Flexible Working Hours Influence on Employee Motivation: A Study

This research project examines the impact of flexible working hours on employee motivation within the hospitality sector, with a specific focus on Rosewood Hotel. The study investigates the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on work patterns, the adoption of flexible working strategies, and their influence on employee motivation. The research explores the concept of flexible working hours, analyzes factors affecting employee motivation during the pandemic, and assesses the relationship between flexible work arrangements and motivation levels. The literature review covers various themes, including the definition of flexible working hours, factors affecting employee motivation (such as leadership styles, recognition, and organizational culture), and strategies for enhancing employee motivation in a flexible work environment. The project aims to understand how flexible working hours affect employee motivation and organizational performance, offering recommendations for best practices to improve employee engagement and productivity. The methodology section outlines the research approach, data collection, and analysis methods used to gather insights into the topic.

RESEARCH PROJECT

Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................................................................3
Title..................................................................................................................................................4
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................4
Background..................................................................................................................................4
Aim & Rationale..........................................................................................................................4
Research questions.......................................................................................................................5
Research Objectives.....................................................................................................................5
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW.........................................................................................5
Introduction..................................................................................................................................5
Main body....................................................................................................................................5
Conclusion...................................................................................................................................8
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.............................................................................8
CHAPTER 4: FINDINGS.............................................................................................................10
CHAPTER 5: DISCUSSION & FINDINGS.................................................................................18
CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION and FURTHER IMPLICATION.........18
CONCLUSION..........................................................................................................................18
RECOMMENDATION.............................................................................................................19
FURTHER IMPLICATION......................................................................................................19
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................21
Appendix........................................................................................................................................22

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The aim of the study is to analyses the impact of flexible working hours for employee’s
motivation as well as it helps to improve the performance of the organisation. There is different
type of strategies used by company related to employee’s motivation. Further, analyses the
relationship between flexibles working hours and employee motivation.

Title
To investigate the impact of using flexible working hours upon employee motivation
during covid-19 in hospitality sector UK. A study on Rosewood hotel.
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Background
Business is dynamic in nature that is why different type of challenges faced by
organization during covid-19. Also, hospitality industry is impacted by covid-19 pandemic, not
only related to people in industry but also it is witnessed of significant change such as flexible
working hours' strategy offered by many organizations in order to provide work from home to
employees. There are positive as well as negative impact on employee motivation during
pandemic in hospitality industry. The present study is based on Rosewood Hotel & Resorts is an
international luxury hotel and resort company that operating more than 29 hotels in 17 countries.
Aim & Rationale
Aim-
The aim of the study is to identify the impact of covid-19 on employees' motivation in Rosewood
Hotel.
Rationale-
The reason behind choosing this topic is to understand the impact of covid-19 on
employee motivation during the flexible working hours. In context to Hospitality industry it has
been analysed that it is affected while pandemic in order to face different challenges such as
changing working pattern. At that time industry decided to offered flexible working hours to
employee so that it help to improve their performance also motivating them by providing them
positive culture. This is also considered as the hardiest hit for service oriented sector when Covid
19 impact on its productivity. Further, employee motivation are helps to improve the level of
energy during any time of employees and provide better environment for work. Also, it helps to
different ways to motivate employees and during flexible hours helps in order to increase the
productivity. Also, there is a positive relationship between flexible working hours and employee
motivation so it necessary toss adopt that kind of strategy which help to motivate employees.
This is the best method of completing goal of company in order to focus more on creating
positive environment.

Research questions
I) What is flexible working hours for employees?
II) What are different factor which influence employee motivations during covid-19?
III) What kind of relationship between flexible working hours and employee motivation?
Research Objectives
 To understand the concept of flexible working hours.
 To analyse different factor that influence employee motivations during covid-19.
 To evaluate the relationship between flexible working hours and employee motivation.
 To recommended best strategy for which employee motivation during flexible working
hours.
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
Introduction
Flexible working hours is one of the common strategy that are used by many organisation during
covid-19, in this process employees can work earlier in day and then completed accordingly
before given deadline. There is positive as well as negative impact of flexible working hours on
employee motivation in order to consider some major points such as increased productivity,
reducing stress and burnout, better job satisfaction and improper work life balance etc.
Main body
Theme 1: Analysing concept of flexible working hours.
Groen, Coers and Wtenweerde, 2018 defines that flexible working hours refers to
schedule that are help for allow employee to start and finish their workday when they want. In
any organization work depend on team also they can complete it by achieving goals in order to
complete the task. It has been suggested by author flexible working hours are preferring by
employees as well as company in orders to more focus on work and it helps to enhance their
performance. Flexible time help for enhancing the productivity, stress, job satisfaction and
reduce the level of employees in order to improve the quality of work. Kröll and Nüesch, 2019
conducted study on the basis of work flexibility and then concluded with flexibility in working
that has lot of time and benefits for company. This is also including high performance, decreased
stress, less absenteeism, health improvement. That is why this is beneficial for both employees
and organization. In addition to this, organizational benefit helps to enhanced productivity of
company by completing task on time as well as it helps to provide benefits of less burden and

