The Role of Healthy Diet in Pregnancy: A Comprehensive Analysis

This report delves into the critical role of a healthy diet during pregnancy. It begins with an introduction to the topic, outlining the need for proper nutrition for both the mother and the developing fetus. The report emphasizes the importance of micronutrients and macronutrients, highlighting how a balanced diet supports the energy needs of the mother and promotes the healthy development of the baby. It covers the background of pregnancy, discussing the three trimesters and associated symptoms, and provides a literature review on the basic understanding of pregnancy, ways to maintain health, and the significance of healthy eating. The report also includes a project plan with a Gantt chart, risk management strategies, opportunities for research, and a discussion on health management theories and models. The outcomes and conclusion summarize the key findings, emphasizing the benefits of a well-balanced diet for both maternal and fetal health, and references are provided for further reading. The report underscores that a healthy diet is crucial for preventing complications, ensuring proper fetal development, and establishing healthy nutritional habits for the child.

Healthy Diet In Pregnancy

Table of Contents
Title..................................................................................................................................................3
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Statement of Intention............................................................................................................4
Justification.............................................................................................................................4
Aims and objectives.........................................................................................................................4
Background......................................................................................................................................5
Literature Review.............................................................................................................................5
The basic understating about pregnancy................................................................................5
The ways of maintaining appropriate health during pregnancy.............................................7
The importance of healthy diet in pregnancy.........................................................................8
Project plan......................................................................................................................................9
Gantt chart......................................................................................................................................12
Risk management...........................................................................................................................13
Opportunities for research..............................................................................................................14
Health management theories and models......................................................................................15
Outcomes ......................................................................................................................................20
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................20
References......................................................................................................................................22
Appendix........................................................................................................................................24

Title
“To analyse the importance of healthy diet in pregnancy.”
Introduction
The maintaining a healthy life throughout life it is necessary to maintain the healthy diet.
It especially necessary for pregnant women as in the pregnancy the women body requires higher
content of nutrition. In the pregnancy, the women needs both micronutrient and macro-nutrient
to increase the energy in the body. It is important to take a proper healthy life which also provide
the energy and nutrients to the growing baby's health. As the nutritional supplements also
provide the good qualities of nutrients (Malek and et. al., 2017). The nutrition is most important
require to intake especially during first 12 weeks of pregnancy. By maintaining the healthy diet it
can protect the women and baby from a health risks. It is important to take nutrition before and
during the pregnancy as the energy level decreases during the pregnancy.
The healthy diet is necessary because it can prevent from retard of foetal development at
the first stage of pregnancy. It is important as it can also develops the nutritional habits in the
foetus. The foetus adapts the environment which is adapting the environment by mother and the
foetus also adapt the metabolism. If the mother didn't take proper nutrition then it directly
impacts on the baby as the baby does not receive proper nutrients and which results the cause of
low birth weight. It is also change the metabolism and cause the conditions such as diabetes.
The healthy diet is necessary to protect the brain and other developing organs which
includes the kidneys, endocrine system. With the help of healthy nutrient and well-balanced diet
helps to decrease some symptoms such as constipation and nausea. These symptoms can also
occur in growing baby after the born of baby (Lee and et. al., 2016). The healthy nutrition can
promote the development in the baby that will build the immunity of baby and it protect it from
disease throughout the life.
By maintaining the healthy diet, the mother can reduce the weight easily. After the baby
born, the women can easily shed out the weight in order to maintain the healthy life after the
pregnancy. The healthy life also impacts on women life because of the diet which are intake
during the pregnancy. The diet during pregnancy should be nutritional as it can deposited lots of
fat in the body and can cause some other disease in women. The healthy diet can also prevent the
complications in pregnancy. The healthy diet in pregnancy also includes the proper ratio of

