Analyzing Leadership Roles' Effect on Organizational Performance

This report investigates the effect of leadership roles on organizational performance, beginning with an introduction outlining the research's aim to identify literature gaps and provide new perspectives. It explores various leadership styles, traits, and approaches, and examines their influence on organizational performance elements. The literature review covers leadership styles, roles, and elements, as well as organizational performance metrics, highlighting a gap in empirical evidence. The research methodology employs a positivism philosophy and a deductive approach, utilizing a conclusive research design. Primary data is collected through surveys with lower-level employees, analyzed quantitatively with regression to determine the association between leadership roles and organizational performance. Sampling involves simple random selection, and reliability and validity are ensured through pilot testing and construct validity. Ethical considerations include maintaining participant privacy and obtaining informed consent. Desklib provides access to similar reports and study resources for students.

Running head: PROFESSIONAL PROJECT
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Executive Summary
This study had proposed to identify the impact of leadership roles on performance of the
organization. This would consist of using relevant literatures to identify the gap in literature
which would be later on evaluated to provide new perspective in the research topic. The relevant
literature and hypothesis has been developed based on the objective of the study. The study
would be successful if all the methods are carried out in an effective way.

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Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction................................................................................................................................5
1.1 Background of the study........................................................................................................5
1.2 Research aim and objectives..................................................................................................5
1.3 Research Question.................................................................................................................6
1.4 Research hypothesis...............................................................................................................6
2.0 Literature review........................................................................................................................7
2.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................7
2.2 Leadership styles and Roles...................................................................................................7
2.3 Elements of leadership...........................................................................................................8
2.4 Organizational performance..................................................................................................8
2.5 Impact of leadership roles on organizational performance....................................................9
2.6 Literature gap.........................................................................................................................9
3.0 Research methodology.............................................................................................................10
3.1 Research philosophy............................................................................................................10
3.2 Research Approach..............................................................................................................10
3.3 Research Design..................................................................................................................10
3.4 Data collection and Analysis...............................................................................................11
3.5 Sampling..............................................................................................................................11
3.6 Reliability and Validity........................................................................................................11

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3.7 Ethical Consideration...........................................................................................................12
Research plan.................................................................................................................................12
References......................................................................................................................................15

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Topic: The effect of leadership roles on organizational performance
1.0 Introduction
This is a research which will examine the impact of leadership roles on the performance
of organizations. This will consist of using relevant literatures to identify the gap in literature
which will be later on evaluated to provide new perspective in the research topic.
1.1 Background of the study
There have always been contradicting opinions regarding the different leadership styles
and approaches where it has been said leadership characteristics can be acquired. On the other
hand, some claimed that leadership quality cannot be developed. Moreover, the role of leadership
is another aspect that has developed contrasting opinion among the researchers. The analysis of
various successful companies in the past few decades shows that a deep relationship between
organizational culture and leadership. This shows that culture will always be linked when
superior performance of the firm is concerned. However, while determining the cultural aspects
the role of leadership is considered to be very minimal. This study will identify the deep
relationship between leadership and it role on organizational performance.
1.2 Research aim and objectives
The study will identify the effect of leadership roles on the performance of the
organization. This will consist of identifying the different leadership styles and their respective
roles. Moreover, the influence of these leadership styles on elements of company performance
will be evaluated.
 To identify the different leadership styles, traits and approaches
 To identify different elements of leadership roles affecting organizational performance

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 To identify the different elements of organizational performance
 To evaluate the different roles of leadership on organizational performance
 To recommend suitable strategies for improving organizational performance using
leadership approaches
1.3 Research Question
 What are the different leadership styles, traits and approaches in leadership?
 What are the different elements of leadership roles affecting organizational performance?
 What are the different factors affecting the organizational performance?
 What are different roles of leadership in company’s performance?
1.4 Research hypothesis
H0: Leadership roles have no impact on performances of organizations
H1: Leadership roles have impact on performances of organizations

