Information Technology: Role in Business, Ethics, Networks, AI & SDLC

This report provides an overview of information technology and its significant contributions to organizations. It highlights IT's role in driving dynamic change and evolution within companies, emphasizing the importance of ethical considerations and addressing social issues. The report discusses vario...Read More

Introduction to
Information
Technology

ABSTRACT
Information technology helps out to provide major contribution in all the
organisations as it provides a dynamic change for the companies and its evolution. This
serves out to provide better information technology when being deployed in the system that
were being provided in the companies. It provides major advantages by focusing on the
information technology system and all the ethical and social issues. There are different kinds
of networking technologies which are like MAN, LAN and WAN all these helps out to
transfer the data of specified range. Artificial intelligence provides an important role in order
to build the Secure system for the companies and it also helps out in gaining the production.
Software development cycle have important stages through which they can maintain the
applications for developing the software.

Contents
ABSTRACT.........................................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................................4
Literature Review................................................................................................................................4
Analysis and Discussion......................................................................................................................7
Role in information technology for success of business..................................................................7
Ethical and social issues that made in information technology....................................................8
Different networking technologies...................................................................................................9
Development for the artificial intelligence.......................................................................................9
CONCLUSION..................................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..................................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
The information technology is known as an important storing and retrieving data
source in all the computers as it helps out to provide a proper secure system. In today’s time
business used to be function with the help of IT as it helps out in efficiently managing the
work and also in analysing all the competitive edge for the market. This generates a proper
effective communication technology with the information. This is a communication and
subset with the information technology which used to provide system for computers,
information, communication and all the important hardware and software. IT is support,
development, management and implementation for the study or design which were being
made of system it is an application for computer software which develops and secure all the
transactions and the important documents of companies (Brooks and Pomerantz, 2017). The
organisation chosen in this report is BMI health care Institute which was established in 1970
and headquartered in London, United Kingdom. It used to deal with all the healthcare
services and also offer treatment to the patients with optimum facilities and high-technology
function. In this report there will be a discussion about role of IT in organisations success,
major issues faced in business, various types of network technologies, artificial intelligence
and life cycle of developing a software.
Literature Review
Role of information technology in success of business
According to Fortin La Moris, 2019, information technology is an important source
for all the business as it helps out to introduce innovation and also focus on providing smarter
work with a positive approach and better productivity and quality for the business working
areas. This mainly promotes the success and growth of the company by measuring the proper
analysis and the requirements for the future outgoing programs. All the business used to
focus on applying proper technological advancement in order to invest in the innovative areas
through which they can maintain the probability in order to frame it successful. IT play an
important role in the organisation as it provides a survival to all the companies for the modern
world and also try to maintain them and frame them for the upcoming future inventions and
the technological advancement that were being need to make the life better for the
consumers. This usually helps to provide the consumers better services and also in
maintaining the records and all the documentation to be secure and trustworthy. IT also make

the business world easy by framing correct analysis and vision for the upcoming events by
providing smarter work (Voogt and et. al., 2018).
Ethical and social issues in information technology
According to Ehsan Sargolzaei, 2017 The major ethical and social issues with the
development of IT has been let out as in today’s time that society is much more dependent on
the computers through which they used to consider it as an important factor there are various
unethical Practises that were being started as with the changing time and it created a higher
risk of danger to all the individuals As the major ethical issues which used to be arising are
psychological problems, high risk of sexual behaviour, mental and social dilemmas and many
more there is a more danger that is being exposed with all the social abnormalities as the
excessive use and dependency on IT has led to addiction and also Made individuals totally
dependent on it this creates a major challenge because of the violation on all the individuals
and the commercial areas and programmes. The major social issues that were being late in the
ITR like theft, hacking, crimes and the ethical issues usually been came with the
advancement of technology are like privacy, access of People’s right. Information technology
as with their benefits also make and used to implement some dangers for the society as with
the changing scenarios and the multiple facilities in the technological advancement there has
been seen that consumers are trying to use it in an illegal way an individuals trying different
kinds of techniques through which crimes are being conducted. As nowadays community on
a larger context are wholly dependent on IT which merely put them in a danger with general
issues that can Pro claim them with the advancement and areas.
Different kinds of networking technologies
According to Vivek Patil 2020, network technology is a system which helps out all
the institutions and business to provide information in a digital manner with the help of
information system. This helps out to transmit all the information data from one or the other
computer in order to maintain the usage of communication with the help of cables and wires.
This is also known as computer network which used to serve out transmission of information
from one cable or wires to another. In all the technological advancement there is mainly
Exchange of information from all the different small and larger units of data in the
networking technology. In the business practice it is important to send the files and the
messages for the emails in different channels and mediums in order to maintain the effective
working. For the upcoming advancement there has been seen that companies had made