intake of nutrients so it can't alter the nutrients. The healthy diet also responsible for
reconstruction the system in the body of the women.
The healthy diet includes the fruits, green vegetables, proteins and whole grains. The
diet should be prefer in low fat content. These healthy benefits should definitely adapt by the
mothers in order to take care of their baby and themselves (Venter and et. al., 2017). By
achieving this it can give both the mother and baby a healthy and better environment in life. It
helps them to stay in the disease free environment for a longer period of time.
Statement of Intention
In this project, it focuses on the healthy diet during pregnancy. It also focuses that what
type of nutrition are taken by women. In this assignment, the healthy diet and routine of pregnant
women will be discussed. The advantages of healthy nutrients will also discussed in this. As it is
important to discussed the healthy diet during pregnancy to achieve the proper healthy life for
both mother and baby. This is important to understand by the women that a healthy and proper
balanced diet how affect the women and baby internally.
Justification
The presence of nutrients in the environment and their importance to develop the health
benefits for both mother and child in womb. In order to bring healthy life, the women must
known the advantages and disadvantages of a healthy and balanced diet (Martin and et. al.,
2016). This assignment focuses on the diet plan which is adapt by the women during and before
the pregnancy to maintain the healthy life for both women and infant. To bring improvement and
a healthy life it is necessary to built the healthier diet to the mother so that the infant can also
achieve a healthy life even after the birth.
Aims and objectives
“To analyse the importance of healthy diet in pregnancy.”
Research objectives
 To determine the basic understating about pregnancy.
 To evaluate the ways of maintaining appropriate health during pregnancy.
 To examine the importance of healthy diet in pregnancy.

Background
The healthy diet includes the benefit such as developing the immune system, free from
diseases which can effect at early stage of life. It also help in maintaining the healthy life through
out the life even after the birth. So it is necessary to maintain the healthy life in order to gain a
healthy life. There are lot of factors include to attain healthy life which includes intake of proper
a healthy life is not just enough to intake, it should be proper and balanced. The healthy diet
balance provides the positive outcomes at the time of delivery as it reduces the risk of low baby
weight, reduces the risk of infectious disease. With the healthy food, the immune system can
develop with in the body of baby which helps the baby to fight against the infectious agent after
the birth.
The healthy diet is basically means to take proper nutrients in a proper time and in a
optimum quality so that it can't alter the benefits of nutrients. It facilitate the growth of baby and
also prevent for mothers from various types of factors which may be challenging at the time of
delivery. The energy is most required at the time of pregnancy because of the changes in the
mother body as it support the the mother as well as the foetus (Sun and Zhao, 2016). The health
diet of a mother must includes all the essential micronutrient which includes folic acid, vitamins
A, D, E, B12, B6, C, zinc, copper and iodine. They required in low amount but are essential to in
take as they decreases the risk of low birth weight. The macro-nutrients are should be large in
amount as it provides the energy to the mother. This includes carbohydrates, fats and proteins. A
healthy diet is necessary to take by mothers as all nutrients are not present in the form of
supplements, they are necessary to take by the foods. The ratio of macro-nutrient for pregnant
women can vary because of the nutritional content present in them.
Literature Review
The basic understating about pregnancy
The pregnancy refers to the gestation period which occur when a sperm is fertilizes with
an egg and it released in the ovary which forms an embryo. Later on, the embryo develops and it
form the infant and after some months it develop into a child. On an average, the pregnancy last
for 40 weeks. According to the views given by Pomer and et. al. (2018), there are some early
symptoms of pregnancy which includes the missing period, bloating, constipation, vomiting,
swollen breasts, etc. It also includes the foetal development in which the growth of infant occur.

