Report: Industrialization in Australia and its Impacts

This report provides a detailed analysis of industrialization in Australia, beginning around 1750, and its multifaceted impacts. It examines the influence of industrialization on key sectors like gold, coal, agriculture, mining, manufacturing, technology, and transport. The report highlights the role of the gold industry and the introduction of steam-powered machinery. It explores the social and economic changes, including class differences, the growth of colonies, and the significance of transportation. Furthermore, the report addresses the negative consequences of industrialization such as unhealthy environments, poor working conditions, child labor, and financial imbalances in both domestic and global markets. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of government strategies for the sustainable implementation of industrialization, drawing on the historical context and its implications for Australia's economic growth. The report references various sources to support its findings.

Industrialization in Australia

Executive summary
Industrialization can be considered as the revolution in the Industries in many forms. It has
many positive impacts as well as negative impacts on society. In this report we are going to
discuss the term Industrialization in respect of country Australia and its various impacts on
Australia's societies. Industrialization came into existence in Australia in the year 1750. This
process had impacted on many fields such as: Gold industry, coal industry, agriculture,
mining, manufacturing, technology and transport etc. The main issue due to Industrialization
is the differences between classes. The success of Industrialization depends on the way how
Australia emulated the Industrialization process from western countries. The position of
Australia in global economy is different. In second section of this report we have concluded
the issues which we can see in Australian Industrialization. This revolution of
industrialization took place during 18-19th century. Industrialization had affected the history
of Australia in positive way and at present all the mentioned industries are contributing in the
growth of economy. First industry which was studied for industrialization was founded
related with whale products. As per the history, till 1850 Australia was considered as one of
the richest country. In the last four decades of 19th century, some other colonies were
established in Australia such as Queensland, Tasmania and Victoria. The foundation for the
development of these colonies was totally different but the aim was one of participating in the
growth of Australia. This paper will be helpful to correlate these various enterprises and also
analyse the problems which might occur due to Industrialization. In Australian history, the
mobility is the main aspect of social and economic life of Australia. Due to transportation of
goods and human beings, the overall economic condition of Australia became very strong.
The main issues caused by this process may be: Unhealthy environment, complicated
working conditions, child labour and discrepancy in the social life of Australian people.
Industrialization caused imbalance in the financial conditions in the domestic and world-wide
market of Australia. The performance of organizations during the Industrialization period can
be explained as Economic boom which is also reviewed while doing research of this paper.
Table of Contents
Executive summary...............................................................................................................................1
Introduction...........................................................................................................................................1
Issues Related To Industrialisation in Australia.....................................................................................3
Conclusion.............................................................................................................................................4
References.............................................................................................................................................4
1

