Exploring Key Challenges Hindering India's Economic Growth Trajectory

This essay examines the key challenges hindering India's economic growth, focusing on deficiencies in the education sector, the prevalence of child labor, and the persistent issue of unemployment. It highlights the poor quality of education, emphasizing the lack of practical skills and inadequate teacher training, contributing to a significant skills gap among the youth. The essay also addresses child labor, linking it to poverty and social inequality, and discusses its detrimental effects on children's well-being and future prospects. Furthermore, it explores the causes of unemployment, including population growth and a mismatch between education and market demands. The essay proposes solutions such as improving the education system through technology and skill-based training, implementing policies to combat child labor, and creating employment opportunities by investing in key sectors and controlling population growth. It concludes that addressing these challenges is crucial for India to achieve its full economic potential and create a better future for its citizens. Desklib provides access to similar solved assignments and past papers.

Challenges in India’s Growth
India is a developing country and has been facing various challenges in terms of
educational sector, urbanization, lack of employment and certain health issues. In this essay
we would be discussing about the some of the challenges and their solutions. India has taken
steps to provide educational facilities among children’s but have failed as the quality of
education is very poor. The main reason behind India’s slow growth is child labour and
unemployment.
The educational system which was developed for betterment of students is not skill
based it is more about theoretical knowledge and less practical knowledge. If compared with
the educational system of other countries, India is far behind. It was reported that primary
education of India is flawed as some children’s are not able to read basic paragraphs or solve
maths some due to lack of some facilities 1. Teachers are mostly not present at the duty and
they do not ensure that children’s understand the lectures or not. The reason for this failure is
1R. Dwivedi and Naithani, A., 2015. Primary education in India: role and responsibilities of
school management committee (under right to education act). Management Insight, 11(1).

education is not considered as an essential part in some regions. Some school due to have
proper infrastructure as well and in India the education system focus on theoretical aspects
and they do not deliver practical knowledge among them. The poor educational system is due
to poorly qualified teachers and uneven ratio of student and teacher as well as there are
insufficient teaching materials. Teachers also use outdate teaching methods that results in low
quality of education 2. Solution for this problem is improving the system by making use of
effective technology that ensures quality learning is delivered. Technology is a tool that
improves the way of delivering education various initiatives are taken by government of India
like opening digital study halls as well as opening many corporations that provide teachers
with training sessions and also builds proper assessment system 3. They revise the education
plan by focusing on practical knowledge that helps in developing the skills. Educational is
made compulsory as well as the teaching method is changed that deals more with projects
and practical assignments 4.
2 A. Mangla, 2017. Elite strategies and incremental policy change: The expansion of primary
education in India. Governance. 31(6).
3 S. Bliss, 2017. Natural resources: Child labour in India's mica mines: The global beauty
industry. Geography Bulletin, 49(3), p.23.
4 R. Mathew and Balachandran, U., 2018. Comparison of the Educational System in
Singapore and India and How India Can Reform Its Current Practices to Improve the Quality
of Learning, 45(6).

Other issue in India is child labour due to which India is not able to grow rapidly. As
the children’s are involved in performing activities just to earn money and they do not focus
on their education. They don’t get any chance to achieve success in their life as they have
lack of primary education. The main reason of child labour is poverty as they do not have
much employment opportunities so they indulge their children’s in activities so that they can
make money 5. Other than poverty social security is also the reason of child labour. The gap
is increasing between rich and poor as they have lack of educational system in poor regions.
So children’s usually drop out from school and get indulged in child labour. Child labour has
a very negative impact on mental health as well as physiological behaviour of children.
5F.R.M., Ali, 2018. In the Same Boat, but not Equals: The Heterogeneous Effects of Parental
Income on Child Labour. The Journal of Development Studies, pp.1-14.