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2.0 Literature review
2.1 Introduction
As stated by Saleem (2015), an organization can considered to be efficient if there is
balance between the employee needs and the internal stakeholders’ demands. Leadership has
deep effect on the performance of the company as it will ensure economic growth and prosperity
of the organization. Effective leaders motivate their employees to perform to their fullest
potential to increase the productivity of the organization. This is one of the popular topics of
discussion between the practitioners as leader is essential for gaining competitive advantage in
the market. The present study will identify the association between leadership and firm’s
performance in modern organizational context.
2.2 Leadership styles and Roles
According to Spangler (2015), the trait theory described the attributes, personality and
abilities of being an effective leader. However, the limitation of the trait theory that it is based on
subjective judgement and this theory those leaders are born with innate traits which make them
successful in leadership. On the other hand, Jing and Avery (2016) argued that leadership
qualities can be acquired by the individuals which will enable them to become successful
leaders. The contingency theory of leadership states that there is no right style of leadership and
different leadership approaches should be used at different times based on the situation to
evaluate the changes. The complexity of the trait theory guided to the formation of the different
leadership styles and approaches for instance autocratic, laissez-faire and democracy. The
different approaches to leadership are transformational and transactional. Birasnav (2014) states
that different leadership styles and approaches are guidelines for providing a visions and

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developing a suitable organizational culture to promote growth within the organization. The role
will vary depending upon the approaches and the styles taken by the leaders.
2.3 Elements of leadership
As stated by Bottomley et al. (2016), the most widely used theories of leadership are the
leadership approaches. These consist of transactional and transformational styles of leadership
which are widely used to understand the role of leadership in organizational context. As opined
Vermeeren, Kuipers and Steijn (2014), the transformation leadership is the style of leadership
where the subordinates are motivate by the leader to enhance their level of perception, beliefs
and morals. On the contrary, transactional style of leadership is based on exchange where
punishments and rewards are exchanged based on the productivity of the subordinates. The
transactional leaders are less engaging and they interfere with the work of the employees based
on their self interest.
2.4 Organizational performance
According to Zhang et al. (2015), the transformation of the organizations input into the
desired output is known as performance. Organizational performance is effective if maximum
output can be achieved using minimum input. Goal approach is one of the major approaches of
measuring performance of the organization which based on the goals set by the stakeholders. The
relationship between its corresponding environment and the organization defines the system
resource approach which evaluates the performance of the organization based on its ability to
take advantage of the surrounding environment (Won, Wan & Sharif, 2017). The constituency
approach perceives the organization as effective if most of the stakeholders within the
organization consider the performance of the organization as effective.

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2.5 Impact of leadership roles on organizational performance
Leadership has deeply influenced the organizational productivity and leadership provides
the path of achieving the goals set by the stakeholders. As stated by Boies, Fiset and Gill (2015),
leaders are the key decisions makers with the organization and they have the capability of
guiding the management of making crucial choices in effective use of the organizational
resources. According to Pradhan and Pradhan (2015), different leaders use different approaches
to gain operational excellence even though transformational leadership has been considered as
the most effective way of leadership. However, it has been seen that different leaders have used
different leadership approaches to gain competitive advantage in the market. Moreover, it has
been seen most of the leaders have both transaction and transformational qualities which they use
according to the requirement of the situation.
2.6 Literature gap
The literatures evaluated in the study focuses on theoretical aspect of leadership where ot
shows that transformational approaches of leadership are more effective that transactional style
of leadership. However, this lacks empirical literature which will cite the cases of different
leaders that have been successful using different styles and approaches.

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3.0 Research methodology
The organized way of evaluating different frameworks and methods needed for
conducting the study is known as the research methodology. This current study is a applied
research as it deals with a management problem with specific conclusion to it (Taylor, Bogdan &
DeVault, 2015). The findings in the research will help the managers in different organization to
improve the quality of their performance.
3.1 Research philosophy
In this present study, positivism will be the selected research philosophy which will
facilitate observation of data to identify hidden samples in the study. The data collected in
positivism should be discrete and observable so that the data can be quantified (Saunders et al.,
2015). Thus, factual knowledge can be gained by observing the overall phenomenon. This will
facilitate in conducting statistical analysis of data.
3.2 Research Approach
In this study, deductive approach is the suitable research approach as it proof the existing
theories discussed in the literature review (Sekaran & Bougie, 2016). This will be done by
conducting hypothesis testing where statistical techniques will be used. The observation scope
can be improved by using the deductive approach.
3.3 Research Design
This study will use conclusive research design where the study will draw the specified
conclusion (Lewis, 2015). The conclusive research design will maintain the objectivity of the
study by using quantitative analysis of data.