Introduction
Industrialization can be expressed as the establishment of industries and new modern
techniques that leads to a whole new era for modernisation. Industrialization can also be
expressed as the “Industrial Revolution”.
The vital industrial revolution in Australia took place in (1750-1914), that was the most
fascinating duration and a significant step for modernisation in the history of modern world
(Moore, 2014). It has so many impacts and was the catalyst for dramatic social variations.
This revolution was more than the chimneys, small boys struggling for satanic mills. The
industrialization had a major link with the gold, as the gold was been found in Victoria in
1851, when the industrialization in Britain was on its best. In the same year The Great
Exhibition was staged in Hyde Park London at famous Crystal Palace. This was organised by
both of the industrial technology and design as a celebration of modernisation, and also show
cased British Industrial Superiority. Around 6 million people that was equivalent to one-third
of the whole population of Britain at that time, visited the Exhibition and many of them were
soon to there to join the mass migration to the goldfields (Gray, 2016).
The people who travelled to Australia in the 1850s brought the experience, knowledge and
the great skills that lead to the major industrial revolution. Many of them had ridden in the
trains, and were confident enough that this would bring the new stream and the powered age
would establish Australia as the most powerful nation on earth, as they had also worked in
the modern industrial factories of that time (Macapuno, 2014). Some of them also travelled
Australia as the Great Britain iron hulled auxiliary ocean- that was the going stream
passenger ship ever built. The diggings area that represented the early years on the goldfields
majorly expressed the pre-industrial technology, as the work was done using the human or
horse power (Hoy, 2014).
Timeline representation of Industrialization process in Australia
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During the 1850s, the gold became more complicated to reach, the miners on the Victorian
Goldfields also applied the knowledge that they got in Industrialization of Britain. As a result
they rapidly introduced steam-powered machinery so as to access the tasks that next to
impossible for the humans and the horse power (Goh, 2016). The technology boomed as the
Industrial Revolution had now already created the major methods that had a vital need to
reach the gold buried deeply in the ground (Loosemore, 2015).
Among this the Sovereign Hills were having the largest collection of working steam-driven
technology in Victoria. It also consisted of wheelwright’s factory rows of machinery that
were firstly steam-driven, and still turned the tree trunks into wooden spoke wheels (wadera,
2015). This was a major example of an early established factory demonstrating the techniques
of mass production. The modern machinery was really worth a visit a Sovereign Hill. It was
from the Defence factory in Ohio in the USA from the 1880s and was being installed at the
Sovereign hill to show the transition from handmade wooden wheels using machinery that
are simple to be mechanised production line process, when the components were made an
masse and were assembled almost like a kit.
Issues Related To Industrialisation in Australia
 Unhygienic Surroundings and Slums
Despite of many of the positive effects, industrialization had also lead to many of the
negative effects during the revolution (jones, 2016). Urban areas were increasing their
landmarks and size that lead to the overcrowding in settled areas. In this case the population
is was so increased that it also lead to arise many of the health problems and severe diseases.
Living conditions were also affected as they became more dirty and unhygienic, soon the
diseases filled the streets as there were not many sanitation codes in the settled areas.
 Working in Factories
Factory work was dangerous as well as not that hygienic to have a proper working. The
bosses strictly made their employees to work in that conditions forcefully and also not treated
them well as they were generally underpaid and also were not provided with proper facilities
(smith, 2015). Most of the times workers were made to overwork and they also were not
provided with sufficient money in return for their labour work. This is indirectly resulted in
the short life expectancy, if the workers worked in such a conditions. The working hours in a
day were always so long as the working in factories were made deep indoors that didn’t
include the sunlight so as to extend the working time (Harvie, 2003). There were also no such
regulations set by the government for those workers who were working in such conditions.
 Child Labour
As the revolutions came into existence, there was a sudden need for the manpower and as a
result children were also forced to work to make the sufficient earnings for their family. Soon
they initiated to hire the children for working in the factories as they were small and also
were able to cross the tiny holes in the mines or factories (Simpson, 2014). It was found best
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at that time as they now had an ease to perform the work that had a requirement of small
hands.
 Wage Slavery
Workers were given very low wages even after working so hard in such situations, those
wages were so low even those of fairs at that time. Unfortunately, survival was made so
difficult that the workers were bound to work, and a major need for work was established
among the people, and made them slaves for both of their jobs and that also on the minimum
wages.
Though the industrial revolution helped Australia in many ways, it also lead to many harms
in return. The lack of sanitation facilities got to result in many health problems and also lead
to sickness among the people, and dirty societies (Lee, 2003). The working conditions also
hurt the workers and the citizens in various ways that was leading to fatigue and illness.
Children were also taken forcefully from their homes to work in such conditions, they were
also bought to farms and were made to work there in those dirty and unhygienic factories.
Poor working situations and the child labour were the two major issues courtesy of Industrial
Revolution.
Conclusion
The outcome of this paper can be defined as, that the Industrialization can be very important
for the growth of any country. It takes time and is a continual and steady growth. It has a
large scope of research with respect to the future aspect. For the better implementation of
Industrialization, the government must plan strategy for small, medium and large scale
organizations.
References
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Harvie, C., 2003. http://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1066&context=commwkpapers.
[Online]
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Hoy, J., 2014. education.sovereignhill.com.au. [Online]
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InvestigtatingIR.pdf
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jones, P., 2016. effects-in-the-1800s-1900s. [Online]
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[Accessed 14 October 2017].
Lee, D. R., 2003. www.environment.gov.au. [Online]
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Loosemore, H., 2015. www.environment.gov.au/climate-change/climate-science-data/climate-
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Macapuno, H., 2014. industrial-revolution-impact-on-australia. [Online]
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Moore, W. E., 2014. industrialization. [Online]
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Simpson, M., 2014. australia-and-the-industrial-revolution-impact-of-the-first-railways. [Online]
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