Dissertation: Public Transport Price Impact on London Students

This dissertation proposal investigates the impact of public transport prices on students in London. It examines the role of Transport for London (TfL), exploring fare policies, discounts, and their effects on student travel. The research aims to identify the relationship between transport costs and student experiences, utilizing both primary and secondary research methods, including literature reviews and qualitative data collection through interviews. The study considers the benefits and challenges of the TfL system for students, focusing on the financial implications, accessibility, and overall impact on their academic lives. The proposal outlines the research methodology, including the philosophical approach, data collection methods, and ethical considerations, to ensure a comprehensive analysis of the topic. The findings will provide insights into the effectiveness of current transport policies and suggest recommendations for improving student access to affordable and efficient public transport in London. Desklib is a platform where students can find past papers and solved assignments.

Dissertation Proposal

ABSTRACT
London in present time, carrying a heavy range of public transport network which raised
fare for people that were unemployed like students and so on that cannot afford high prices. Soon
this became an issue as people started raising issues against government and their decisions made
by them. The technical document is prepared to offer readers a good range of knowledge linked
with Transport facilities offered by local government of London, United Kingdom to its citizens
and specifically to students. The background knowledge basically carries the fare policies that
has been developed by Transport for London. Apart from this, different aspects have also
inferred by conducting in-depth investigation on different articles linked to the topic.
Considering both primary and secondary methods and information that were collected from the
these valid conclusion was being made. Moreover, concepts, importance and different aspects of
Transport for London is included which will further aid researcher in increasing knowledge &
other spectrum. Whether, transport for London is beneficial for students or not as Transport
system is one of the important factor for travelling from one place to another easily.

Table of Contents
ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................................1
Topic : “To identify the impact of public Transport prices on students of London”.......................1
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Literature Review.............................................................................................................................1
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.....................................................................................................4
Type of research..........................................................................................................................4
Research philosophy...................................................................................................................5
Research approach......................................................................................................................5
Ethical consideration...................................................................................................................5
Data collection............................................................................................................................6
Data Analysis..............................................................................................................................8
Conclusion & Recommendation ...................................................................................................18
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................19
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Topic : “To identify the impact of public Transport prices on students of
London”
INTRODUCTION
Transport for London is the local government agency which is responsible for transport
system in Greater London, England. TfL has responsible for London network of principal road
routes where different rail networks includes London Underground. Transport for London was
established in the year of 2000 as the integrated body which is responsible for London's transport
system (Allen and et. al., 2012). The main role of TfL is to implement effective transport strategy
and manage transport services along with capital. The main motive of this investigation is to
analyse the impact of public Transport prices on students of London. They are offer special
discounts to the London students where they travel on free charge and make it great option for
students. Along with this, the main purpose of the research is to analyse different authors and
scholars views regarding specific topic. Moreover, research methodology assist in identify best
method which is qualitative research design and this will be conducted with the help of
interviews by London students who uses public transport on regular basis. It will help in
analysing reviews and views of students regarding fare of transportation modes.
Research Aim:
“To identify the impact of public Transport prices on students of London”.
Research Objective:
 To identify the concept of Transport for London
 To determine the importance of Transport for London for students To identify the relationship between Transport for London and students.
Research Questions:
 Explain the concept of Transport for London?
 What is the importance of Transport for London for students?
 What is the relationship between Transport for London and students?
Literature Review
Concept of Transport for London

