COIT20274 - Information Systems: Assignment 1 Annotated Bibliography

This annotated bibliography presents a detailed analysis of six articles relevant to a case study on HomePlus (HP), a small business facing challenges as it expands. The bibliography justifies the selection of these references for a subsequent assignment, highlighting their relevance to key questions about information systems, social innovation, and supply chain management. The articles cover topics such as different types of information systems, social innovation frameworks, change management in social innovation, the value of intranets, internet, and extranets, and the impact of supply chain information systems on performance. The analysis emphasizes the importance of information systems like DSS and MIS in supporting business decisions and addressing security and ethical concerns. The annotated bibliography provides a comprehensive overview of the chosen sources and their applicability to the case study, aiming to inform readers about the quality and relevance of the cited materials.

Running head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Annotated Bibliography
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Assignment 1
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Introduction
This paper shall elaborate on undertaking a literature search for gathering appropriate
references for supporting the answers, arguments and recommendations for the questions
based on the case study. The purpose of this paper is to justify the use of six individual
references for assignment 2 and how they are relevant to the case study questions. The
structure that is chosen for this paper is that of an annotated bibliography. The main aim of
this paper is to inform the readers about the relevance and quality of the sources that are cited
with that of the seven questions mentioned on the HomePlus (HP) business.
It is to mention that HP is a small firm that prepares and supplies the pre-packed home
supplies and was founded by Colin Clever in New South Wales. However, very recently,
after the successful operation of the company, when it expanded its business and developed
further, it is facing more issues in terms of the managing the business as compared to the time
when the business was small. Hence, he approached me, the owner of a local IT consulting
firm to help him answer some of the key questions and those are the questions that comprise
the case study questions.
Annotated Bibliography
Article 1: Al-Mamary, Y.H., Shamsuddin, A. and Aziati, N., 2014. The role of different
types of information systems in business organizations: A review. International Journal
of Research, 1(7), pp.333-339.
Al-Mamary, Shamsuddin and Aziati (2014) in this article has clearly defined what
information system is from the perspective of different researchers. It has also highlighted its
importance in the overall performance of firms and have discussed about the different kinds
of information systems that are developed for different purposes, based on the need of
business. The various kind of information system that are used in the contemporary
businesses like the transaction processing system (TPS), management information system
(MIS), Office automation systems (OAS), executive information systems (EIS), decision
support system (DSS), process control system (PCS), executive information systems (EIS)
etc., along with their role, importance and the type of businesses that they are used in are
highlighted in this article. It is to note that each of these types of information systems play a
significant role in the management operations and organisational hierarchy.
Different types of information system has different role to play. The TPS is used for
recording the regular routine transactions that are required for conducting a business. OAS
system is used for supporting the office tasks. PCS is used for monitoring and controlling the
physical and industrial processes. Similarly, MIS on the other hand is concerned with the
convergence of data from the internal sources into the information that is later communicated
to the managers at different levels and in all the functions for making effective and timely
decisions for planning, controlling and directing the activities that are responsible.
Furthermore, DSS is designed for helping the manager in the process of decision making
which needs formulating, comparing, calculating, selecting and modelling the best option or
predicting the scenarios. The role of EIS is to provide the senior managers with a system for
helping in taking tactical and strategic decisions and lastly, the expert system programs are
designed for emulating the human reason. In this way, this study by Al-Mamary, Shamsuddin
and Aziati (2014) have clarified the role of every type of information systems within a
business organisation.
Article 2: Tracey, P. and Stott, N., 2017. Social innovation: a window on alternative
ways of organizing and innovating. Innovation, 19(1), pp.51-60.
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In this article, Tracey and Stott (2017) have discussed about the key information
requirements for the social innovative goals and objectives. They have outlines a framework
for categorising the various types of social innovation such as social entrepreneurship, social
extrapreneurship and social intrapreneurship. These types of social innovation provide some
useful basis for the building of theories in this field. It is to note that the social innovations
are considered as the new social practices that aim towards meeting the social needs in better
way and sometimes, the social innovative objectives as. It is to mention that the information
system requirements for any business is based on the operations, strategic goals and the
operations of the very business. Some of the key objectives include inspiring open access
platform where there is a development of impactful innovations, embracing the public for
shaping the discourse on the social innovations, providing tools and creating an environment
for the work flows that are result driven, fostering a sense of collaboration in between all the
stakeholders of a firm who are involved in driving the social change and being a forum for
the best proactive solutions for meeting the social needs.
The key information required to meet these objectives often include the approaches
that put the capacity of harnessing innovation at the core of public service. By means of
having useful information system in place, particularly the management information system
as well as the decision support system, the whole process of making significant decisions for
a business is made easier for the decision makers as they could then easily access and update
the data in real-time. In this contemporary world, which is highly digitalised, it is very
important for the managers to have access to the real time data as failing to have it can result
in costing the business in money and time and that is something HomePlus could relate to
with improper and inefficient technological advances systems and processes in place.
Article 3: Howaldt, J. and Schwarz, M., 2016. Social innovation and its relationship to
social change. Change, 1(3).
In this article. Change management has a special role to play in the process of social
innovation. With the increase in complexity, managing innovation and change has become
highly difficult. Although there is wide availability of information, the potential of the project
future outcomes has moved from an environment of manageable risk to increasing level of
uncertainty. The speed in which the information are transferred today into actionable
knowledge is not keeping any pace with the changes in the current business environment.