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3.4 Data collection and Analysis
In this study, primary data collection will be the method of data collection. The study will
conduct a survey consisting of close ended question asked to the lower level of employees in
different organizations. This will also facilitate in develop significant answers as the employee
may not have enough knowledge about the research topic (Ikpeze, 2015). The close ended
questionnaire will provide discrete observations which will facilitate in conducting quantitative
analysis of data. The quantitative analysis of data will consist of developing graphs and tables
based on the frequency of response. The study will also conduct regression analysis to identify
the nature and degree of association between the leadership role and organizational performance.
3.5 Sampling
In this study, simple random sampling will be used to randomly select population from
the overall sample population (Palinkas et al., 2015). Initially, survey will be conducted for more
than 200 respondents and then random sampling will be used to select 100 respondents which
will represent the whole population. The respondents will consist of lower level employees in
different organizations.
3.6 Reliability and Validity
Reliability is the capacity of the research to reproduce same result using different tools
and techniques. In this study, pilot testing will be conducted to evaluate whether the
questionnaire is appropriate for the study. Test rated reliability will be conducted where multiple
sample population will be used to identify whether the desired result is obtained in the study or
not (LoBiondo-Wood & Haber, 2014). Validity will determine whether the prescribed methods
are followed or not and construct validity will be used to measure the validity of the tools and
techniques.

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3.7 Ethical Consideration
In this study, privacy of the participants will be kept by maintaining the secrecy of the
respondents. The participants will be provided information about the purpose of the investigation
for maintaining the objectivity of the study (Manhas & Oberle, 2015). The respondents will take
part on their own free will and they will never be forced to take part in the study. Moreover, the
data collected will not be manipulated to obtain the desired result in the study.
Research plan
Task Name Duration Start Finish
Project Plan 55 days Thu 4/19/18 Wed 7/4/18
Selecting the Topic 1 wk Thu 4/19/18 Wed 4/25/18
Secondary data collection 1 wk Thu 4/26/18 Wed 5/2/18
Framing research layout 1 wk Thu 5/3/18 Wed 5/9/18
Literature review 1 wk Thu 5/10/18 Wed 5/16/18
Formation of the research Plan 1 wk Thu 5/17/18 Wed 5/23/18
Selection of the Appropriate
Techniques for Research
1 wk Thu 5/24/18 Wed 5/30/18
Primary collection of data 1 wk Thu 5/31/18 Wed 6/6/18

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Analyzing and Interpreting
collected data
1 wk Thu 6/7/18 Wed 6/13/18
Research Conclusion 1 wk Thu 6/14/18 Wed 6/20/18
Formation of Rough Draft 1 wk Thu 6/21/18 Wed 6/27/18
Submission of Final Work 1 wk Thu 6/28/18 Wed 7/4/18
Gantt chart

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References
Birasnav, M. (2014). Knowledge management and organizational performance in the service
industry: The role of transformational leadership beyond the effects of transactional
leadership. Journal of Business Research, 67(8), 1622-1629.
Boies, K., Fiset, J., & Gill, H. (2015). Communication and trust are key: Unlocking the
relationship between leadership and team performance and creativity. The Leadership
Quarterly, 26(6), 1080-1094.
Bottomley, P., Mostafa, A. M. S., Gould‐Williams, J. S., & León‐Cázares, F. (2016). The impact
of transformational leadership on organizational citizenship behaviours: The contingent
role of public service motivation. British Journal of Management, 27(2), 390-405.
Ikpeze, C. H. (2015). Data Collection and Analysis. In Teaching across Cultures (pp. 29-37).
SensePublishers, Rotterdam.
Jing, F. F., & Avery, G. C. (2016). Missing links in understanding the relationship between
leadership and organizational performance. The International Business & Economics
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Lewis, S. (2015). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five
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LoBiondo-Wood, G., & Haber, J. (2014). Reliability and validity. Nursing research-ebook:
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Manhas, K. P., & Oberle, K. (2015). The ethics of metaphor as a research tool. Research
Ethics, 11(1), 42-51.
Palinkas, L. A., Horwitz, S. M., Green, C. A., Wisdom, J. P., Duan, N., & Hoagwood, K. (2015).
Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method
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