Analyzing the Impact of Police Body-Worn Cameras on Officer Behavior

This report explores the increasing use of body-worn cameras (BWCs) in law enforcement and their effects on officer behavior. It discusses the implications of BWCs, including their role in promoting accountability, reducing violence, and potential privacy concerns. The report highlights the technical aspects of BWCs, such as camera placement, video quality, and data storage, as well as challenges related to proprietary software and compliance with FOIA requests. It also examines the benefits of BWCs, including increased transparency, officer protection, improved investigative capabilities, and enhanced training opportunities. Furthermore, the research delves into the challenges and enablers associated with BWC implementation, emphasizing the need for careful consideration of data management, privacy concerns, and technological advancements. The research employs a mixed-methods approach to analyze the effects of BWCs on officer behavior and addresses research objectives, challenges, and questions related to this topic. The study concludes by summarizing the findings and providing recommendations for future research and policy development in the field of law enforcement and technology.

RUNNING HEAD: EFFECTS OF POLICE BODY-WORN CAMERA AND OFFICERS BEHAVIOR 1
EFFECTS OF POLICE BODY-WORN
CAMERA AND OFFICERS BEHAVIOR

EFFECTS OF POLICE BODY-WORN CAMERA AND OFFICERS BEHAVIOR 2
Abstract:
In this assignment, body-worn camera and spying instruments are discussed along with their
implications in health hazards of police and other users. In this assignment all the security and
other issues of body worn cameras are discussed in a brief mode. It will help forerunners for
further research and development in this field.

EFFECTS OF POLICE BODY-WORN CAMERA AND OFFICERS BEHAVIOR 3
Table of content
Introduction:................................................................................................................................................3
Research statement:.................................................................................................................................3
Research title:..............................................................................................................................................4
Proprietary software:...............................................................................................................................4
Methods:......................................................................................................................................................5
Literature review:........................................................................................................................................6
Challenges as well as enablers:....................................................................................................................6
Performance of office workers as a result of police body worn cameras:................................................6
Research objectives:....................................................................................................................................7
Research challenges:...................................................................................................................................9
Research questions:...................................................................................................................................11
Conclusion.................................................................................................................................................19
References:................................................................................................................................................20

EFFECTS OF POLICE BODY-WORN CAMERA AND OFFICERS BEHAVIOR 4
Introduction:
Body-worn cameras are the most widely used police tool which has been increasing in its overall
resilience across the world. The implying mobile, as well as universal surveillance, tend to be
promoted as a tool for responsibility and a good way which can help to curtail violence,
discrimination or otherwise corruption. It also entails astounding capability for interference into
the privacy of both individuals as well as police agents (Bradner, 2015).
Professional policing has turned out to be one of the most fabulous creations of modernism.
Police are of valuable help to those who want to be safe. A police force tends to be the essential
institution in the comprehension of critical democratic standards of freedom, justice as well as
security. From a different passage of time, incidents which tend to exist lead the public to
encounters these crucial presumptions.
Research statement:
At present numerous organizations tend to provide BWC products to the law execution
authorities. In April of 2015, the US Department of homeland security freed ups the BWCs trial
report for the police. The report adjudged at the preliminary replica provided by seven distinct
organizations as well as examined operational features of each. At the same time, it should also
be noted that many smaller organizations also tend to provide such products. BWC’s can be
annexed to numerous locations on the officer’s form, which is dependent on the replica currently
under use. This may be placed on a head area, annexed to the officer’s officers hats, glasses or
otherwise the body of the officer. The overall placement of the camera is crucial for three
specific reasons. Firstly, it affects the areas which will be documented on the video. A head-
mounted video is supposed to seize the areas where the officer is the sighting, whereas a body
mounted unit will only tend to capture a video in front of the officer's body. People tend to shake
their heads in a more usual manner than their bodies which can have an increasing impact on the
quality of the video being made. Secondly, the placement can also influence the overall quality
of the video concerning the sound created (Burgess, 2018). Thirdly, the general presumption with
body-worn cameras is the fact that law agencies want the public to be aware of the fact that they
are being recorded. Although there is confined although valid data produced which recommends
that the public tend to better performed when they are aware of the fact that their video has been
taken. In reality, when many of the replicas are sold either tend to entail a solid red light or
otherwise flashing light to signify that the replica on for some specific reason. Hence BWC
should be big enough so it can be noticeable to a broader audience.
BWC's are formulated to be turned on and off with the assistance of the officer with each
specific interaction with the public. There are numerous practical reasons for this. Firstly, most
replicas do not incorporate the battery or otherwise video capacity to be operational for 8 hours.
When an officer finally completes a shift and reverts to the department, with most of the replicas
of BWC's, the officer places the camera unit into a docking station. The role of the docking

