaction
has high level of influence in the job involvement level of the employees. Moreover, high level
of job satisfaction encourages the employees to perform their job roles in the best manner with
desire and enjoyment. The employees having positive job attitude are not only motivated within
themselves, but also they can motivate their co-workers for increasing their performance level.
The employers must have to be supportive and rewarding to the hard working employees for
leading positive attitude and satisfaction level of the employees (LePine et al. 2016). On other
hand, collaborative working culture shapes encouraging organizational behavior that leads to
high level of employee motivation.

Employee Support
Collaborative Working Environment
Rewards and Recognition
Employee Empowerment
Positive Employee Attitude and Job Satisfaction
Employee
Motivation and
Positive
Organizational
Behavior
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2.3 Conceptual Framework
Figure 2: Conceptual Framework
(Source: Created by Author)
2.4 Literature Gap
From the summary of literature review, it is evident that there are some areas, which are
still uncovered regarding the importance of employee attitude and satisfaction on employee
motivation. This literature review has lack critical penetration that has actually reduced the
quality of overall information assembled in this part. On other hand, there is also lack adequate
of empirical evidences in this literature review for supporting the research topic.

Descriptive Analysis
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3.0 Methodology
According to Lewis (2015), through positivism research philosophy, factual data is
collected from quantifiable sources, which indicates authenticity and unbiased outcome.
Therefore, the same positivism philosophy will be used in this research report. The research will
be completely based on deductive research approach as Choy (2014) pointed out that through
this method data is collected and observed to recommend new ways so that research problem is
addressed. Moreover, Dumay and Cai (2015) pointed out that in secondary data collection
method facts and quantifiable information are collected from empirical article and published
secondary sources. Similarly, in this report data will be accumulated from various online
databases, Google Scholar search engine and authentic websites. Finally, data will be analyzed
using thematic analysis by incorporating data from published electronic sources.
Figure 3: Data Collection and Analysis
(Source: Created by Author)
Websites Electronic
Articles/Books

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4.0 Findings and Analysis
4.1 Theme Analysis
Theme 1: Issues with Employee Attitude and Job Satisfaction of the Employees in UK
Organizations
Positive employee attitude and employee job satisfaction is highly dependent on the
intrinsic job characteristics and behavior of the employers. From the review of UK business
organizations, it can be seen that the attitude of the employees are highly affected by the
situational factors at their workplaces. The managers are not concerned with effective
supervision to the employees for ensuring smooth flow of work progress for the complex jobs
(Raziq and Maulabakhsh 2015). It makes negative attitude of the employees regarding their
supervisors. On the other hand, most of the employers of UK business organizations try to value
the job efforts of the employees through monetary rewards. However, contemporary employees
favor recognition much more than monetary rewards (Breevaart et al. 2016). Therefore, the
employees are quire dissatisfied with lack of proper recognition and value provided to them for
their effort.
The cultural factors of the organizations contribute in shaping the employee attitude and
yielding positive job satisfaction of the employees. While considering the evidence from the
Sainsbury, it can be seen that the managers of the organization are trying into impose
individualism culture on the employees. However, most of the employees favor collaborative
working culture for having cooperative behavior from each other to complete their jobs
successfully (Rayton and Yalabik 2014). Hence, such working environment is leading to
negative employee attitude and decreasing job satisfaction. The employers of UK organizations

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are also reluctant to delegate any authority to the employees regarding their job roles. It is
ultimately resulting in lack of trust between employers and employees.
Theme 2: Impact of Employee Attitude and Job Satisfaction on the Employee Motivation and
Organizational Behavior of UK Organizations
Employee job attitude and job satisfaction is directly associated with employee
motivation and positive organizational behavior of organizations. Uniqueness of jobs, salary,
management political affairs and working environment shapes positive employee attitude and
increased job satisfaction of the employees. However, the employees of UK business
organizations are having negative job attitude regarding their work environment (Barrick et al.
2015). Moreover, the employees are highly dissatisfied with the uncooperative work
environment at their workplace. Such situations are mostly reflected in UK retail industry.
Hence, the employees of UK retail industry are quite de-motivated with their job environment.
Tesco Plc M&S Morrisons
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
2012 2013 2015
Figure 4: Employee Turnover Rate in UK Retailers
(Source: Lazaroiu 2015)