According to the thoughts of Badstuber. E, (2019), it has been analysed that transport for
London is a governmental regulatory body which controls overall transport system of Greater
London. Responsibility of TFL is manage network of road routes, different rail networks, river
services, London's Tram etc. The author believes that TFL is an effective transport authority
which only handles transport services within London. It does not engage into transport activities
which takes place at national level (Six things other cities can learn from Transport for London’s
success, 2019). It has been seen that TFL is charging approximately equivalent fares from
passengers who uses their services. Along with this, its transportation services provides different
payment options to customers like debit/credit card, travel cards, oyster card, payment via
application (apple pay, Samsung pay, google pay etc.). This helps customers in using services of
transport for London easily.
Apart from this, it has been observed that this transport system is favourite for citizen of
London as they it has smooth payment options which influences interest of customers as they can
use it at regular basis (Lucas, 2012). This regulatory body also maintains cleanliness and
hygiene level that creates clean and safe environment for customers.
Importance of Transport for London for students
As per the thoughts of Black, (2018), it has been analysed that Transport for London
plays an essential role in the life of London students as they uses public transport facility at
regular basis. It can be said that Transport for London provides numerous of benefits to college
and school students at the time of their travelling. Benefits for these students can be seen in
many forms like at first norms of TFL assures that each and every students will get additional
discount on their each travel. This means if an customers holds their school or college card they
will surely have to pay less amount for their travel. Another benefit which is provided by TFL
states that students will get safe environment during their travel and if in case any misconduct
happens with them, they will get proper medical support. Along with this, injured students will
also get additional compensatory amount from government too. It has been further evaluated by
the author that Transport for London has also formulate various schemes for students which is
pocket friendly for them. These schemes also influences students to explore London more with
its transport facility at economical prices.
Apart from this, Kim, (2013) have also said that Transport for London has also helped
migrant students to travel in London at less expenses. This also improves their survival rate in
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London as they have to pay less on transportation cost while continuing their study in this city. It
can be said that Transport for London have developed its image among customers as students
who are completing their study in this city have to now spend less amount on travelling. These
students can also use this saved money in their study material. As a result, they can qualify their
study more effectively. In addition to this, it has been analysed that Transport for London also
influences students to continue their future study in London as its travelling cost is cheaper for
them and they can easily survive their at low cost.
Relationship between Transport for London and students
In 1902 first motor omnibus was started in London. Underground trains, trams and buses
operated under brand name London Transport in 1933. Publicly owned transport corporation
named Transport for London (TfL) took over name London transport in 2000. This is a local
government body which maintains transport system within London. Around 3 million passengers
travel each day in underground transportation. Public transport includes around 37% of journeys.
In London students get different options to save their money while travelling This
includes: 18+ Student Oyster photocard- In this students can save around 30% on bus and tram
passes and travel-cards.; Use pay as you go- If student lives near by school, university or college
or goes rarely then this option can be used as it will be cheaper. In such cases travel-cards, bus or
tram pass will be costly (White, 2016). This option can even be used with 18+ student oyster
card or contactless device or card; Get a 16-25 railcard- To save around 34% in travelling go for
get 16-25 railcard with standard adult oyster card or 18+ student oyster photocard when
travelling off-peak and daily caps; Travel off-peak- travelling off-peak will be cheaper while
using pay as you go option. Start journey around 6:30 in morning or between 9:30 and 15:59 or
even after 19:00 on weekdays, weekends and on holidays; Daily capping: students can use their
standard adult oyster card, 18+ oyster card or contactless devices or cards any number of time in
a day and their fare will be capped. This means that student do not need to pay more than £6.80
or £4.50 (with usage of 16-25 Railcard discount). Last but not the least students can opt for get
the hopper fare, in this student can go for unlimited tram or bus journeys within 1 hour for
around £1.50 by using pay as you go option. These are various option which are provided by
London government to students. Student can opt for any option depending upon their needs.
Transport of London has given all these benefits to student so that they can effectively gain
knowledge.
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Drinking of alcoholic beverages was banned on June 1st, 2008 in Tube, Docklands Light
railway, trams and buses which are operated by TfL. It was carried out to provide students or
passengers safer and pleasant experience while travelling. This will also ensure that no parties
were conducted late night underground, ban came as a result of this. Any kind of accidents and
assaults can occur when someone is drunk. This ban ensured that around 15% of assaults have
been decreased (Stubbs, Tyson and Dalvi, 2017). As well as it is ensured that environment is not
harmed and vehicles are analysed after certain time to ensure that they do not create pollution.
100 years of women in transport campaign was launched with partnership with other
departments to ensure safety of women students. This helps to build effective relationship
between transport of London and students as students are given various benefits and apart from
this their security is considered as foremost.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research methodology is the process and method which an be used for select, recognise,
analyse whole data and information regarding specific topic. In this part, they allow their
investigators for evaluating and analysing the entire study validity and reliability effectively. It
can be refers as the study method in which they can easily gain acquire authentic knowledge and