EFFECTS OF POLICE BODY-WORN CAMERA AND OFFICERS BEHAVIOR 5
station is to both charge the battery for the next shift and at the same time tend to upload video
clips to cloud storage. If the clips have not been previously characterized, the officer will be in a
position to execute it at this point of time of the procedure. It is vital to note that it is not in the
hand of the field officer to remove the video. If the officer is indulged in some improper conduct
as well as wants to disrupt the video, the only option is to disrupt the camera in the first place.
Research title:
The asset and also strategic issues which are encompassing execution of body-worn cameras
innovation are resolved in numerous cases and consequently are hard to control. A standout
amongst the most unexpected calculated issues involves how the office will regulate the high
measure of video information which is secured. This prompts one of the significant things for an
organization to consider before purchasing the unit; administration and additionally maintenance.
The information ought to be protected as well as ought to be accessible to everybody who needs
to utilize it.
Proprietary software:
Most BWC tends to come with some proprietary software. Although the operational features
may vary depending on the organization, such products generally allow for the use of cloud
storage of all video attained by a department. The original video can be recovered by some
person who is authorized in this regard using streaming video. Similarly, authorized personnel
also have the authority to edit a copy as well as change the copy. In this regard, authorized
personnel may involve prosecutors as well as the defense bar. One of the problems which are
embedded in the proprietary software is the mandatory format video should be within when it
may involve images which are shaky, inaudible sounds as well as distorted images in some
lighting conditions. The overall impact may be that the value of a provided piece of evidence
may be negligible in some situations. Secondly, the police department has access to state-level
request about FOIA. Conforming to an FOIA request can be a significant burden even under the
exceptional situation.
In some cases, police must edit the video before it finally released. For instance, a video may
entail images of a person which is guarded by rape-shield figurine or otherwise a person who is
operational as an intimate informative. Over the past few years, a technician who was needed to
physically blur a specific face in each specific frame before a video can be given. Under some of
the exceptional cases, it can be realized that object, a plate can be blurred only once as well as
the software will blur it in the remaining of the frames (Ariel, B., Farrar, T., & Sutherland, A.
2015).

EFFECTS OF POLICE BODY-WORN CAMERA AND OFFICERS BEHAVIOR 6
Methods:
Many cops make utilization of BWC's keeping in mind the end goal to report associations with
casualties, observer and besides others amid steady experiences involving police and natives.
This can be at either wrongdoing and besides significant episode scenes. By and large, police
organizations have established out that BWC is relatively helpful for officers in the more
(Stanley, Jay. 2013) desirable goals relating to both authoritative and additionally criminal
reactions. In the meantime, it additionally goes about as a safeguard apparatus if there should be
an occurrence of the common risk. Officers who are influencing utilization of these recorders to
have a clear reported, which tends to be a total target record of what was announced about the
occurrence in the gave question (Walker et al., 2013). The utilization of BWC video and also
sound chronicles at preliminary can convey the court with real explanations of officers alongside
other people who generally may not be allowed inside the court. Besides, chronicles made at
wrongdoing and occasion scenes are a substantial preferred standpoint of BWC's and
additionally convey specialists alongside juries with undeniably keen alongside persuading
proof. The expanding utilization of BWC gives officers, their separate organizations alongside
utilizing locales incremental methods for ensuring them in a standard case. This tends to be very
imperative in deciding resident reactions and besides watch auto regularly includes mischances
that tend to happen over the span of activity stop that would obligatorily not seen by BWC while
officer (Abdollah, 2014) interrelates with the driver. Numerous auto introduced frameworks
additionally have a tendency to give the office of introducing a camera which is optional to
record any such demonstration in the rearward sitting arrangement of the watch auto.
Cops are very much aware that cooperation with natives all through routine movement stops or
generally in different sorts of open associations can lead towards the contentious condition.
The social standards and desires encompassing the sufficient utilization of imaging and besides
video have been transmuted by the openness of camcorders which are set in our pockets. The
impact on law requirement can without an exertion be decided by locating the evening news.
This specific spread of the utilization of video has driven towards law requirement to pronounce
about the planned advantages of reveling the catch of video on a deliberate premise in their day
by day activities. In a comparative form, acknowledgment of consistency of expanding
utilization of the video for police activities has driven towards hurry to introduce a wide range of
cameras including those which are body-worn cameras. Notwithstanding, in the meantime, the
lion's share of the police organizations has restricted introduction in utilizing its video to its most
extreme advantage. Subsequently, it does not can completely misuse the esteem of upgrading
their video capabilities (Drover & Ariel, 2015).