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From the above analysis, it can be seen that employee turnover rates in the UK retail
organizations are increasing on yearly basis. It indicates that the employees are highly de-
motivated to work in their discouraging workplaces. Hence such employees are leaving their
current workplaces leading to increased employee turnover rate in UK retail industry.
Furthermore, employers are incapable of setting clear expectations for the employees on
achieving overall organizational goals. Hence, the employees are not able to shape strong belief
and commitment regarding their job roles. Lack of recognition also discourages the employees of
UK business organizations towards putting their best effort in leading organizational success (Lu
and Gursoy 2016). It is actually decreasing the productivity level of the employees in retails
organizations.
2013 2015 2017
90
82.34
73.45
82.06
90 92.54
70.78
84.67 88.06
Employee Productivity
Figure 5: Comparison of Employee Productivity between Different Sectors of UK
(Source: Petrou, Demerouti and Schaufeli 2018)
From the above figure, it is evident that the employees of UK retail organizations are
being less productive than other sectors like food and beverages and textile business sectors. It

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means that the employees of retail organizations are mostly having negative attitude towards
their jobs as compared with other sectors. Hence, this sector is going through less employee
productivity as compared with other sectors.
Theme 3: Ways to Shape positive Attitude and Job Satisfaction for Increasing Employee
Motivation and Organizational Behavior
United Kingdomn business organizations mostly the retail organization must be
concentrated on fostering positive job attitude and satisfaction for the employees. Moreover, the
managers of the organizations should be supportive enough to the employees for facilitating
them in performing complex jobs. It would lead to positive job attitude among the employees,
which will motivate them towards performing even complex jobs in successful manner (Raziq
and Maulabakhsh 2015). Furthermore, the managers of the retail business organization should
provide adequate value to the employees for their hard work through adequate reward and
recognition. It will increase the job satisfaction level of the employee, which will motivate the
employee to keep their high performance intact with the organizational goals and objectives. On
the other hand, freedom and authority make the employees more responsible for achieving
overall organizational goals (Breevaart et al. 2016). Hence, the managers of the organizations
should provide adequate autonomy to the employees for making them much more responsible for
their own job roles.

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5.0 Conclusion and Recommendation
5.1 Conclusion
While concluding the research report, it can be said that employee attitude and job
satisfaction are directly associated with the employee motivation and organizational behavior of
organization. The employees having positive job attitude are highly motivated to enhance their
performance level of performing their job in a successful manner. On the other hand, highly
satisfied employees are highly committed towards achieving overall organizational goals and
objectives. Hence, the managers of contemporary business organizations must have to build
positive employee attitude and job satisfaction for leading high level of employee motivation and
fostering effective organizational behavior.
5.2 Recommendation
5.2.1 Supportive Working Environment
The managers of United Kingdomn business organizations must be highly supportive to
the employees for helping then in complex job situation. It would lead to collaborative working
relationship between the managers and employees. In this way, the employees would shape a
positive job attitude for their job role, which would definitely motivate them to work hard for
achieving organizational goals.
5.2.2 Reward and Recognition
Job satisfaction and attitude of the employees are highly dependent on the value, which
they are provided for their contribution in organizational success. In such situation, adequate
reward and recognition can prove to be effective for providing actual value to the hard working

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effort of the employees. It would definitely lead to high level of employee job satisfaction and
positive job attitude.
5.2.3 Employee Autonomy
The behavior of the employees is highly dependent on their freedom level that they get in
performing their own job role. Hence, the managers of the organizations should provide adequate
level of employee autonomy so that the employees can take their own decision for completing
their own job. It would make the employees highly responsible for their own jobs, which would
ultimately motivate them towards achieving their jobs efficiently.

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Reference List
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