skill in better manner (Debnath and et. al., 2014). Along with this, it is one of the most important
section of the research project because all the required factors are considered.
Type of research
In this part, investigator need to access important facts and figures of research project so
that they can easily executed methods and techniques which provide benefits regarding research
process. There are different ways through which investigation can conducted in effective
manner. It includes qualitative and quantitative research. In this, qualitative method can help in
collecting and gathering accurate facts and figures and its main focus on maintaining quality and
analysing customer perceptions regarding firm goals and targets. On the other hand, quantitative
research assist in collecting authentic charts and graphs so that researcher mainly focus on
understanding and evaluating qualitative factors of particular topic. The present report is based
on qualitative research method which can be used for gathering and collecting important data and
information at the time of developing report.
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Research philosophy
It is considered as belief which can be used for gather and collect authentic data and
information while completing specific project. In this section, there are various types of patterns
and beliefs which can be followed by investigator and their main responsibility is to choose
accurate philosophy for the firm in order to reach with desired outcomes. There are different
types of philosophy such as interpretivism and positivism. In this, positivism consider that reality
is stable and it can be ascertained and described from an objective point of view without
intervention of phenomenon being studied (Jones and et. al., 2013). On the other hand,
interpretivism intend to be subjective interpretation and interference is reality which can be
understood effectively. This philosophy provides main concentration on data quality that can be
gather and collect in effective way. In this project, positivism philosophy is used for gathering
and collecting accurate facts and figures at the time of completing research report.
Research approach
In this section, research approach is an effective plan and procedure that will consist with
steps along with broad estimation to described method of data collection, interpretation and data
analysis. It is based on research nature that can help in resolving major issues and problems
which are being addressed. Research approach is play a vital role in scientific study which assist
in analysing whole areas. In this, there are two types of research approach which is necessary to
be applied by investigator. It include inductive and deductive approach. In inductive approach,
various types of theories are applied and it is based on different models and assumptions
according to the results where they can gather and collect authentic facts and figures. On the
other hand, deductive approach examine current numerical facts and figures that are being
evaluated on the basis of observation. In the present report, deductive approach is applied
because this is used for gathering and collecting authentic data and information in effective way
(Watson, 2012).
Ethical consideration
The ethical consideration has common undertaken for an association in examining and
exploring various areas. In addition to this, it can be analysed that various rules and regulations
are identified in term of right or wrong in proper manner. It can be estimated that it is required
part which can be used for securing and saving various criteria on experts and specialists. They
have develop accurate decisions in order to select right or wrong and it is also conceal with
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individual facts and figures from various respondents. There are different types of moral qualities
that are required for examiners in order to sort particular research work.
Data collection
Data can be categorised by various methods and strategies which can be used for
gathering and collecting correct information in better manner. There are two ways through which
company can easily sort information in order to gather method which combine essential and
subsidiary sources which are mentioned as under:
Primary data – It is that method which can be useful in social occasion and also collect
exact data and information in better manner. There are different methods which can help in
collecting and gathering accurate statistical data points among various sources such as
observations, interviews, recognition, contemplate and many more (White, 2016). Such type of
method assist in assembling and collecting right data at the time of completing specific project.
Secondary data – It can be categorised as the process which assist social affair data and
information by another individual and it is that information that can be used for analysing valid
conclusion for such examination and survey.
Questionnaire
Q 1) Are you aware with the concept of Transport for London?
a) Yes
b) No
Q 2) What is the importance of Transport for London for students?
a)
b)
Q 3) Does Transport for London helps in making travelling easier for students?
a) Agree
b) Disagree
Q 4) Does Transport for London focuses on reducing pollution to become sustainable in
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London?
a) Yes
b) No
Q 5) Who provides the fund for Transport for London?
a) Fares income
b) Borrowing and cash movements
c) funds from Department for Transport (DfT)
Q 6) Does Transport for London implements new technology to reduce environment impact?
a) Yes
b) No
Q 7) According to you opinion, are there any plans developed to transform capital transport
network?
a) Yes
b) No
Q 8) Are there any legislation designed to improve London air quality?
a) Yes
b) No
Q 9) Does the prices changed by Transport for London are economical for students?
a) Yes
b) No
Q 10) Provide some recommendation that will help in enhancing profitability of Transport for
London
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Data Analysis
Theme 1: Concept of Transport for London
Q 1) Are you aware with the concept of Transport for London? Frequency
a) Yes 25
b) No 5
Interpretation: It can be analysed that Transport for London is the local government
body which is responsible for transporting system and they are manage and maintain services of
company. This is required for government is to offer special discounts and free charges to their
students in the nation. There are around 25 respondents who are agree on that Transport for
London is responsible for maintaining transportation prices which are flexible in nature. On the
other hand, there are around 5 respondents who are disagree on that statement where they does
not provide flexible prices as per their students requirements.
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25
5
a) Yes
b) No