Information Technology in Business: CCCU Report for IT Introduction

This report examines the role of information technology in business, focusing on its impact on companies like Tesco PLC. It covers various aspects of IT, including data analytics, cloud computing, and their effects on revenue, decision-making, and customer satisfaction. The report identifies and discusses ethical and social issues such as data privacy, identity theft, and communication breakdown, along with their significance in business operations. It also explores the impact of ICT on business processes, including automation, cloud computing, and customer satisfaction, while also highlighting the role of IT in aiding executives in management and decision-making. The report concludes by weighing the pros and cons of IT implementation in business.

INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY

ABSTRACT
Information technology plays a crucial role in the life of human being. It presents the
various aspects in company such as analytics of data, cloud computing etc. By the help of it
company may efficiently attract the huge consumers base resulting in increased revenue and
profitability. It also aids in taking if effective decision resulting in satisfaction of consumers.
Various types of ethical & social issues are solved by the organization such as safety of
information, privacy etc. Various types of network are also developed LAN, WAN, MAN
helping in storage and info sharing. With it also the important role of AI in the organization
helping in development of communications.

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
Literature review .............................................................................................................................4
Analysis and discussion...................................................................................................................6
Various types of application software's used by organization....................................................6
Identification of social and ethical issues and their significance in functioning of business .....8
Impact of ICT on business..........................................................................................................9
Role of IT aiding executives for management of business.......................................................11
Pros and cons of IT...................................................................................................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Information technology refers to the use of computers and networking devices for
creation,security,storage and transfer of different types of electronic data. In the field of IT
includes the technology of computer and telecommunications. It also includes the use of various
types of storing and network devices helping in info and data sharing in electric form. The
software, hardware and equipments consisting of IT operated by user of IT. It has a effect on
various functions of company used by the research of science and improvement in process of
manufacturing. The increase in IT in company helps in increasing the operations of business and
achievement of tasks in the given time period. The project is in context of TESCO PLC which is
a international brand and is of British origin. It was founded in the year 1919 by Mr. Jack
Cohen in Hackney, London ,England ,UK. It is presented in more than 4000 locations and is 3rd
biggest retail store in world in terms of revenue. It deals in groceries and general merchandise
retailer. It also operates in other sectors such as Tesco bank. Tesco mobile. Tesco family dining
etc. The project will cover the various types of software application with the significance of
social and ethical issues in functioning of business in world of digitalization. It also mentions the
affect of IT communication in business and how does it helps executives in management of
business.
Literature review
In today's world IT is known as the most significant tool which aids the company in
enjoyment the competitive benefit with economy. By the use of it the productivity of company
improves and aids in time and money saving. It helps in management of data of employee and
process tracking which is important for the organization. IT is mainly related to technology of
computing and internet also the IT umbrella. All the activities of retail stores is connected to
information technology by which the company is able to provide services in all over the world
24*7. The organizations have 3 parts which are processing of data, decision support and business
software. All these helps in formulation of various types of skills of business and technology

which provide opportunities of job such as web designer,system analyser etc. Information
technology consists of software ,hardware and data networking which also consists of
implementation and design of the networks. For maintaining and developing the network of
computers which is important for development of infrastructure helping in management and
accessing of info. It results in proper use of services in all aspects of retail business.

Analysis and discussion
Various types of application software's used by organization
Application software's refers to the software which performs specific tasks or functions
for the user. When the user directly interacts with software it is known as application software.
The only purpose of applications software is to help the user for performing specific tasks. Some
of the popular browser are Microsoft and Excel(Dalvi-Esfahani and et, al., 2020). It also includes
the category of phone apps including apps like Facebook for connecting and games such as
Candy Crush Sags etc.
Some functions of application software are-
 Info and management of data
 Documents management
 Emails , messages
 Account management
 Resources management
 Project management
 Business process management
Needs of application software's- The end users uses the application software's for conducting
single or many activities Here are some reasons for the need of application software in
computers-
 Helps the user for completion of tasks- Application software's is basically designed for
the user and helping them with specific tasks in different sectors like education,business
and entertainment. For ex- Microsoft Word is a famous application software which
allows users for creating ,editing,delete and other activities with word documents.
 Management and manipulation of data- Organization uses application software for
managing and manipulating employees,consumers and data bases. ERP systems and
consumer relationship are examples of application software(Khuntia and et, al., 2018).
 Effective organization of information- Users may use application software's for
effectively creating and handling huge data. Microsoft Excel is the example of
application software which allows users for managing data sheets.