The solution to this problem is removing poverty this could be done by providing
finical support to poor families. Government has developed various policies to increase the
awareness regarding the consequences of child labour and supporting them economically by
making educational system affordable for poor people. Various anti child labour laws are also
implemented to avoid this issue from ground level. Certain initiatives are taken by
government of India to stop child labour6. These laws include schemes that provide funds for
education system and special schools are opened for children who cannot afford education.
Not only basic formal education is provided but informal knowledge is also delivered. It also
includes training sessions that are created to promote students to study more.
The reason due to which India is not able to achieve rapid growth is unemployment.
Youth are the source of economic growth in the country and majority of the youth in India
are unemployed. The reason of unemployment is larger population growth and less
employment opportunities available in the market. The population is increasing day by day
6 S.H., Cho, Fang, X., Tayur, S.R. and Xu, Y., 2017. Combating child labor: Incentives and
information disclosure in global supply chains.

but there is no improvement in the industrial sector of the country. Apart from that youth are
educated but they have lack of technical knowledge that is why they remain unemployed.
The solution to this problem is providing practical education system so that they get
appropriate jobs. To resolve the issue of unemployment appropriate policies are designed to
generate opportunities for employment. This could be done by investing more in sectors that
has better job opportunities 7. The one reason for unemployment is lack of educational
attainment or due to poor skills that do not meet the market requirements. Apart from
improving the educational system the appropriate solution for the unemployment issue is
controlling the rising population of our country 8. Laws have been implemented by
government of India to have small families. Apart from that government has focused on
improving the lifestyle of rural areas so that people do not migrate to urban areas in search of
job opportunities. To get more job opportunities government have allowed foreign companies
to come to India and open they units so that better opportunities will be available for people.
Thus from this essay it can be concluded that there are various issues in India that is
stopping it grow rapidly. India’s greatest obstacle to growth is poor industrial sector and
education system is also a scandal. Various steps are undertaken by Modi government that
has made changes in the motive of improving curriculums. He has promised to create a “new
India” with better opportunity.
7 P. Bhattacharya and Sato, T., 2017. Estimating regional returns to education in India: A
fresh look with pseudo-panel data. Progress in Development Studies, 17(4), pp.282-290.
8 K.F. Zimmermann, Biavaschi, C., Eichhorst, W., Giulietti, C., Kendzia, M.J., Muravyev, A.,
Pieters, J., Rodríguez-Planas, N. and Schmidl, R., 2013. Youth unemployment and vocational
training. Foundations and Trends® in Microeconomics, 9(1–2), pp.1-157.

Bibliography
Ali, F.R.M., 2018. In the Same Boat, but not Equals: The Heterogeneous Effects of Parental
Income on Child Labour. The Journal of Development Studies, pp.1-14.
Bhattacharya, P. and Sato, T., 2017. Estimating regional returns to education in India: A fresh
look with pseudo-panel data. Progress in Development Studies, 17(4), pp.282-290.
Bliss, S., 2017. Natural resources: Child labour in India's mica mines: The global beauty
industry. Geography Bulletin, 49(3), p.23.
Cho, S.H., Fang, X., Tayur, S.R. and Xu, Y., 2017. Combating child labor: Incentives and
information disclosure in global supply chains.
Dwivedi, R. and Naithani, A., 2015. Primary education in India: role and responsibilities of
school management committee (under right to education act). Management Insight, 11(1).
Mangla, A., 2017. Elite strategies and incremental policy change: The expansion of primary
education in India. Governance. 31(6).
Mathew, R. and Balachandran, U., 2018. Comparison of the Educational System in Singapore
and India and How India Can Reform Its Current Practices to Improve the Quality of
Learning, 45(6).
Zimmermann, K.F., Biavaschi, C., Eichhorst, W., Giulietti, C., Kendzia, M.J., Muravyev, A.,
Pieters, J., Rodríguez-Planas, N. and Schmidl, R., 2013. Youth unemployment and vocational
training. Foundations and Trends® in Microeconomics, 9(1–2), pp.1-157.