There are basically three trimesters occur in pregnancy which vary according to the symptoms in
women like hormonal changes which lead to other symptoms. In the first trimester, the body of a
pregnant women undergo many changes such as hormonal changes. These changes can appear
many symptoms like upset stomach with or without morning sickness, mood swings, headache,
gain or loss in weight, extreme tiredness. In the second trimester, most women suffers symptoms
like fatigue & nausea and the abdomen will also start expanding as the baby development occur.
Some other symptoms also appear during this trimester are body aches, dark skin patches, mask
of pregnancy also occur, swelling of face, fingers and ankles. For some women this stage is
found to be easier than other women.
The last third trimesters, the symptoms of second trimester continue in this trimester.
Some women found difficulty in breathing and other problems. As mentioned by Meinila J. and
et. al. (2019), the symptoms of trimesters occur due to the growth of baby as the baby
pressurizing the organs of mother. The others symptoms occur in this trimester are shortness of
breath, sleeping trouble, heartburn, moving of baby in the lower abdomen of mother. The
contractions may also occur in third trimesters which is a sign of real or false labour. Some
vaccines are given before the pregnancy such as mumps, rubella, measles to prevent from
disease. The dose of TDAP (Tetanus toxoid, reduced diptheria toxoid and acellular pertussis)
vaccine is given at the time of pregnancy and it prevent the baby from whopping cough. At the
time of pregnancy, the mother needs to be careful about her health as if the mother get ill it will
impact on her child. The pregnant women should also considered the pros and cons of medicines
as most of the medicine are not suitable at the time of pregnancy. The prenatal vitamins are safe
to take at the time of pregnancy as they are prescribe from health care.
There are lots of factors which affect during the pregnancy which includes proper healthy
and balanced diet, regular exercises, medication, etc. As per views of Baskin R., Hill B. and
Jacka F. N. (2019), the energy level is higher increase during the pregnancy as the developing
infant also need the energy to develop. The are lots of micronutrients are occur which are
necessary for women to intake as the pregnancy period is important for both mother and child in
womb. The main micronutrient which are to be taken by a mother such as vitamins which
includes folic acid, calcium ad iron. The proper intake of these nutrients are should be taken as
they are responsible for development and healthy life of infant. It also facilitate the changes in
women from which the women can gain a healthy life even after the birth of a child.

The ways of maintaining appropriate health during pregnancy
A woman health is crucial to the better health of baby. A pregnant lady who eat well and
exercise daily along with every day prenatal care are less susceptible to have abide by in the
duration of pregnancy. Leung C. W., Epel E. S. and Bush N. R. (2019) states that they are also
more probable to successfully give birth to a healthy infant.
There are various ways to maintain the health in the period of pregnancy-
 Nutrition- Eating a nutritious meal in the gestation time in related with good fetal
development of brain, reduces the risk of many birth defects, a healthy birth weight.
A balanced diet will also defeat with diseases like risk of anaemia, unpleasant pregnancy
symptoms for example morning sickness and fatigue. To consume good nutrition is thought to
support balance mood swings and it may amend delivery as well as labor. In a healthy diet of
pregnancy, it consider as protein, calcium, multi grain, Vitamin C, iron rich food, adequate fat,
folic acid etc.
 Prenatal Health Care- To protecting the health of baby is to acquire Prenatal care. If
lady thinks pregnancy then call doctors and care providers to schedule first prenatal
appointment to consult with them.
Throughout the pregnancy, they will check blood pressure and weight as well as also
analyse the development and growth of baby. According to Neiterman E. and Fox B. (2019),
during the continuance of pregnancy, also examine prenatal tests like urine, blood, cervical tests
and sonography.
 Sleep- It is very crucial to get enough sleep in time period of pregnancy. A pregnant lady
most probably feel more tired as well as baby gets bigger. Some doctors particularly
recommend women sleep on the left side. So that they should sleep in a very accurate
position by this mother could feel rest, will get relief from weary,
 Exercise- To maintain health in the duration of pregnancy, so a woman should do regular
exercise. A moderate workout is not only including safe for pregnant lady, its bucked up
and thought to get profit both mother and growing kid.
For the majority of normal pregnancies, exercise can do-
Increase energy level, strengthen muscles and endurance, relive constipation,m reduce
backaches etc. There are many exercise designed specifically to keep healthy in pregnancy
duration are aerobic like walking, jogging, swimming, stimulation of lungs and health, it