ADVANTAGES
 Its fulfils the demands of consumers. The consumers recognizes that they can use explicit
programmings for completing the task as it is planned explicitly for same reason.
 Companies which are associated with some applications which restrict access and use
ways for monitoring the operations.
 By the logic of health the updates from technicians for licensed application programming
must be obtained.
DISADVANTAGES
 For achieving the goals the development of application software is very expensive for
developers and may affect the finance and income if the extra time is spend on goods
which is not worthy.
 Application software is used by us frequently and has a risk of virus by bug or
malicious projects.
Some of the application software's used by TESCO are-
 iQmetrix- It is an IT and service organization which gives retail solutions. Its solutions
RQ is a cloud based PoS and retail solution for management for multi location retailers.
It helps Tesco in front and back end integrations like payroll processing ,e
commerce,accounting ,biometric security etc.
 Springboards retail- It is cloud hosted PoS and retail management platform which
boasts easy day to day business tools designed for retailers. Tesco uses it s for utilizing
the resources ,increasing efficiency and boosting sales. Its features updated inventory
monitoring,extensive reporting tools.
 LS Nav- It is an end to end retail management system which gives retailers control ove
the process of business and access to data and tools. Tesco uses it for accounting,
reporting and merchandising for store operations and PoS which gives them full
functional for meeting the needs of retail environments(Benitez, Llorens and Braojos,
2018).

Identification of social and ethical issues and their significance in functioning of business
Information technology is dominantly been used by the company for
storing,manipulating and fetching the data by the use of a operating system server. Information
technology is becoming day by day a crucial part of education and health departments. By its
growth the use of IT is resulting in big change in internal service of the society which is offered
with unlimited information(Alfalah, 2018).
Various types of ethical and social issues are explained here-
ETHICAL ISSUES
 Privacy – It is most crucial issue in field of IT. It consist of disclosing and violation of
data of person by using the network. Info of person in shared in large quantity by the use
of network in big area. Here are the factors which helps the users in having the individual
operating system, software and hardware is related to others for operating the server by
the use of network. In context to Tesco integrity or disclosure of data is the main
challenge existing in IT technology industry.
 Harm actions- Property loss , crucial information loss, unexpected effects are some of
actions which are completed by use of information technology. It affects negatively. It is
prohibited for the outer user for using the personal info of company without permission
resulting in personal info loss of employees or public. The actions are the basically on the
basis of world destruction or alteration of files resulting in loss of important data and
info. For removing the all actions which are harmful the organization will have to invest
more efforts and times which will aid them in reduction of viruses from system.
 Rights access- The right access is also one of the major issue for information technology
in the formulation of technology. If the unauthorized person has access in the network on
internet then it will result in bad effect and also the bad actions. Today the public is using
more e commerce and electronic mode of payments as it is becoming a problem fors
government and companies( Kroh and et, al., 2018).

SOCIAL ISSUES
 Theft identity- It is the most crucial issue faced by customers. The personal data is used
by unauthorized 3rd party without permission for fraud such as by online transactions. In
context to Tesco the various types of seclusion sources are been used by organization
for removing frauds related to consumers and workers.
 Communication breakdown- In the era of digitalization it is also the main issue which
is formulated due to the use of information technology and the media. New generation
use to connect on social media than personal gatherings by the use of portable devices
which gives access to the personal info. It results in decreasing of bond between family
and communication. In context to Tesco the direct communication method is been used
by organization management for communicating with consumers. It results in
maintenance of effective communication with them. Various operations are been handled
by organization for visiting branch office and online.
 Online transactions- These services is provided by almost all the retailers to the
consumers. In it the transaction is accessed by them by using mobile phones and info of
account is stored in application of phone(Li and Chan, 2019). It results in hacking of
phones and computer system and also in disclosing the data and money.
Impact of ICT on business
Various types of benefits attached to tools of digital and their help in improving
digitalization in company internally. Information technology helps in various activities involving
the info. These tasks consists of collection,process ,storage and presentation of data. The effect
of Information technology and communication on the organization has been stated here-
 Cloud computing- The topic of cloud computing is very famous between the various
companies as it aids in developing the various operations of business in efficient manner.
IT is being used in cloud computing for capitalizing the capacity for managing times and
resources in the company. If the organization aim for achieving the goals of activities in
efficient manner so they need as better connection of internet. It helps in increasing the
collaboration in various services such as rendering of data online to various teams and
storage of data in system(Lloyd, 2020).