different kinds of networking technology areas through which they can maintain their
working from point to point and to multipoint areas (Chae, Koh and Park, 2018).
Development in the artificial intelligence
According to Nikki La Marco, 2019 artificial intelligence is all such things which
leverages the computers and the machines in order to make decision and also the capability of
problem-solving is just like the human minds. It is mainly an enhanced level of machinery
which helps out to give and provide important issues in making and also helps how to solve
all the consumers and individuals problems in a day to day basis. This is the general ability of
all the robots and the computers which helps out With their advance technical facilities to
maintain all the artificial intelligence and also helps out to frame the human intelligence in all
the different approach and sectors. It used to be controlled with the computers and the high
accuracy and techniques which helps out to maintain the human intelligence. In the IT sector
it has played an important impact for the growth and advancement in the industries and also
change the working patterns with the help of artificial intelligence there has been made an
optimum organisation in all the streams like in technology, marketing, financial and all the
healthcare and manufacturing sectors. The computer science had made it available to
implement intelligent machine through which they can update the software and can do all
these things which require the man power within minutes (Jimmy, 2018).
Stages of software development life cycle
According to Sepasgozar S.M 2019, There has been made different application for the
business practice in order to frame the software applications there are different stages which
were being implemented for the development of software they are like:
 Planning: It involves all the evaluation of the important project by calculating the
cost that includes the timetable preparation, labour, material, making teams and all the
important setting of goals. This is generally the planning of proper process.
 Examining requirements: This is the major part of planning stage which used to
involve all the important requirements like resources allocation and preparation of
proper software program.
 Prototyping and designing: It provides a model through which application used to
work in different changes in aspects like user interface, architecture, security,
platform, communication and many more. Prototyping used to involve the important

in central part in the design through which early version in the software scan thereby
be created and implemented.
 Software development: This is mainly a writing program In which when the project is
small individual or a single developer used to write whole project and in the last
projects there will be a proper breaking through which different parts are being
distributed to all the teams who were being assigned to work on it and it will input in
walls all the different kinds of coding process and methods (Avgerou and Walsham,
2017).
 Testing: This stage used to cover out all the applications that are being made for the
users and also automatic testing will be given for the proper security and to maintain
the specific environmental conditions.
 Deployment: It is mainly the application which are being provided to the users as in
this the organisation used to prefer a process in which the downloading of the
application in an automatic method in the mobile phones are being made and all the
website are being available with the proper effective links.
 Maintenance and operation: Through this stage the application used to cover out all
the bugs being fixed and they used to analyse and identify the proper testing through
which the fixing can be involved so that services can be applied and an application
can be made within it.
Analysis and Discussion
Role in information technology for success of business
As in context to BMI healthcare the IT play an important role which is being mentioned there
under:
 Management information system is an important tool which helps out to secure the
data and all the important in secure confidential information of the organisation This
used to support all the business functioning in the hospitals as to manage their all the
details regarding to the healthcare services and investment. Information technology
implements out proper management and investment and also keep proper record about
the profits and the returns came in the health
Care service departments.
 Communication became easy as by generating information technology to be an
important part of the organisation. This is an effective communication channel and
always used to connect all the patients, employees and doctors for being working in

the company in a better way as it used to avoid all the confusions and also maintain
healthy relations between them. This mainly provides phone calls, emails, video
calling as an important mode of communication (Chakraborty and Telgote, 2019).
 It helps out to enhance the Upgradation of tools which are being required in
healthcare facilities as this used to provide all the advanced feature in the tools and
the machines through which the patients and the peoples are being operated. Through
this the healthcare service has optimise their working process and it made them easy
to channelise their effectiveness.
 The information technology helped out at the time of pandemic COVID-19 to deal
with all the working from home and also made BMI healthcare to provide all their
medicines and the healthcare kits and facilities with the help of technology and the
doctors and healthcare employees used to deal with all their patients through video
calls, data exchange and all other mediums which made the work easy and also
maintain the production and growth for the efficient services that were being
provided.
Ethical and social issues that made in information technology
There are general benefits which are being used in the IT organisation as they used to
focus on different kinds of issues as in context to be BMI Healthcare the major social issues
are illustrated there under:
 Theft identification: These are mainly all the fraudulent activities which used to get
involved in the today’s time period as this require all the personal information which
were being disclosed of all the persons by using the malicious technical involvement.
The online transactions in all the medical illegal activities used to create a major
effect on the companies and individuals. BMI healthcare service has major
information and data about their patients which can thereby be used by the Employees
with the technological advancement.
 Operating illegal machines: As in all the healthcare services there is a major threat
for using all the machines for the illegal purpose through which it can create a major
problem in the individuals. BMI healthcare service used to focus on maintaining
different kinds of machines that were being used in the operations and for people is
general use which are being use for general illegal purposes which can create a major
problem in the companies for the Social issue (Salam, 2018).
Ethical issue is mainly which the organisation used to face at the time of technology and
through the system as in context to be BMI healthcare service it is mentioned as follows:

 Access of rights: This mainly includes damaging of all the information and important
resources as this issue majorly focus on intentionally distracting the files and all the
important relevant information related to the patients and the customers who used to
get the healthcare services and medicines. As there has been given major data from
the individuals for their own benefit which may be there by affected.
 Privacy: This is mainly a major issue in all the companies and businesses as social
media is a variant platform which used to disclose all the important matters and there
is no privacy setting that is being implemented. BM I healthcare service have to deal
with different kinds of patients and also have to focus that their rights of privacy of
any of the patient will not be hindered and all should be treated with equal privacy
(Singletary and Baker, 2019).
Different networking technologies
As for BMI Healthcare service some of the important networking technologies are mentioned
there under:
On transmission basis
 Multi point: This used to cover of different notes which are connected with each other
and have a same common medium in a linear manner on their multipoint. It focus on
working on time sharing in a different connections.
 Point to point: It includes receiver and centre which are interlinked with each other
and are connected to a transfer of data and with the help of guided mediums and with
the wireless networking session.
On the basis of scale
 WAN: It is being owned by a private or public body and used to carry low speed as
they have large range. And they used to have less tolerance in WAN in comparison of
others.
 LAN: These are owned by private and public individuals with a high speed of LAN as
they have limited range and they are mainly high tolerance as compare to WAN.
 MAN: It is being owned by private and public individuals, in the speed of MANS
thereby average as for both MAN and LAN. They used to have less tolerance as
compare to LAN (Niazi, Parwani and Gurcan, 2019).
Development for the artificial intelligence

For BMI healthcare services they used to implement the artificial intelligence in order to
enhance their growth in services and to provide a better facility to all the individuals. The
used to develop different kinds of artificial intelligence which are mentioned below:
 Improved productivity: The used to implement different programmes through which
all the software bugs can be removed and it will help them out to maintain their
efficient service in the healthcare system and the artificial intelligence will bring them
out to increase their employees were being working to function in a smooth manner so
that they can reach the customer in a safer approach.
 Secured building system: This provides a security data through which all the
important information and data can be made confidential of the patients or the
employees were being working. The BMI healthcare service used to store all their
data of staff and individuals in a safer manner with the help of artificial intelligence
and they used to create a proper security in order to enable and to promote and avoid a
breach of data by taking preventive measures.
 Automatic processing: This includes to make the business easy to make all the
healthcare services to be implemented in a smoother manner without any interference
of humans. BMI healthcare service used to focus on implementing automatic
machines for the help of patients in order to operate them in an easy manner and to
make a safer situation for them (Kumar and et. al., 2019).

CONCLUSION
From this above report it is concluded that, information technology helped out the
business organisation and change their work in process in different ways. There are generally
major issues which are like virus, identifying theft, hacking, privacy issues and many more.
IT provides general benefits in all the working organisations by providing proper relationship
between the consumers and by creating a smooth functioning of the business organisations.
The network technology helps out to transmit the relevant information from one place and
device to another in specific range. Furthermore, it is also analysed that artificial intelligence
is an important part of IT and also helps out to maintain a secure system with a proper
contribution of enhanced productivity and it helps out to eliminate the systems and the human
mind and working. The general Software development life-cycle used to be of seven
important steps which are like planning and implementing operations and maintenance.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Avgerou, C. and Walsham, G. eds., 2017. Information technology in context: Studies from the
perspective of developing countries. Routledge.
Brooks, D.C. and Pomerantz, J., 2017. ECAR Study of Undergraduate Students and
Information Technology, 2017. EDUCAUSE.
Chae, H.C., Koh, C.E. and Park, K.O., 2018. Information technology capability and firm
performance: Role of industry. Information & Management. 55(5). pp.525-546.
Chakraborty, P. and Telgote, A.M., 2019. performance analysis of LAN, MAN, WAN, and
WLAN Topologies for VoIP services using OPNET Modeler. In Computing,
communication and signal processing (pp. 185-196). Springer, Singapore.
Jimmy, J., 2018. Perancangan Aplikasi Pos (Point Of Sale) di Toko Penjualan Tas Berbasis
Android dengan Metode SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) (Doctoral
dissertation, Universitas Internasional Batam).
Kumar, V., and et. al., 2019. Understanding the role of artificial intelligence in personalized
engagement marketing. California Management Review. 61(4). pp.135-155.
Niazi, M.K.K., Parwani, A.V. and Gurcan, M.N., 2019. Digital pathology and artificial
intelligence. The lancet oncology. 20(5). pp.e253-e261.
Salam, A., 2018. Pulses in the sand: Long range and high data rate communication
techniques for next generation wireless underground networks (Doctoral dissertation,
The University of Nebraska-Lincoln).
Singletary, V. and Baker, E.L., 2019. Building Informatics-Savvy Health Departments: The
Systems Development Life Cycle. Journal of Public Health Management and
Practice. 25(6). pp.610-611.
Voogt, J., and et. al., 2018. Second handbook of information technology in primary and
secondary education. Springer International Publishing.