Evaluation of a Research Article on Indigenous Health in Canada

This report provides a critical evaluation of a research article focusing on Indigenous health issues in Canada. The selected article, "Connection to the land as a youth-identified social determinant of Indigenous Peoples’ health" by Lines and Jardine (2019), is analyzed. The report examines the study's objective, which explores the social determinants of health affecting Indigenous communities, including inequalities, poverty, and lack of access to treatment. The methodology, based on participatory research with the Yellowknives Dene First Nation youth, is assessed for its approach to gathering perceptions and cultural skills. The findings highlight increased food insecurity, higher rates of infectious diseases, and disparities in healthcare access, as well as the impact of cultural factors. The report also discusses inequalities in income, education, and treatment opportunities. The conclusion emphasizes the need for addressing health disparities and promoting cultural rights within Indigenous communities in Canada. This report provides a concise overview of the article's context, methodology, findings, and significance.

RUNNING HEAD: HEALTHCARE 0
INDIGENOUS HEALTH

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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
Article..............................................................................................................................................2
Objective of the study......................................................................................................................2
Methodology....................................................................................................................................3
Findings...........................................................................................................................................3
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................4
References........................................................................................................................................5

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Introduction
The health issues among indigenous people of Canada are mainly due to various factors
which includes political social as well as culture factors. The estimation describes that in Canada
about 55% of the indigenous community is being diagnosed in comparison to non-aboriginal
community. Therefore, there is relationship among the land, culture knowledge with the health
of the indigenous communities in Canada (Lines & Jardine, 2019). The basic needs and other
related aspects is considered the main reason for increasing stress, anxiety etc. In the report, one
article is selected which defines “Indigenous health issues in Canada” and discussion is made on
the reason of health issue.
Article
Lines, L. A., & Jardine, C. G. (2019). Connection to the land as a youth-identified social
determinant of Indigenous Peoples’ health. BMC public health, 19(1), 176. doi: 10.1186/s12889-
018-6383-8
Objective of the study
Social determinants of the indigenous community health include several determinants
such as inequalities and other related factors. The estimation also describes that life expectation
of the indigenous community of Canada is 20 years lower as compared to other communities.
There is various reasons which increase the health problems such as poverty, tuberculosis as well
as lack of treatment (Lines & Jardine, 2019). Therefore, there is high level of mortality rate this
increase the cardiovascular disease and raise other infectious diseases that is malaria is become
the major issue among the indigenous community. There are some mechanisms which are
developed to reduce the health problems in the indigenous community which includes policy
makers, communities and government officials.
Researcher conducted this research it is because self determination and collective rights
among the indigenous communities it is because this increases the mental health issues which
include depression, suicide etc. Therefore, the objective of the study is to understand the
percentage of health issues indigenous communities faced as well as social; determinants which

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increase the health problems among the indigenous in Canada. The indigenous people rank
lowest in terms of health that is in the year 2015, 29% of the indigenous people suffered from
lower education. This research is selected it is because not much of the study is conducted to
understand the health related issues among the community that is in the present study researchers
address others aspects which includes identifying the factors which affects the health problems in
the community (Lines & Jardine, 2019).
Methodology
The study was conducted through the” yellowknives Dene First Nation youth” which
increase the participation and participated in the camp of leadership. The research is conducted
to take their opinion and perception about the cultural skills, perspectives of the health agency
regarding the perception of the communities about the health problems and cultural skills (Lines
& Jardine, 2019). The study was conducted in Canada by adopting participatory approach that is
community based approach leads in increasing the opportunities of the youth to participate in the
study. The perception of the communities is taken through the survey, sharing circles so that
proper information is gathered from large number of respondents.
Researchers also conducted the approach in which various aspects of the respondents is
determined which includes trust as well as building relationship etc (Lines & Jardine, 2019).
Therefore, through this study collaboration among the communities and relationship is increased
this gives the opportunities to understand the problems and issues of the indigenous community;
this also results in promoting the social change and motivate the respondents because of
providing the major challenges through which dealt rate of the indigenous is increased in Canada
(Lines & Jardine, 2019). This supports the researchers to get the accurate findings and focuses on
getting the different and appropriate according to the subject matter.
Findings
The findings of the researchers evaluated that number of indigenous people in Canada
experience more food insecurity through which there health issues among the indigenous is
increased that is infectious diseases, accidents, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Therefore the
consumption of the tobacco is also increased because of high level of stress and tension etc .In

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Canada child mortality is also faced by that community majority of the population is suffering
from obesity (Lines & Jardine, 2019). The death rate of the indigenous community is less
through because of less awareness about the factors and more rate of cancer patients. The
community also does not the cultural opportunities and affects the standard of living the reason
can also be due to more rates of illness, mortality and death of the populations. In Canada
inequalities is considered the major problem through which the community does not get the
equal rights and cultural which influenced several factors and reduce the ability of the
community to adopt the change.
There are various reasons of raise in health issues which includes unequal income,
education facilities, people well-being as well as lower opportunities to get the quality treatments
in Canada (Lines & Jardine, 2019). The indigenous population in Canada also does not get the
cultural rights to use the philosophies and aspects which lead in findings difficulties in
maintaining the ethics. The other reason includes less social determinants facilities which include
housing, government support, recognition etc.
The estimation also revealed that Canada suffered from high degree of heart disease as
well as increases the respiratory issues towards indigenous population and raises the suicide rate
(Lines & Jardine, 2019). Therefore the government also develops several policies to reduce the
inequalities and to provide quality treatment to the indigenous patients, but still rate of health
problems does not decreased. The population face problem because of inadequate housing
facilities, lower level of income, more unemployment as well as high rate of mortality among the
young indigenous children.
Conclusion
From the above, it is conclude that in Canada majority of the indigenous population
diagnosed from the several health issues which includes diabetes, chronic diseases and other
respiratory diseases. The majority of the population also suffered through the high level of
burden because of several activities such as lack of education and awareness about various issues
and aspects. The above article reviewed also describe that there can be many reason such as lack
of basic facilities and other major rights. The indigenous community also does not get adequate

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right about their culture and social factors. The government made several initiatives but
inequalities is still become the major issue among the community in Canada.
References
Lines, L.-A., & Jardine, C. G. (2019). Connection to the land as a youth-identified social
determinant of Indigenous Peoples’ health. BMC public health , 19 (1), 176. doi:
10.1186/s12889-018-6383-8