Semester 1 Report: Information Systems & Big Data Analysis

This report provides an analysis of information systems and big data, starting with an overview of software like Microsoft Office and Moodle, highlighting their inclusive design methodologies and applications in e-learning. It delves into decision support systems (DSS), executive support systems (ESS), transaction processing systems (TPS), management information systems (MIS), and knowledge management systems (KMS), illustrating their functions and providing real-world examples. Furthermore, the report explores the impact of IT on globalization, emphasizing the roles of IoT, AI, and blockchain in facilitating international exchange and collaboration. Finally, the report discusses digital infrastructure, using data centers and cloud computing as examples, outlining their advantages and disadvantages in terms of cost, control, security, and accessibility. Desklib offers a variety of similar documents and study resources for students.

Information Systems & Big
Data Analysis
BSC (Hons) BUSINESS MANAGEMENT WITH
FOUNDATION
SEMESTER 1, EXAMINATION 2021/22

NFORMATION SYSTEM & BIG DATA ANALYSIS
MODULE NO: BMP4005
ANSWER BOOKLET
All the pages of the answer booklet should be submitted including blank ones.
Please type your answers in the spaces provided.
Insert additional pages where required.
Student Name
ID Number

SECTION A
1.0
Microsoft Office:
The designing and development of the Microsoft included inclusive design methodology.
This was born out of the digital environment that has been considered to be the key for the
development of full range of human diversity. It is also said to be the very important for the
means of including and learning form the people with range of perspectives (Amrizal, Tukino
and Harman, 2021). For the development of this software the recognition of the exclusion was
used in which the design was made for opening up the products and services for the more people
that reflect the way in which the people performed. It was created for the purpose of providing
solution that was related to the developing abilities towards the way sin which the people can use
the software for their benefit universally. Being diverse was also very important for this software
as it was considered to be the key for being able to applicable for everyone. It was the key
objective of the software to be adoptable towards the centre of the start process that is said to be
the fresh and diverse perspectives.
Moodle:
Moodle which is a very popular learning management system was created for the e-
learning that had portals and websites that provided a very robust system that has been
personalised for being used in the learning environments. The built of this software was on the
PHP platform that is considered to be very flexible for the ways in which the customization can
be done towards the meeting of specific business needs. It was very reliable as the Moodle
development has been considered to be the key factor that is able to help the users recognize the
process for creating a publishing the content. The development of this software done for
providing consultation service, LMS customization, LMS migration and integration. LMS
mobile App and Plugin Development. The specialization of this application was done in the end
to end Moodle development solutions that had the expertise in the handling of the organization
from different sectors. It was also present for assuring the that there is going to be standard of
delivery that is going to be very essential for the maintaining of quality. Development of this
software was for supporting the wide range of activities that were related to the utmost
confidence and professionalism. A big part of this software was the innovation that is brought to

the users that required the effective features that is essential for the aid of the learning
management.
2.0
DSS (Decision Support System)
The decision support system is a computerized program which has been used for the
supporting of the determinations, judgements and the course of actions that the organization is
looking to take. DSS is known to be able to sift through and analyse large amounts of data that is
considered to be very useful for the comprehensive information that is used for the best solution
which are required for the decision making (Primawanti and Ali, 2022). GPS route planning is a
type of DSS that help the users with the information that is related to locations. ERP dashboards
is also a DSS as it visualizes the change in the production and business process for monitoring of
performance.
ESS (Executive Support System)
Executive support system I the software which is allowing the users to be able to
transform the enterprise data into a quickly accessible and executive level reports. It is also used
for making the billing, accounting and staffing departments. It is said to be very effective for
enhancing the decision making for the executives. Example for ESS are Cambridge Systematics
has an ESS which is use for investment planning process. Executive Support System developed
by Meditech is also an ESS that provides useful health care organization with quick access to
reports.
TPS (Transaction Processing System)
Transaction process system also known as TPS is an information processing system
which is used for the business transaction that involves the collection, modification and the
retrieval of data used in transaction. The characteristics for TPS is used for the inclusion of
performance, reliability and consistency that is very important for the business. Example,
Employee records, and Hotel reservation systems. This kind of information processing system is
very useful for the example provided.
MIS (Management Information System)
Management information system is the study that is able to indicate the people
technology and the organization and their relations between them (Apriyansyah, 2022). Hence,

this is used by the professionals to be able to maximize the communication for benefitting the
investment in personnel, equipment and business process. Example, Payroll processing software
and E-commerce business utilize this system as it helps them to make better communication
between each other.
KSM (Knowledge Management System)
The knowledge management system is the system that is able to organize the generation
of the increase in the value of their intellectual capital and the ones that is no used for the
software application. Example, the example of this system is community forums and self-service
portals which are able to utilize the software for being able to deliver the intellectual capital.
3.0
Globalisation and effects of IT on Globalisation:
Globalisation simply means integration of various economies together which allows free
trade to be done, flowing of capital freely among the various countries and having access to the
foreign resources easily including the labour for maximization of returns and for benefitting
commonly. It involves spreading of ideas, knowledge, goods, information and services across the
world (Cheng and et.al., 2018). It is achieved through convergence of various cultures and
economic systems which helps in promoting and necessitating enhanced interaction, enhanced
integration and enhanced interdependence among the countries. Globalisation has made possible
seamless and swift movements of money material, people, products and information across the
boundaries of the nations.
Now, IT has majorly affected the process of globalisation which is explained as follow:
 IoT and AI – Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence have effectively enabled process
of tracking the assets which are in transit as they transfer across the boundaries rendering the
management of cross – border product efficient and effective.
 Blockchain – It enables the decentralized databases and storage to be developed which will
assist in supporting the tracking of such supply chain. It also facilitates the access to the data
securely which is required in the industries of health care.
 Exchange of resources – It can be said that IT is the core on which efficient globalisation
depends. Equipment like internet, microchip, etc. has given significant contribution towards
the exchange of resources like ideas, people and capital.