EFFECTS OF POLICE BODY-WORN CAMERA AND OFFICERS BEHAVIOR 7
Literature review:
The excellent use of BWC has the capability for delivering many benefits to law enforcement.
Some of the examples are as follows:
Transparency: the willingness to video day to day operations as well as issue the video to the
public can enhance public trust along with a high level of confidence in the police.
Protection of officer: Body-worn cameras (Fieldstadt, 2014) have the potential to guard officers
against false accusation as well as influence the behavior, in a revitalizing manner for both
officer and for whom it is being recorded.
Investigative: It tends to capture impulsive events, crime scenes will help in the examination of
crimes as well as the examination of such cases. The cameras enhancement the officers recall as
well as documents events.
Training: The documented real-life conditions will help in educating both new as well as
experienced officers.
Recently, President Obama projected a community policing initiative which would deliver 50%
match to localities who bought body-worn (Saunders et al., 2017) cameras as well as obligatory
storage. They are predicted to be around 850,000 law enforcement workers in the US. Many
agencies have made their way to deploy some of the body-worn clothes, and at the same time,
this will prevail for a more extended period. The vast majority of these agencies have integrated
together with a solution using local employees as well as regularly underestimated both the
intricacy as well as the cost of working an overall body camera system. As also discussed above,
much instant technology requires law enforcement bodies which are beyond the present state of
technology (Hedberg et al., 2017).
Challenges as well as enablers:
The computer vision along with multimedia societies have made significant improvements in the
recent period which has led towards potential as face recognition in consumer cameras as well as
retrieval along with mechanical speech recognition procedures. Although, quite useful these
advances have been limiting in their approach in discriminable domains of content like numerous
Olympic sports or otherwise realizing pose of an actor in specific movies which have been
professionally recorded. Also, the threshold of performance for bug datasets does not conform to
specific camera technology requirements like FOIA servicing where a slight miss face can cost
too much.
Performance of office workers as a result of police body worn cameras:
Police workplaces all over the United States are going up against the irregular condition of crises
similar to suitability. Eyewitnesses have noted on PDA an extending level of scenes where
officers appear to hurt normal individuals in an unjustified way. Systems are not taking the

EFFECTS OF POLICE BODY-WORN CAMERA AND OFFICERS BEHAVIOR 8
statement of cops for it that power was crucial in furious events, and meanwhile, this particular
nonappearance of trust makes it ambling for police to do their specific errands. Likewise,
nationals and also executives have asked for that every such officer make use of body-worn
cameras, so all relationship with general individuals is ensured.
BWC supporters are sure that camera will tend to enhance a general improvement influence on
all such included; officers and also standard residents alike should show their direct superiorly
when they watch they are being viewed. Various people are exceptionally sure that this
advancement will tend to empower human transmutation, overhauling officer duty as well as
decreasing abuse of power.
Meanwhile, it is in like manner possible that BWC's could overhaul the usage of intensity.
Without a doubt, a unique number of the officers indicate faltering in stressed conditions to
evade being respondent of a hopeless situation. Since the effects of BWC can be both in a better
than average and what's more adversarial way, it is fundamental to overview the effects it has on
people close by responses to such instruments.
Over the range of a few years, many police working environments have executed BWC's in
randomized controlled preliminaries. It consolidates randomizing when officers are slated to
wear a camera, and they are not wearing it. In one of the new examinations facilitated in
Washington, police division randomized methods, which for the most part included sorts of
surge impacts which were standard over developments or by and large solitary officers. Be that
as it may, the two techniques empower us to relate direct of the people who are wearing BWC
with the lead of a control gather which is not having BWC's.
The DC consider was the essential exhibition in the noteworthy US city, along these lines would
be of astounding eagerness to more prominent urban territories who are wanting to move this
BWC program. This examination was held by Lab @DC, which tends to be an investigation
assemble in the Mayor's office in a joint effort with the Metropolitan police division. This
assessment built up no genuine impact on usage of intensity by the staff, or complaints made by
locals against work constraint.
Research objectives:
The general practicality of BWC's has appeared in a genuinely clear manner. Nevertheless, their
accumulated utility is seen precisely when they are considered towards recording it. The need of

