Research Dissertation: Impact of Motivation on Employee Performance

This research dissertation investigates the impact of motivation on employee performance, using Apple Inc. as a case study. The introduction provides an overview of the research, emphasizing the significance of motivation in enhancing employee performance. The literature review explores various motivation theories, including Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, and the roles of managers in motivating employees. The research methodology outlines the qualitative and quantitative approach, data collection tools, and sampling techniques. The data analysis and interpretation section presents findings from a survey, using thematic analysis to examine employee perspectives on motivation. The results reveal that employees understand the concept of motivation and its importance for business success. The research also highlights the effectiveness of process theory and the John Holland theory of personality development. The conclusion summarizes the key findings and offers recommendations for improving employee motivation and performance within organizations.

Research
Dissertation

Table of Contents
Title:.................................................................................................................................................1
Introduction......................................................................................................................................1
Literature Review.............................................................................................................................3
Research Methodology....................................................................................................................5
Data Analysis and Interpretation.....................................................................................................6
Conclusion and Recommendation.................................................................................................15
Conclusion............................................................................................................................15
Recommendation..................................................................................................................15
References......................................................................................................................................17
Appendix........................................................................................................................................19

Title:
Impact of motivation on the performance of employees at workplace.
Introduction
Overview of the Research
The existing study initiates to analysing the significance of motivation in increasing
performance of employees at workplace, therefore, motivation mainly refers as the key aspect
which has direct impact over developing the performance of employees at workplace. Motivation
mainly performs a crucial part in each type of business and motivation provides an appropriate
way to the businesses to run their operations in right manner and attain their desire objectives
(Cherian and Jacob, 2013). In today’s modern business environment the primary objective of a
business is to fulfilling their own and business desires and for this business and its management
are concern over motivating employees at workplace. Therefore, motivation is mainly effective
in developing individual employee morale of contributing their significant efforts in the growth
of business (Güngör, 2011). In this present investigation work, Apple Inc is the chosen
organisation, thus it is a large American multinational technology business which has its
headquarter is in Cupertino, California. The company mainly operates in designing, develops and
selling consumer electronic, computer software and online services at global level. Therefore, the
company is founded in the year of 1976 by the potential efforts if Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and
Ronald Wayne. Thus the company is having around 137000 employees who are contributing
their efforts in the growth and success of the business. Moreover the key motive of the business
is to motivating their employees by providing them effective opportunities, rewards, appraisal
and so on, thus motivation of employees may result in increasing the operations of employees at
workplace (Montoro‐Sánchez, Soriano, Zhou and Zhang, 2011).
Rationale of the Research
The study into practical implementation is based on determining the impact of motivation
on the performance of employees at workplace, thus it is a wide research area which belongs
from academic writing and helps in developing the personal and profession knowledge in
relation to the selected investigation area (Lăzăroiu, 2015). The potential intention of conducting
this analysis is that it is an important area in the context of business and plays an important role
in the growth and success of business, thus motivation is a major issue as employees at
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workplace are facing the issue of motivation and the study has provide the insight out knowledge
regarding motivation.
Research Aim
To examine the significance of motivation in increasing performance of employees at
workplace. A case study on Apple Inc.
Research Objectives
 To develop understanding in relation to the concept of motivation and the key role
performed by the manager at workplace.
 To identify the theories of motivation that are effective in the context of business.
 To analyse the potential different between content theory and process theory of
motivation.
 To evaluate the effectiveness of John Holland theory of personality on the motivation of
employees at workplace.
Research Questions
 What is the concept of motivation and the key role performed by the manager at
workplace?
 What are the key theories of motivation that are effective in the context of business?
 What is the potential different between content theory and process theory of motivation?
 What the effectiveness of John Holland theory of personality on the motivation of
employees at workplace.
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Literature Review
Literature review is defined to be the important area of an investigation as it is effective in
developing detailed theoretical framework which helps rendering detailed understating in
relation to a specific area. This section mainly provides detailed analysis with the support of
secondary sources like books, journals, articles and so on.
As per the views expressed by Dagmar Recklies, 2014, motivation is defined to be an
inspiration which helps to apply the employees knowledge and skill for the development and
progression of the business. Motivation is also refers as the psychological procedure which is
effective in developing will of people to conduct business operations with more collaboration
and enthusiasm. Therefore, it recognised to be the important function of management which is
imperative in increasing the performance of employees at workplace and may lead the business
in attainment of growth and success (Yoo, Han and Huang, 2012). In the context of an
organisation, motivation is prior to be considered by the managers as the manager of a business
is effective in motivating employees at workplace and develop their performance level.
According to the opinion stated by Kristine Tucker , 2020, managers are recognised to be the key
aspect of business who leads the operations of business in right manner to reaching at key
objectives, thus managers are performing assorted role in motivating employees like Creating
fair working system, analysing employees motivation need, Assigning accurate task to the right
employees, Strengthening the workforce of business and so on. Thus these are the key role
which are mainly performed by the managers at workplace. In the context of business, the