maintain muscle and joint activity for utilize oxygen And it support to improve alignment and
posture, build strength as well as it execute better respiration and circulation.
 Don't smoke and drink alcohol- Women should not drink alcohol during gestation
period and while breastfeeding. It enhances the hazard or risk of having a child with
foetal alcohol scope of condition. This can cause deviant facial characteristic, behavioural
problems, severe learning inability, obesity.
It can also effect baby wellness in the primary stages of pregnancy. Hence, women who
may turn pregnant also should not consume alcohol. As well as smoking is rheumatic for mother
and unborn child. It raise the risk of explosive infant death syndrome, miscarriages, immature
births and some various creaky terminations.
The importance of healthy diet in pregnancy
In order to attain a healthy life throughout the life it is necessary to maintain a healthy
diet in pregnancy. As per opinion given by Stoody E. E., Spahn J. M. Casavale K. O. (2019), the
women of every age especially child-having age of women need to take proper nutrition for their
better healthy life. As the pregnancy demands high quality of proper and balanced diet. A
healthy diet in or before pregnancy protects the mother and baby from the disease. The pregnant
women should take proper mix of nutrients so that the amount of nutrient can reach in mother
body appropriately. The healthy diet in pregnancy not means to eat more its only means to
increase the protein, fruits, grains and vegetables. The fetal systems of the body mainly uses the
protein which is the major in building of the body.
The good source of proteins are meat, beans and fish. Carbohydrates are also the major
source of energy as the energy is most required during the pregnancy. Renault K. M., Carlsen E.
M. and Hædersdal S. (2019) states that for development of fetal nervous system and for
absorption of vitamins, fats are most important factor use in nutrition. The healthy diet is
necessary for foetal development and it also plays the prevent from increasing the risk of baby
survive or die. The healthy diet in pregnancy also influence the foetus from learning the
nutritional habits which will go from throughout the life. The full increase healthy diet also
maintaining the glucose and insulin production which helps in the risk of low birth weight. The
poor nutrition results the increase of factors such as physical labour, cause of disease.
The main component of fruit and vegetables includes folic acid and vitamin C which is
the main source of a healthy diet. The vitamin C can be taken from oranges, honeydew &

grapefruit and the source of vegetables are tomatoes, broccoli and sprouts. The vegetables are
good source of folic acid. The diet of pregnant women should includes these different types of
nutrients which are important in pregnancy such as Calcium as it helps in building of bones, and
it also helps in prevent the high blood pressure. It also includes Choline which helps to prevent
the problems in brain and spinal cord of a baby. The Iodine is used to develop the nervous
system of baby. It also prevents miscarriage, deafness and mental disability and for the mother it
is helpful healthy thyroid (Schagdarsurengin and Steger, 2016). The iron also must include in the
healthy diet in pregnancy as it prevents premature delivery. It also helps to deliver the oxygen to
your growing baby and also deliver oxygen to the muscles of mother in order to prevent the
symptoms of weakness, depression and fatigue.
The healthy diet also refers not only to take the nutritional requirements but also to take
these nutrients in proper manner as the excessive cause adverse effect. It also refers the diet
which is taken on the right time as the intake of nutrients in wrong time can also alter the benefit
of it.
Project plan
A specific type of medical professional assists anticipate pregnant women in maintaining
their health and their unborn baby. Prenatal nurses assist to mothers who are avoid, expecting
and identify problems of health. During, before and after birth. The specialists helps to pregnant
lady in implementing and learning healthy habits in the duration of pregnancy.
There are some models to maintain health in pregnancy by some perinatal strategies
consider as-
Mercer's Maternal Role Attainment Theory- This model was formulated to serve as a
framework for nurses to gives proper health care to maintain pregnancy, intercession for non-
traditional mothers in order for them to evolve a strong maternal identity.
It is very profitable for surrogate or foster mothers or some others who find themselves in
the mother-like role anticipated (Bianchi and et. al., 2018). The procedure used in nursing model
to maintain health in pregnancy, assist the child- Mother relationships as the grows of infant.
The nursing process in this theory follows four stages of acquisition are formal, informal,
personal, anticipatory.