better work life balance. Today, there are many organizations that are offered flexible workings
hours in which employees work according to their time and try to do at best level.
Davidescu, Paul and Casuneanu, 2020 said that flexible working hours are depended on
policies and practice that are necessary to followed by employee while having freedom of choice
in working in order to meet performance. Also, author clarifies that there are flexible working
hours are provided commitment to work life balance that help to provide satisfaction to
employees. During pandemic, it became trends of providing flexible working hours to employees
in order to focus more on managing the assignment and duties on time. This is also related to
create positive environment which help to provide employee discretion. There are different types
of strategies are followed by employees in order to increase employee engagement. In addition to
this organisation prefers to work in better direction by followings the concept of flexible working
hours in context to improve engagement. Hörning, Gerhard and Michailow, 2018 said that it
helps to improve the flexible workings hours by focusing more on motivation and productivity of
organization.
Theme 2: Identifying different factor which influence employee motivation during covid-19.
There is different type of factor which influence employee motivation during covid-19
and flexible working hours. Fuller and Hirsh, 2019 Autocratic leadership style in organization
are influence employee motivation in negative way because during pandemic employees were
doing work from home. At that time, they were not allowed to open talk with their senior or
management that is why it impacts on employee motivation. On the other hand, in democratic
leadership style employee motivated in terms of suggest their view to management. Also,
recognition and appreciation are two major components that is necessary to consider in
employee’s motivation also it is offering recognition and praise employees in orders focusing on
accomplishment and appreciated.
Spurk and Straub,2020 employee motivated in order to encourage for their performance
also this is positively recognized in order to buy more likely to repeat behaviour and remain
motivation in workplace. Culture of organization also influence employee’s motivation because
when the culture is positive it is help to improve work life by improving performance of
organization. Areas which focus on positivity help employees and compassion towards employee
also it helps to contribute effectively by focusing on company's culture in order to keep
motivated.

Diab-Bahman and Al-Enzi, 2020 during pandemic professional development opportunity help
employees in order to get motivated as well as there are ample of opportunities provided to
employees regarding growth and professional development. There is different type of situation
faced by company in order to focus more on opportunities as well as it help to build increase
their skill during flexible working hours which help to improve performance as Well as it help
employees to get betters opportunity for their work. Also, at that time employee getting job
opportunities while flexible working hours in order to manage their personal work also this is
help to motivate employee by providing them benefit.
Govender Migiro and Kyule, 2018 open communication help employee in order to
provide opportunity of sharing their views as well as it help to manage accordingly in order to
motivate at workplace. Then at that time employee are allowed to talk while work from home.
This is also helped to work on employee engagement in order to provide better opportunity of
work.
Theme 3: Assess the relationship between flexible working hours and employee motivation.
Hayman, 2019 Motivation is the desire to act in service of as goal that is related to crucial
element in order to set objectives also this is related to the driving force behind human
behaviour. This is also related to competition and sparks social connection. In context to
employee’s motivation there is a positive relation with flexible working hours. In order to offers
flexible working hours help to work on boosts morale of employee in order to provide them
benefit of improving physical and mental well-being. Whiles flexible working employee are free
to work according to set their time and get motivated by taking several other benefit.
Bhalla, 2019 suggested that it is necessary to work on flexibility for increasing motivation level
of employee that it help to perform complex task easily by providing them other benefit. Also,
this is help for working in flexible environment is related to paramount to job satisfaction. This is
also helped to getting long term productivity of organization in order to provide benefit by
flexible working hours. Further, it can be said that during pandemic employees are likely to have
work from home and flexible working hours in order to focus on enhance the profitability of
organization by reducing stress level of employees.
Theme: 4 Best strategies for employee motivation during flexible working hours.
There are different types of strategy which help for employee motivation as well as
promote flexible working hours in order to lead higher productivity. Also, by sharing positive

feedback of employees to other help to motivate employees in orders to improve their
performance as well as it help to work on different type of performance which is necessary to
manage. Weeden, 2020 said that it is necessary to use the strategy to provide intrinsic motivation
strategy by rewarding them and provide them promotion it directly help to improve performance
as well as it help to boost their morale. During flexible working hours it is necessary to adopt
that kind of technology which help to improve by providing incentives as well as it help to
engaging behaviour by providing them several benefits.
Cohen and Single, 2020 suggested that to recognizes employee at workplace help to
motivate them while they did good jobs also it helps by praising them in front of others. Also,
provide the facility of taking extra leaves while they do compensatory work that kind of
motivation help to grow employee in order to provide them benefits of recognize. Then it is also
necessary to adopt strategy of sharing positive feedback for employees so that they can improve
their performances as well as it help to provide better opportunity of completing work on time
and effectively.
Conclusion
It has been concluded that flexible working hours are help for motivating employees as
well as it helps to improve their performance while providing them benefits. During pandemic
flexible working hours’ trend increasing in orders providing extras benefit to employees. There is
positive relationship between employee’s motivation and flexible working hours. Also, discussed
different factor which are influence during pandemic for flexible working hours. Further there
are strategy which are need to followed by company in order to focus on motivating employees
such as sharing positive feedback to employees and provide rewards and recognizance so that it
help to improve performance of employee.
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research methodology is defined as the course of action by which researcher completes their
research on specific topic. Also, this is combination of various types of tools and techniques that
are used for selecting and analysing the information about the topic.
Research type-
There are two types of research such as quantitative and qualitative research. Qualitative
research is based on theoretical knowledge and conceptual findings that are collected on the basis
of questionnaire, interview or observations while quantitative research is based on numerical