EFFECTS OF POLICE BODY-WORN CAMERA AND OFFICERS BEHAVIOR 9
association technique should be that officers strengthen over the range of execution official
business of police. When it is operational, the general talk should be shielded with no
interference or constrained. In case such detainment occurs, the officer should be (Jennings &
Fridell, 2015) relied upon to document the reason behind the control in the report. If the officer is
of the view that it’s compulsory to stop the account before the device is finally stopped.
A part of the associations offers BWC's to pick officers as opposed to all the watch authorities.
This method can be mishandled as a noteworthy part of a push to more eagerly tracking officers
on solitary officers who are more suspected to include issues specifically zones of their errands.
Alternatively, of course generally, the reason may be how it is endless for the workplace to
present cameras for all such workforce. Regardless of the way that, offering cameras to every
such explanation behind after significant authorities can have different negative implications. For
instance, officers who think about how they are being watched may change their lead in like way
only while there is sending of BWC is there. Incredibly particular use can in like manner be
broad imprisonment for gaining 'buy-in' from workers applicable to the usage and the satisfaction
of the video recorders. On the off chance that supervisors see these contraptions fundamentally
as trackers for choosing an issue lead, they will not be inclined to utilize them for the general
target they have spoken to. In this manner, it is exceedingly reasonable that workplaces who are
using BWC's for watch pros should pass on them to every such worker for utilizing in plan with
office procedure.
Regardless of their utility, BWC's can be utilized for somewhat illegal purposes that are counter
to or strange mission of law necessity. For instance, BWC's are not intended to suit only uses
whether it is associated on or on leave of absence until and except if the division gives
expressive assent. This tends to be an essential matter (Jennings et al., 2014) of fear over private
use of sound equipment in most of the conditions, yet it furthermore includes stresses over the
arranged thought of blending individual and also official office records. Later on, the affirmation
of video records can be tossed towards extending (Katz et al., 2014) question, as could issues
incorporating the chain of guardianship of sign united on devices which may be at risk for
growing individual use. BWC equip which is subject to singular utilize and intermixing of
accounts tend to bring fears up concerning insignificant sharing, viewership, and furthermore
landing of video nearby related issues of charity of assurance and what's more similar sorts of
hazard.
Additionally, BWC should be abused for investigative duties or the most part identifying with
handle use just and in this way should not be operational in a bit of the managerial settings.
Another arranged insufficient use which should be constrained by the police is unobtrusive

EFFECTS OF POLICE BODY-WORN CAMERA AND OFFICERS BEHAVIOR 10
defending of correspondence with or between some different officers without expressive pro of
the workplace CEO or by and large her designee. They chose institution of BWC's in the midst
of somewhat near and dear exchanges without a threat of their declarations being recorded and
also used against someone in an out of line way.
Research challenges:
Body worn cameras tend to make few security issues:
Although the truth essential right supporters have generally strengthened the extensive use of the
body-worn camera is by police (King &Disis, 2015), the effect of development on subject
security cannot be interpreted. Government and furthermore state laws identifying with desire for
insurance put a couple of limitations on by making use of sound and also video recording. Also,
body-worn cameras tend to seize consistently the staggering experiences of lousy behavior who
are sufferers of bad behavior. Recording such events may intensify the damage of subjects. In
their model technique design, the body-worn video controlling contemplations law execution
workplaces about the security interruption of development, overwhelmingly as for religious
understandings and moreover exchanges directed to assist legal advantage (Rappaport, 2018).
Body worn cameras procure stresses for the security of cops:
Law execution associations have no fundamentally perceived the development. Police
affiliations which are arranged in contrasting urban networks especially in New York have
communicated that the cameras reflect an adjustment in a work environment which must be
exchanged in the midst of the dialogs relating to the assertion. Meanwhile, there were
furthermore issues that officers were revealed bothersome calculating voyages by executives.
Experiences coming to fruition due to Phoenix and Rialto recommend that incorporating line
level agent in the execution methodology from the colleague particularly crucial with the course
of action specifying the use of the camera. Regardless, everything which is recorded by the
officer can be discovered paying little mind to whether it is recorded fortuitously. The delayed
consequences of the advancement of officer security cannot be deciphered, and along these lines,
more research is required.
Body worn cameras similarly make issues relating to prosperity and security:
The UK home office oversees an unquestionable prosperity and security issues, from neck harm
coming about because of the camera's weight to electric daze. The irregular condition of
concerns tends to be assessed at affirm. The guide refers to fewer nerves in regards to medium
risk, including the practical for head harm. Of course, wearing the camera to help the uniform
instead on the head can similarly help with lessening all the communicated perils (Fusi & Feeney,