Anticipatory is the psychological and social adaptation to the role of mother. Other on is Formal
stage, it is the assumption of mother role at the time of birth, They are guided pregnant woman
by socials system or network.
In the Informal stage, when mother create own thoughts of mothering that are not
conveyed by social system. As well as in personal stage, female parent search harmony,
competence, confidence in the role of paternal.
Parse's Human Becoming Theory- This theory escort the pattern of nurses to focusing
on quality of life as it delineated and lived. To maintain health of a pregnant women by this
nursing model is specify a individual as open existence of who is more than and several from
assets of the parts (Aldhous, Hor and Reynolds, 2018).
The environment is indivisible from the people and complementation to develop with
populations. A wellness is the procedure becoming or being, and affect the reasoning of belief.
Nursing is determined as a human science and art which uses an abstract body of knowledge to
assist those people who need them.
This strategy render transformative formulation to overall levels of nursing as well as it
provide the ability of nurses to see the perspective of patient in a positive manner. A pregnant
women and care worker relationship co-develop to modify health patterns. They are living with
the creation of human becoming in proximity with the synchronizing rhythms, transcendence,
unfolding of meaning.
The Parse's scheme consider a symbol with three constituents are-
 The joining in the centre of the signal correspond the co-developed reciprocal human
universe activity at the level of ontological and health professional and patient procedure.
 The green and black swirls interlace stand for the human-like existence co creative
activity as an current process of flattering in healthy diet maintain care in pregnancy
(Thomson and et. al., 2016).
 The black and white colours symbolize the alternate contradiction is important to
ontology of seemly human as well as green typify hope.
Watson's philosophy and science of caring
Watson's implies that society, environment addresses the thoughts in which nurses have
subsist in every society. An attitude of caring is transmissible from generation to people by the

civilization of the health care provider occupational group as a specific way of header with
surroundings.
This process defined in this model, it carry the same steps like assessment, intervention,
plan and evaluation. To maintain health and diet for a pregnant lady, so nurses have to create a
care plan which support to determine them. And how variables would be analysed or measured
and collected. The evaluation interprets the results, analyse the data or may lead to an advanced
possibility (Dawson, Dash and Jacka, 2016).
Watson's model makes several assumptions are-
 For a pregnant women caring can be very effectively practised and incontestable only
interpersonally.
 Protection of baby and mother consists of care nature factors which result in the
satisfaction of definite needs of human beings.
 Effective care to execute individual, health and family growth.
 The responsibility of caring regarding a pregnant woman and what they may become.
 A science of affectionate is antonymous to the curing.
 The pattern of caring is fundamental to health professional.
 The environment for care of maternal and infant is one sour the development of potency
while allowing the patient to select the better action for them at a given point of time.
Kings Theory of Goal Attainment
This model is determined interpersonal relationship, dynamic in which a patient develop
and grow to attain certain goals of life. This theory has several systems of interacting like
Personal system are perception, body image, space, time, self, growth etc. other one is
interpersonal, it include communication, interaction, stress, transaction (Hill and et. al., 2016).
Moreover, the tertiary method is the social system are authority, power, status, decision making,
organisation for maintaining their diet and health in the duration of pregnancy.
This theory justify that classification occurs during fundamental interaction. The care
workers takes knowledge or skills whereas the patient brings cognition to them. on the other
hand the representation of issues of involvement to the interaction. For the development of
mother and baby nurse collect their whole information or data.

The diagnosis of nursing is developed using the collection of data assessment. In this
procedure of achieve their aims and goals, the nurse recognise concerns, problems and
disturbances just about which the patient is attempting support.
After the diagnosis, caregiver and some other health care team members to create a care
idea to figure out the recognised issues. The planning is depicted by scope of goals and devising
conclusion about the way to get those goals. This part of dealing and the patients involvement is
boost in making determination on the substance to reach their goals.
To maintain the well being and diet for a pregnant women, it consist that the effectuation
time period of the health profession act is the potential activities to achieve the goals. As well as
they are concern to influence whether or not content were achieved, the statement of this theory
addresses gathering goals and the effectualness or health professional care for keeping healthy
diet in a pregnant lady.
Gantt chart
Project Task 1st week 2nd
week
3rd
week
4th
week
5th
week
6th
week
7th
week
8th
week
Project planning
Team recruitment
Literature review
Training sessions or
pre natal nursing
theories
Implementation