primary obligation of a manager is to motivating employees at workplace with the help of
providing them suitable guidance and benefits which are effective for them in increasing their
morale of working.
As per the opinion stated by Stacy Zeiger, 2019, motivation is defined to be the factor which
evaluates the grounds for engagement in a specific behaviour through an individual. Therefore,
in another words, motivation can be defined as the state of mind, which is filled by the
enthusiasm and energy which assist an individual to work in a specific way to attain selected
business objectives. There are assorted key theories of motivation like Hertzberg’s Two-Factor
Theory, Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, Hawthorne Effect and Expectancy Theory, thus these are
the key theory which are mainly implemented by the businesses to motivate their employees at
workplace. Maslow’s theory is mainly based an individual’s need, thus it is mainly stated that
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humans are encouraged through needs that are available in the hierarchical order through basic to
higher order needs such as physiological, security, affiliation, esteem and self actualisation. On
the other side, Herzberg theory is mainly based on absence of hygiene factors, which may
involve pay, job security, working conditions and interpersonal relations among others that
would lead to dissatisfaction and their presence does not lead to motivation . In addition to this
expectancy theory represents that employee's motivation is a results of how much a person is
willing to gain reward and the assessment which the likelihood that the effort will assist to
expected performance and the belief that the performance will lead to reward.
As per the opinion analysis of Gheethu Maria Joy, 2016, content and process both are the
key theory for motivating employees at workplace and widely implemented by the business at
workplace, thus content theory is mainly relay upon the reason for changing the human needs
rapidly while process theory is mainly focuses on the psychological processes which may affect
motivation in relation to the expectations objectives and opinion in relation to equality. John
Holland theory of career choice mainly maintains that in selecting an individual, career or prefers
jobs where they can be surrounded by the other who are exactly like them . This, this is the
effective theory which is being implemented by the businesses in respect to developing the
personal traits of people and use them in regards to developing the operations of the business.
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Research Methodology
Research methodology is recognized to be an important area of an investigation as it is
defined as the plan and procedure which provides a systematic direction to the whole
investigation to overcome the issue in appropriate manner (Leung and et. al., 2011). therefore
this section is mainly in compasses over multiple applications which on needs to be selected by
the research and as per their understanding regarding the information that are accumulated in the
research those the suitable applications of this present research are associated as under:
Type of investigation:
This section of research is mainly based on qualitative and quantitative research days as the
selection of methodology is the fundamental recognition of a researcher to assist an investigation
in right manner (Gardner, Wright and Moynihan, 2011). In the present investigation work
quantitative research has been implemented by the researcher as it defined to be the most
appropriate source which is effective in executing detailed analysis over the area of analyzing the
appropriateness of motivation in increasing the performance of employs at work place. in
increasing the performance of employs at work.
Data Collection Tools:
Data collection is refers to be the most effective source which is imperative in providing
suitable way to gather appropriate information. Thus this section is mainly based on primary and
secondary sources of data collection (Kampf, Hitka and Potkany, 2014). In the present
investigation work data has been gathered through both primary and secondary aspects that,
primary research is effective in gathering first hand data via the support of executing survey with
the suitable execution of questionnaire. On the other hand, literature review is being executed via
the support of secondary sources such as books, journals, published articles and so on
(Kuranchie-Mensah and Amponsah-Tawiah, 2016).
Data Sampling:
Data sampling is mainly of probabilistic and non-probabilistic sampling tools, thus in the
context of this present research project researcher has implement probabilistic tool as in this
sample has been select at random basis and for this particular analysis 30 respondents has been
select to gather valuable information (Conchie, 2013).
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Data Analysis and Interpretation
This section of research is mainly effective in evaluating and interpreting the information in
suitable manner thus in this existing research work, data has been analysed via the support of
implementing thematic analysis as it is the most effective tool for evaluating data (Gunasekara,
2018).
Frequency Table
Q1) Do you have an appropriate understanding in regards to the concept of
motivation in the context of business?
Frequency
Yes 28
No 2
Q2) According to you, motivation is imperative for a business to increase
employees performance?
Frequency
Yes 29
No 1
Q3) As per your view, what key roles are mainly performed by the managers at
workplace?
Frequency
Motivating employees 15
Creating fair working system 5
Assigning accurate task 5
Strengthening the workforce 5
Q4) According to you, what are the key theories of motivation that are significant
in the context of business?
Frequency
Hertzberg’s Two-Factor Theory 6
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs 15
Hawthorne Effect theory 5
Expectancy Theory 4
Q5) As per your opinion, among the following which one is the most appropriate
theory of employees motivation within workplace?
Frequency
Content Theory Motivation 7
Process Theory Motivation 20
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Cognitive Theory of Motivation 3
Q6) As per you opinion, what are the key factors that are affecting motivation at
workplace?
Frequency
Organisational Climate 8
Leadership style 7
The structure of the work. 7
The reward System 8
Q7) As per you view, John Holland theory of personality development is effective
for increasing the performance of employees within Apple Inc?
Frequency
Yes 27
No 3
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Thematic Analysis
Theme 1) The individual having an appropriate understanding in regards to the concept of
motivation in the context of business.
Q1) Do you have an appropriate understanding in regards to the concept of
motivation in the context of business?
Frequency
Yes 28
No 2
Interpretation
As per the detailed analysis of the graph it has been evaluated that, 28 out of 30 people
are having an appropriate understanding in regards to the concept of motivation in the context of
business and remaining people are not in favour with the same.
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Theme 2) Motivation is imperative for a business to increase employees performance.
Q2) According to you, motivation is imperative for a business to increase
employees performance?
Frequency
Yes 29
No 1
Interpretation
According to the detailed analysis of the project it has been interpreted that, 29 out of 30 people
are in favour with the statement that motivation is imperative for a business to increase
employees performance, thus as per their view, motivation is effective in developing the
operations of business and remaining people are not in favour with the same as per their opinion
motivation is not much imperative for a business to increase employees performance.
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