EFFECTS OF POLICE BODY-WORN CAMERA AND OFFICERS BEHAVIOR 11
2018). Notwithstanding, there has been no examination assessing prosperity and moreover
security proper with body-worn cameras.
Body wore cameras require adventure relating to getting ready and furthermore course of
action definition:
Reasonable research reflects the centrality of getting ready and moreover game plan winning the
circumstance of body-worn cameras. Officers who tend to wear such cameras must be set up for
good and fruitful use. This can start by protecting to downloading video with the ultimate
objective of the adequate help of equipment. In like manner, divisions must figure clear
administrative procedures which offer supervision to officers on different issues like what to
record and what not to (Neubauer & Fradella, 2018).
The anomalous condition of theory and cost is furthermore required:
According to various pros coordinated, body-worn cameras tend to include resource, and
furthermore, key concerns interfacing execution of body-worn cameras are exceptionally
tremendous and in various events are incredibly inconvenient to complete. There is some quick
cost which is inferable particularly fitting with the purchase of gear nearby substitution costs
since parts tend to isolate. Body worn cameras tend to obtain irregular state video which must be
fittingly and what's more tied down with assurance. Hence, there are furthermore request
concerning how rapidly accounts can be recovered. The noteworthy traders oblige cloud-based
limit answers to an impediment or workplaces can coordinate and furthermore store the video
localized (Miller et al., 2017).
Also, when video film of body worn camera is used in court (King &Disis, 2015), potential costs
are fitting with evaluating and furthermore redacting film. Simply more instantly body worn
camera is appreciated court, higher the costs will be.
The closures drew by Mesa, and furthermore, Phoenix demonstrates that tolerant body worn
camera advancement has an immense impact in both (Macari, 2015) April positive and negative
way. Enduring the advancement needs developing an office-wide technique to control the
program which incorporates relatively every unit starting from line supervisors and furthermore

EFFECTS OF POLICE BODY-WORN CAMERA AND OFFICERS BEHAVIOR 12
watch officers to criminologists nearby data specialists. Moreover, the development similarly
impacts diverse accomplices who are outside the law execution office including the prosecutor's
office and furthermore different courts.
Research questions:
A new study states that police body cameras have had no quantifiable impact in Washington,
D.C., with regards to non-military personnel protests, utilization of power episodes, policing
movement or right results including the city's Metropolitan Police Division.
The report, touted as the most extensive of its kind, has filled reestablished doubt about whether
body cameras are cultivating responsibility and straightforwardness in law requirement. Even
though the examination is not a thorough evaluation of the maximum capacity advantages of
body cameras, a few specialists say it demonstrates that police and sellers must accomplish more
to demonstrate the gear is justified regardless of the expense.
The Lab @ DC, an association subsidiary with the city government, analyzed the conduct of
more than 2,200 MPD officers, split about equally between those furnished with body cameras
and those without. Scientists took a gander at information between June 2015 and Walk 2017
and inferred that the gadgets did not affect any of the measurements examined.
With the city as of now spending more than $5 million to prepare the majority of its formally
dressed watch officers with body cameras, a few commentators say the examination raises doubt
about the estimation of that speculation (Quaia et al., 2017).
"What are people, in general, getting for its cash?" asked Harlan Yu, a foremost at Upturn, a firm
that takes a shot at innovation arrangement issues. "Are body cameras justified, despite all the
trouble, or would we say we are simply passing by our theory and instinct that they are going to
change the way policing is done in America?"