 Automating in process of business- Information technology and communication aids in
automation of business process in very efficient manner. It results in increasing the
efficiency and aids in more productivity of work. With this the automating in company
internally reduces the cost of operations and saves time resulting in fulfilment of
activities even before time. The activities of business such as collecting data of
consumers, process monitoring and billing and tracking of metrics which are done in
efficient manner with help of automating(Patón-Romero and et, al., 2019).
 Satisfaction to customers- It is the most crucial aspect resulting in improved experience
for customers. It is the key presented in front of company helping in satisfaction ofs
customers by completing their demands. In context to Tesco the IT helps the
organization for maintenance of efficient communication in company internally resulting
in resolving the problems in efficient manner. The access has been provided to
company for using the platform of social media for text messages. So it is confirmed that
the important factor for development of business for satisfaction of customers. Various
types of cloud based communication channel aids in improving the customer satisfaction.
 Information safety- The huge amount of data is being stored by the company in data
base and it the most important resource for the organization. Various types of issues are
related to loss of data like personal data , purchase transactions etc. It is very crucial for
Tesco to safe guard the data(Ratwani, Reider and Singh, 2019). They should use the
right tools for protecting data of customers by which they can promotes information
security. Limited user has been provided access to online storage system for accessing
data which reduces the hacking and makes data safe.
 Resource management- Various types for resources have been provided by the
organization consists of finance resources,human resources etc. It is hard for big
companies for managing the resources in efficient manner. Various types of feasible
solutions which have been introduced by IT and communication and because of this it
plays important role in management of resources in efficient manner. In context of Tesco
the engagement of Enterprise resources planning aids in developing the process of

organization. It helps in managing the company for use of series of application operating
and management of various activities of business(Sheldon, 2019)s.
Role of IT aiding executives for management of business
Information technology aids the company in analysis of data in efficient manner. The
executives of organization uses this for planning the journey of business in accordance to
direction and info available in data. Role of IT aiding executives of organization for managing
business is stated here-
 Development of communication in organization- IT aids the executives of the
organization for developing the communication in the company. The technology used in
company by use of various platforms such as software for conferencing,emails,video
chat,intranets of organization and internet. In context of Tesco information technology
helps the organization management for effectively handling the meeting virtually with
team members and consumers all over the world. It saves the time & money of
organization which is to be spend on travelling.
 Daily operational efficiency- It is one more significant role of information technology
aiding the executive of organization in developing the business operations efficiency. By
the development of organizational efficiency the executives can fulfil the activities in
fast and less costly manner. In context to Tesco the executives do it by utilizing
organization software and centralized database of organization. With it the organization
uses the stock management software for counting and monitoring the stock(Shen and et,
al., 2019).
 Improved customer experience- Various types of IT software's aids in increasing the
services of consumers aiding the executives of organization for management of
operations of business. They aid in reaching consumers in the time of business but in
interaction with consumers on sites and social media ,customised services of messages
and emails. In context of Tesco the services of marketing is been used by organization
for tracking the old purchase made by the customer. It helps the organization for
promotion customization and aids in meeting the needs of customer.

Pros and cons of IT
 The software of Information and communication technology used by Tesco aids in
increasing the various types of service of business in which they are operating. Online
services such as online payment develop the communication by the help of electronic
mail which helps in information flow in company internally. It also aids in reduction of
paper use by storage of data by using technology. In context to Tesco use of effective
technology in company internally will result in relationship improvement with
consumers. By the help of technology information can be shared related to organization
such as schemes and various offering like online booking,delivery to their consumers.
 Disadvantage which is related to IT is which requires the large investment and time. For
improving the information technology infrastructure ,the organization may have to put
investment for maintaining the technology in company internally. The online E
commerce sites do collection of data of persons with the use of cookies. It mentions the
goods related information which puts negative effect on organization. With this by the
use of technology the rate of unemployment has been increasing by the use of less
humans(Turulja and Bajgoric, 2018).