Social innovation required some high level of change and effective change management in
this process is very important and this further requires effective learning. It is to note that
both the humans as well as the organisations tend to learn as a reaction to the events. The
business incentives tend to give some additional motivation for exploiting the prevailing
knowledge. The triggers for these motivation comes from both the internal and the external
sources. The internal triggers include decisions, problems in the process of operations,
personnel and leadership change, company decline or growth as well as changes to the inter-
organisation alliances. On the other hand, the external triggers include change in existing
regulations societal change, changing demographics, introduction of new technology,
economic cycle, competitive offers, the needs, expectations and desires of the customers etc.
It is to note that social innovation provide a response to the triggers of change and
there are different types of innovation that help in characterising the responses and suggesting
that social innovation can provide more effective response to a particular trigger of change.
With the same, it is also to mention that change management can help in ensuring effective
decision making process that further helps in reducing the resistance from the part of the
employees. The challenges and resistance for change develop as a response to the factors that
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assist in increasing the emotions in the decision making process and they include lack of truct
and understanding, lack of information and uncertainty etc.
Article 4: Moussa, M. 2016, ‘Internet, Intranets and Extranets in organizations: An
Integrative Literature Review’, SIU Journal of Management, vol. 6, No. 1.
Moussa (2016) in this article has made use of different arguments and explanations on
how the intranets, internet and the extranets can add value to the companies, with a special
reference to the organisations in Thailand. It is to note that intranets, internet and extranets
are three of the very powerful tools that are used by the contemporary business in order to
ensure effective communication and collaborations with their stakeholders. Moussa (2016)
have presented a brief literature review on the different ways these three elements can help an
organisation in terms of benefiting it and adding value to it. The paper has shed light on how
the emergence and use of information technology has helped in the overall growth and
success of the organisations and how the information systems like extranet and internet are
used by the organisation for fulfilling its stakeholders’ expectations and desires and ensuring
effective collaboration and communication.
It is to mention that internet in this modern world has given people the ability of
connecting and communicating with one other while sitting in two different parts of the
world. The same goes for organisations and businesses too. It has permitted the business
worldwide to access the details and information which would result in attainting their goals.
The e-business and e-commerce is a strategy that today’s businesses are making use of in
order to connect with their customers and the other stakeholders as well as to find out new
potential customers. E-mail is one of the significant ways in which the businesses are
connecting today and apart from it, there are many possibilities for the businesses for using
the internet as a significant tool or business strategy.
Extranets further support the collaboration and communication in place by means of
allowing the share of ideas, access to the product information and other information. It helps
in using internet technology for interconnecting the intranet of business with the intranets of
other business that it makes use of. For example, the suppliers. All these are extremely
helpful for the suppliers. Lastly, the intranet helps in storing the information at a single
location where all the employees could easily access them. It assists in making spreadsheets,
sharing documents and as, it helps in ensuring easy access to information, the business
decision are made in timely manner with further helps the overall operation of the business
and maintaining healthy relationship with the stakeholders. Hence, these three components
can help HomePlus in managing its stakeholder collaboration and communication.
Article 5: Qrunfleh, S. and Tarafdar, M., 2014. Supply chain information systems
strategy: Impacts on supply chain performance and firm performance. International
Journal of Production Economics, 147, pp.340-350.
As per this article the information system can help in managing business problems
and business decisions. Two of the most significant information systems that have the
potential of acting as a powerful tool for supporting the business decisions are the DSS
(Decision Support System) and the MIS (Management Information System). DSS is designed
for helping the manager in the process of decision making which needs formulating,
comparing, calculating, selecting and modelling the best option or predicting the scenarios.
MIS on the other hand is concerned with the convergence of data from the internal sources
into the information that is later communicated to the managers at different levels and in all
the functions for making effective and timely decisions for planning, controlling and
directing the activities that are responsible. Hence, I would suggest HP to incorporate this two
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systems information systems as these two systems will help it in managing its business
decisions and business issues effectively while fulfilling all the information requirements that
are identified.
Article 6: Polónia, F. & de Sá-Soares, F. 2013. ‘Key Issues in Information Systems
Security Management’. In Proceedings of the 34 International Conference on
Information Systems (Milan, Italy, December 15-18, 2013).
This article by Polonia and de Sa-Soares is relevant to answer about the possible
security and ethical issues for the stakeholders of HomePlus (HP). The article has elaborated
on highlighting the different challenges and issues about the information system security that
is faced by the firm in the present digitalised world. As the HP business depends highly on
the information, there is a great need for protecting and safeguarding the information from
the different threats that are encountered. Introduction of information systems could
significantly create a wide range of ethical and security issues for the different stakeholders
of the company and there is a significant need for these issues being effectively addressed for
maintaining a healthy relationship with the company stakeholders. Issues like privacy, the
need for ICT practices and policies are the common one that take place for the customers and
employees of the company. Conducting ITC security training and ethics related training for
the employees is of a great help that assist in ensuring that the employees are well aware of
their responsibilities and roles related to the information security. With the same, all the rules
and regulations, legislations that are put in place in the company should be complied as this
will help the business in retaining transparency and professionalism. It is very important for
HP to ensure that it is acting upon the ethical and security matters that might take place in the
company.
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