SECTION – B
Question – 1
EXAMPLE 1 OF DIGITAL INFRASTRUCTURE
Definition:
The information technology and operations of any organisation is provided by the digital
technologies utilized in these organisation which is referred to as Digital Infrastructure. Now, to
keep up with the demands of the customers and enhance the employee productivity, a sustainable
digital platform also known as Digital Infrastructure is used and monitored. This allows setting
up of effective communications with the customers and utilizing latest technologies for
conducting the business. One of the example of digital infrastructure is Data Centre. It is an
internet platform that allows an organisation to centralize its operations related to information
technology and the related equipment for storage, processing and disseminating of data and the
particular applications in use (Caldera and et.al., 2021). There are most crucial to the day – to –
day operations of the organisation as they cover the assets which are most critical and
proprietary. To ensure the security and easy availability of the data, industry exists are framed
which design, construct and maintain these facilities and infrastructure of data centre. There are
various types of data centres like enterprise data centres, colocation data centres, managed
service data centres and cloud data centres. The enterprise data centres are most common among
the IT entities as they are organisation specific and serve the internal purposes.
Advantages:
 One of the most common advantage of data centre is that the services provided by it to the
customers are at affordable rates in plans like lease period.
 A robust ecosystem of software and hardware is offered via data centres.
 As the load is evenly distributed across the various cluster nodes, an effective system
performance is offered.
 Lastly, it allows permanent availability of the services through these data centres as there are
no failover because of backup of the system.
Disadvantages:
 The biggest disadvantage to the companies availing the services of data centres is that there
is no complete control available locally to these companies which hire these resources.

 This is because of the fact that the human resources and hardware resources always are kept
at the remote location.
 Connectivity to the internet at the place of the customer will affect the utilization and quality
of the services provided by the data centres.
 Restrictions on security features.
EXAMPLE 2 OF DIGITAL INFRASTRUCTURE
Definition:
Another example of Digital Infrastructure is the Cloud. It is not a physical organisation
but is a network or combination of various servers. These various servers have different
functions to play and thus is responsible for delivering of particular services to their users like
storing the personal data, large sized files, documents and photographs on the cloud or server. It
also allows to access specific services related to the function of the cloud like editing photos and
videos and accessing the computer graphics. The users of these clouds can also store the
computer programmes and software on the cloud so there is no need to store them on the
personal devices and use up the extra storage (Sadeeq and et.al., 2021). These are located in the
data centres that are located around the world. As the files and application are stored on the
cloud and not on the personal devices, they can be accessed by the users from anywhere and any
device. This is the reason a user can log in to his social media account from any device with all
the multimedia on such account intact as it should be. It is of various types like private cloud,
public cloud, hybrid cloud and multi cloud.
Advantages:
 There are various advantages of cloud computing like it provides back – up and restoration of
data.
 It allows quick and efficient collaboration among a group of people as they are able to share
information and data on the cloud easily and quickly.
 Cloud allows quick and easy access to the information and data from anywhere in the world
at any time using an internet connection.
 Cloud has resulted into reduction of costs for the organisation for maintaining the hardware
and software.
Disadvantages:

 As it is known that these clouds can be accessed only by connecting to the internet so in case
of absence of good internet connection, this data and information stored on the cloud cannot
be accessed.
 The users of these clouds have lesser control over the functions within the infrastructure of a
cloud as these are wholly owned, handled and supervised by the service provider.
 By storing the sensitive information of an organisation on the cloud, the service provider is
having the access to such an information which is a major concern.
 Risk of hacking of such sensitive information.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Amrizal, A., Tukino, T. and Harman, R., 2021. PKM Pelatihan Microsoft Office 2016 yang
Efektif dan Efisien pada HIMPAUDI di Kecamatan Batam Kota. PUAN INDONESIA.
3(1). pp.29-40.
Apriyansyah, H., 2022. Literature Review of: Decision Support System: Organization, Human
Resources and Knowledge Management. Dinasti International Journal of Economics,
Finance & Accounting. 3(2). pp.136-148.
Caldera, S. and et.al., 2021. Exploring the Role of Digital Infrastructure Asset Management
Tools for Resilient Linear Infrastructure Outcomes in Cities and Towns: A Systematic
Literature Review. Sustainability. 13(21). p.11965.
Cheng, Q. and et.al., 2018. Recent advances in optical technologies for data centers: a
review. Optica. 5(11). pp.1354-1370.
Primawanti, E. P. and Ali, H., 2022. Pengaruh Teknologi Informasi, Sistem Informasi Berbasis
Web Dan Knowledge Management Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Literature Review
Executive Support Sistem (Ess) for Business). Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen Sistem
Informasi. 3(3). pp.267-285.
Sadeeq, M. M. and et.al., 2021. IoT and Cloud computing issues, challenges and opportunities: A
review. Qubahan Academic Journal. 1(2). pp.1-7.