data that can be gathered on the basis of test, predictions, averages etc. Also, this is collecting
numerical data and then generalizing it across different groups. For the present study scholar use
qualitative research in order to work on the basis of participant’s observations or practice on
particular topic. However, quantitative research is not chosen by scholar because present study is
not based on figures.
Research approach-
Research approach is related to the procedure and plan that are based on broad concept
and details. There are two types of research approach that are related to inductive and deductive.
Inductive research approach is used for developing theory while deductive approach aims at
testing an existing theory. Inductive approach is used by researcher in order to analyse the impact
of Covid 19 on employee's motivation in Rosewood Hotel.
Research philosophy-
Research philosophy is based on belief on the basis of phenomenon that should be gathered,
analysed or used. Interpretive and positivism are two types of research philosophy. Interpretive is
used when study based on qualitative data on the other hand, positivism based on qualitative
data. For the present research scholar will use positivism philosophy because present study is
chosen quantitative research on Employees motivation.
Data collection-
Data collection is referring to the process of analysing, collecting and measuring data or
information that can be find insight of research this is related to test hypothesis, answer research
question and then evaluating outcomes. There are two method of data collection primary and
secondary. In the primary data collection method researcher collection directly through
respondents by interview, survey or questionnaire, this is also called first-hand data while
secondary research is based on second hand data that can be collected by someone else earlier
with the help of government publications, website and journals etc. For the print research both
the method is used in order to get authentic results.
Sampling-
There are two form of sampling probabilistic and non-probabilistic, scholar will use
simple random sampling method in probabilistic method. There will be 20 employees selected in
order to collect their view on employees' motivation in Rosewood Hotel.
Research analysis-

This is the process of inspecting, transforming and modelling and cleansing the data in
order to discover necessary information. SPSS and thematic are two major type of research
analysis. For the present research scholar will use thematic analysis in order to focus more on
interpreting the key finding of project. This also based on themes, chart, graphs etc.
Reliability and validity
this is related to the concept which help for evaluating the quantity of research that
indicate how well techniques, method and test measure something. Also, Present research is
based on authentic finding and technique that will be help for other scholar or professor with
same field. Then all the information collected by reliable sources that are published after 2017.
Then, scholar focus on copyright protected sources for authentic information.
Research limitation
The limitation for present researcher is related to money and other resources while using
thematic analysis. Then, scholar use thematic analysis for analysing the impact of motivation
during pandemic.
Ethical consideration
In context to ethical aspect it can be said that there was consent form filled by respondent
in order to get their permission before taking their response. This is helped for willingly
participated in survey of Rosewood Hotel. Also, response given by respondent are copy from
anywhere and used good communication technique for getting their authentic response. Also,
data protections policy used for not sharing any personal information to others related to survey
or view of respondent.
CHAPTER 4: FINDINGS
Theme 1: Majority of employees are working long with company
Particulars Respondents %
0 to 2 years 3 15%
2 to 5 years 6 30%
More than 5 years 11 55%
total 20 100

Interpretation: From the above graph it has been analysed that majority of employee are
working long with the company. Chosen company for research is related to Rosewood hotel
London. In which maximum of employees have more than 5 years of experience in Rosewood
hotel London.
Theme 2: Employee motivation strategy used by company during pandemic
Particulars
Respondents %
Yes 12 60%
no 6 30%
don't know 2 10%
total 20 100%

Interpretation: From the above graph it has been analysed that majority of employees are
aware of employee motivation strategy used by company. Also, it has been evaluated that there
are 60% of employees are aware of employee motivated strategy as well as there are 30% of
employees are not aware of employee motivation strategy. Then 10% of employees are not
provided good response in order to focus on employee motivation. Motivation is one of the best
strategy that help to improve the work pattern of employees as well as it help to develop
knowledge in employees for completing work on time.
Theme 3: Employee motivation strategy is effectively work for employee
Particulars Respondents %
Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation 2 10%
Rewards and recognition 4 20%
Sharing positive feedback 3 15%
All of above 11 55%
total 20 100%
Interpretation: from the above graph it has been analysed that there are majority of employee
are known about the all the motivation strategy used by company as well as it shows employees